• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2003

Agronomic characters of the 361 Korean adzuki beans(Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) collected in Korea were examined. Korean adzuki beans had predominantly up right growth habit types, followed by the intermediate types (15.3%) and the climbing types (6.9%). Round leaf type was the majority among the collections and followed by elliptical and xiphoid leaf type. Adzuki beans with yellow, light yellow and dark yellow flowers were 89.5％, 9.4％ and 1.1％, respectively. The 60.6% of the collections had red seeds and 26.9% had gray seeds. And collections with green seeds, white seeds mixed with gray spot, brown spots on red seeds, black spots on red seeds and dark gray spots on black seeds were also observed. Korean adzuki beans whose number of days from planting to flowering were 69∼75 days were the majority among 361 Korean adzuki beans. The number of days from flowering to majority were 41∼50 days and the number of days from planting to maturity were 111-120days. Adzuki beans having the stem length of 41-60 cm, the pod number per plant of 16-20 and the 100 seed weight of 8∼10 g were 50.2％, 40.2% and 30.5％ of collections, respectively.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 1997

Precambrian metapelites and metapsammites of the Jinan-Osu area (so-called Seologri and Yongamsan Formation) consist of black slate, phyllite, mica schist, quartzite and rarely calc schist. They are intruded by Sunkagsan granite gneiss, Foliated granodiorite, Amphibolite, Sunchang foliated granite and Namwon granite. Mylonite texture, crenulation cleavage and minor shear zone are common. The meta-sedimentary rocks include various rock-fragments xenoliths in size (up to 3 cm) and rock-type. They have various porphyroblastic spots in size (up to 1 cm) and their mineral composition is different. The xenoliths are schists, granite and quartzite, which are rectangular or lens form and recrystallized muscovite, chlorite and quartz. Spots are andalusite and biotite aggregates extensively replaced by chlorite. The metamorphic terrain is divided into three zones of progressive metamorphism on the basis of mineral assemblage. They are chlorite zone, chloite-biotite zone and andalusite-biotite zone ascending order, from west to east approximately. Isograd reactions are phengitic muscovite + chlorite = less phengitic muscovite + biotite + quartz + $H_2O$ and muscovite + chlorite + quartz = andalusite + biotite + $H_2O$ between the chlorite zone and chlorite-biotite zone, and between the chloritebiotite zone and andalusite-biotite zone, respectively. Sample B6 (exposed near the Obong-ri) includes staurolites and greenish biotites, that is different in mineral assemblage and chemical composition from the meta-sedimentary rocks. Sample A12 (exposed near the Shinam-ri) has greenish white spots (up to 1 cm in diameter) mainly composed of Kfeldspar, quartz and sillimanite replaced by muscovite.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

Since 1993, the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) disease occurred in China among cultured shrimps resulting in mass mortality. Epizootiological surveys undertaken during the outbreak period of 1993-1994 indicated that all stages of Penaeus chinensis, P. japonicus and P. monodon were infected. Consequent to the transport of contaminated shrimp seedlings and seawater, the disease spread all over the farms of China. The disease was more rapidly transmitted at temperatures above $25^{\circ}C$. Challenge experiments showed the causative agent was highly virulent. White spots appeared on the carapace of both span-taneous and experimentally infected shrimps. Moribund shrimps contained turbid hemolymph, hypertrophied Iymphoid organ and a necrotic mid-gut gland. Electron microscopy showed the presence of viral particles in the gills, stomach, lymphoid organ, and epidermal tissue of the infected shrimp. The visions were slightly ovoid with an envelope and averaged 350 $\times$ 150 nm; nucleocapsids measured 375 $\times$ 157 nm. With discontinuous sucrose gradient of 35, 50 and 60% (w/v), the virus was separated from hemolymph of the infected shrimp. The estimated molecular weight of genomic DNA was 237 Kb with EcoR I, 247 Kb with Hind III and 241kb with Pst I. A total of 9 hybridoma colones secreting monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced from mouse myeloma and spleen cells immunized with WSSV. The immunofluorescence assay of gill tissue showed that the MAbs reacted with diseased but not with healthy shrimp. The MAbs belonged to IgGl, IgG2b subclass and IgM class, all with kappa light Immune-electron-microscopy with colloidal gold marker showed the presence of 5 MAbs epitopes on the envelope and one on the capsid of the virus. Baculoviral mid-gut gland necrosis showed the specificity of the MAbs produced. For diagnosis 5 different methods were selected. Using Kimura primers for PCR, or MAbs for immunoblot, ELISA or FAT method, in situ hybridization was carried out to show the gene. All these methods detected WSSV in the organ samples of the diseased shrimp but not in healthy one.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2000

Beginning in the summer of 1993, a serious mortality among cultured penaeid shrimp occurred in the western sea of Korea. The typical sign of this disease was white spots inside the surface of the carapace. Cytopathic effect (CPE) were not observed by virus in CHSE-214, RTG-2, but not by pH 11. A nonoccluded rod-shaped form virus was observed by electron microscopy in the lymphoid organ. The virion was bacilliform virus and sourrounded by a virion envelope. Its virion protein was found to be similar to hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (HHNBV) by analysis of virion proteins in SDS-PAGE. The genome of virus is double stranded DNA molecule whose full length was about 114kb. It was similar to penaeus acute viremia (PAV) of Japan.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.323-325
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• 2010

The stem rot of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) occurred sporadically in the experimental field of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, on September, 2009. The infected plants were wilted and water-soaked brown spots were formed on the stem, than infected stems were mostly died. White mycelial mats were spread over lesions, and then sclerotia were formed on stem and near soil line. The sclerotia were globoid in shape, 1~3 mm in size and white to brown in color. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and sclerotia formation on PDA was $30^{\circ}C$ and the hyphal width was $4{\sim}8\;{\mu}m$. The typical clamp connections were observed in the hyphae of the pathogenic fungus. On the basis of mycological characteristics and pathogenicity to host plants, this fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of sunflower by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2004

White spot disease by Cryptocaryon irritans broke out among cultured river puffer (Takifugu obscurus) cultured in sea water in Oct. 2001 and May 2004. Many white spots were easily observed on the gills with the naked eyes. The parasites attached on the gills at the base of the gill lamellae. The trophonts penetrated the interlamellar epithelium. Epithelial cell proliferation in interlamellar spaces occurred. PAS- positive mucous cells were prominent in the proliferated epithelium.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.317-320
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• 2015

The one specimen of Astrabe fasciata, belonging to the family Gobiidae was collected from the Dokdo of East Sea in Korea, and described as the first record from Korea. The specimen is characterized by having two dorsal fins, pectoral fin with free rays (five upper, two lower), protrusion on upper posterior part of supraorbital dermal fold, white spots dispersed on head and five white transverse bends on the body. We proposed its Korean name "Dok-do-eol-ruk-mang-duk-sok" and "Dok-do-eol-ruk-mang-duk" for the genus and species, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1013-1016
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• 1996

Since 1993, sudden and massive death has occurred among penaeid shrimp, Penaeus orientalis cultured in Korea. We investigated the pathological characterizations on the spontaneously and experimentally infected penaeid shrimp. The major gross findings of the spontaneous cases were 2-6mm sized-white spots on the inside of the carapace and reddish discolorization. Histopathologically, massive necrosis of lymphoid organ, degeneration and necrosis of epithelia of epidermis and foregut were observed in both spontaneous and experimental cases. Amphophilic to basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were readly observed epithelia of epidermis, foregut and gills. Electron microscopy revealed enveloped, non-occuluded ellipsoid to rod shaped virus particles, within the nucleus, in the lymphoid organs and interstitial cells of hepatopancreas of both spontaneously and experimentally infected shrimps. The size of the virion was $375{\times}167nm$, and the nucleocapsid was $290{\times}75nm$. The causative agent causing massive death in penaeid shrimps in Korea resembles baculovirus associated with white spot syndrome (WSBV) occurred in Taiwan in virus morphology and gross and histological changes of the shrimps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2021

Two specimens of Hemitrygon izuensis (395.8-471.5 mm in disc width), belonging to the family Dasyatidae (Myliobatiformes), were collected from the waters off north-eastern Jeju-do Island in June 2016 and Pohang in August 2019. This species was characterized by having no spots on dorsal side of disc, white ventral tail fold and short preorbital snout length (15.6-18.3% of disc width). This species is similar to H. akajei and H. sinensis reported in Korea, but differs in small denticles on mid-line of dorsal surface of disc (absent in H. izuensis vs. present in H. akajei and H. sinensis), the length of ventral tail fold (28.1-31.0% in H. izuensis vs. 48.0-48.6% in H. akajei vs. 45.0% in H. sinensis), color of ventral tail fold (white in H. izuensis vs. black in H. akajei and H. sinensis) and small tubercles on the posterior part of tail (absent in H. izuensis vs. present in H. akajei and H. sinensis). We suggest a Korean name for H. izuensis as "I-ju-gal-saeg-ga-o-li" following Kim et al. (2019).

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.338-340
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• 2021

Morus alba, known as White Mulberry, is one of the most common species of mulberry found in South Korea, along with M. australis, known as Korean Mulberry. During a routine survey to investigate fungal diseases on deciduous broad-leaved trees in 2020, leaf spots were consistently observed on the White Mulberry in Sejong-si (36°30'12.8"N 127°17'34.5"E) and Wonju-si (37°15'29.6"N 128°11'37.9"E), South Korea, with a disease incidence of approximately 70 to 80%. Symptoms included circular, tan or necrotic lesions surrounded by a dark margin on leaves, which, in some cases, the lesions coalesced to form relatively large necrotic regions. The pathogen was successfully isolated from M. alba, and was identified as Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides based on the phylogenetic analysis and morphology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot disease on M. alba caused by C. pseudocladosporioides in South Korea.