• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.75-91
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• 1997

Laser cutting tests were conducted to investigate the laser cutting characteristics of solid woods such as 25mm-thick white oak(Quercus acutissima) and maple(Acer mono), and wood-based panels such as 15mm-thick medium density fiberboard and particleboard. Test variables were laser power, cutting speed, grain direction, and moisture content. Cutting depths, kerf widths and the maximum cutting speed were measured. Cutting depths were increased as focus of laser beam was moving from above the workpiece to on the surface of workpiece, and also to below the workpiece. Kerf widths were decreased as focus of laser beam was moving from above the workpiece to on the surface of workpiece, but were increased as focus of laser beam was moving from on the surface of workpiece to below the workpiece. Minimum kerf widths were obtained when focus of laser beam was positioned on the surface of workpiece. Cutting depths and kerf widths were decreased with increase in moisture content, and cutting depths and kerf widths of more dense white oak were smaller than those of maple. And also cutting depths and kerf widths of particleboard were smaller than those of medium density fiberboard.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze annual diameter growth characteristics for major 11 tree species using the data for Gangwon province of the National Forest Resources Inventory in 2007. The annual diameter growth of coniferous species was 5.02 mm, 4.70 mm, and 3.90 mm in Korean white pine, Japanese larch, and Korean red pine, respectively. In growths of the deciduous trees, dogwood, basswood, and cork oak had 3.55 mm, 3.48 mm and 3.01 mm, respectively. Average of the annual diameter growths for all species was 3.38 mm. The relationship between diameter growth and age class showed that the growth rate decreased for all species as age increased. The age class II had the highest annual diameter rate. In relation of the stand density(trees per hectare) and diameter growth, the diameter growth tended to decrease as the stand density increased for most species, especially Korean white pine, cork oak, and basswood. Finally age had the highest value in the correlation coefficients between measurement factor and growth rate regardless of species.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2011

There seems to have arisen a preference for wearing white clothes amongst Koreans from the long past, even tracing back to the ancient times in tradition of Shamanism worshipping the sun. This "preference" persevered throughout the passage of time, even with the numerous internal and external pressures to forbid or interrupt this tradition. The wearing of White Clothes by Koreans can also be often found in the various records made by foreign visitors recognized as a noticeable phenomenon, and representative of Korea which seems to have influences even until now in the impressions of the country. Despite of this tradition that seems to have lasted over the last 5000 years, all of a sudden it disappeared within the last 50years. In the contemporary modern fashion of Korea, it seems hard to say, Koreans enjoyably sporting White clothes, is a stand out trait anymore, thus the equation of Koreans equivalent to the people of white not a valid stamen anymore. it could not be said that this tradition is representative of the Korean cultural Identity. Why would this be the case? What happened to the long lasted pattern? In what form or shape has this tradition trasnsformed and reappears before us today? This paper seeks to find the answers to these questions.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2003

White snakeroot (Ageratina altissima (L.) R. King & H. Robinson) as an invasive alien plant appeared more abundantly at lower elevations where frequent artificial interferences prevailed than at higher elevations where such impacts were less. They appeared abundantly in introduced forests such as black locust plantation but they did not appear or were rare in natural forests such as oak forest. But an exceptional phenomenon where white snakeroot did not appear was found in a Korean pine stand with dense cover afforested recently. Appearance status of white snakeroot in each section of trampling path depended on breadth of the path and relative light intensity. Growth of white snakeroot measured as the number of ramet per genet, height, and biomass was better near the trampling path and was reduced toward the forest interior. The growth was proportionate to the relative light intensity measured according to distance from the trampling path. Such results support the fact generally known in relation invasion and expansion of the invasive alien plants. From this viewpoint, we suggest a management plan that applies ecological restoration principles to address ecosystems infected with white snakeroot by restoring the integral feature of the degraded nature and more thoroughly conserving the remaining nature.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.325-335
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• 1996

표고의 외관 특징들은 표고의 재배 시 생육상태의 정량적 측정을 위해서, 표고의 건조 시 건조 성능을 나타내는 정량적 지표로서, 그리고 건표고의 품질을 판정하는 요인으로서 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 시각시스템 및 신경회로망 기술을 적용하여 표고의 갓 및 내피에 고루 분포되어 있는 외관특징을 정량적으로 추출하는 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 기존의 영상 처리 과정에서 유도되는 경험적 판정규칙 또는 명확한 수치적 판정조건에 의한 등급판정은 입력데이타의 결핍 또는 애매모호성에 따른 오차가 발생하기 쉽다. 신경회로망을 이용한 영상인식 기능을 도입함으로써 다양하고 애매모호한 표고의 외관 영상특징들을 효율적으로 처리하여 기존 영상처리 알고리즘에서 발생하는 오차를 개선하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 표고의 갓과 내피면의 인식 및 특징 분할, 꼭지부의 검출, 제거 및 재생 등을 포함한다. 제안한 알고리즘에 의거하여 건표고의 등급판정에 주요한 품질인자들을 추출하고 정량화 하였다. 그리고 알고리즘의 개발은 흑백의 다치입력영상을 이용하여 수행하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the development and oviposition characteristics of Protaetia brevitarsis fed mulberry fermented sawdust added with mulberry cake. The results of rearing of P. brevitarsis larvae on oak fermented sawdust and mulberry fermented sawdust added with different ratio of mulberry cake, the development periods of larvae feed sawdust with mulberry cake were about 41.6~48.5 days and shortened by 117 or more than that without treatment. The development periods were shorter as the ratio of mulberry cake added increased and there was no difference according to the kind of sawdust. But the weight of the larvae raised in mulberry fermented sawdust added with mulberry cake was heavier than that of the larvae raised in oak fermented sawdust added with mulberry cake. When mass rearing P. brevitarsis larvae in oak fermented sawdust, the addition of 5% mulberry cake was appropriate. Also, the average number of laying eggs of female who fed diet with mulberry cake was 12.3% higher than that of untreated.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2022

The food source of white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is important to economical performance. The P. brevitarsis larva were feed by mulberry and oak fermented sawdust. The effect of additional additives, Korean black raspberry (called bokbunja) marc and blueberry marc to fermented sawdust feed on the development and oviposition characteristics were investigated. The development periods of P. brevitarsis was decreased from 165.7 d to 40.0 d (mulberry sawdust) and 169.3 d to 39.0 d (oak sawdust), but the survival rate of larva was not affected by the addition of Korean black raspberry marc to fermented sawdust. However, blueberry marc addition to the fermented sawdust did not significant effect on the development period and survival rate of P. brevitarsis. The percentage of larva weight over 2.5 g was tend to increase by addition of Korean black raspberry marc and/or blueberry marc. The number of oviposition was also tend to increase by adding additional feed to sawdust but there was no significant different.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.455-458
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• 2006

The oak and pine charcoal were used to develop the internal packaging raw material for maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits, and to investigate the possibility in the application for pulp mold packaging. The effects of the charcoal type, species, particle size, and grammage on the adsorption efficiency of ethylene gas were studied. White charcoal has superior ethylene gas adsorption performance to those of black charcoal. Pine charcoal was superior to oak charcoal in the ethylene gas adsorption. Higher gas adsorption was obtained by the higher grammage sheet. The difference in the adsorption efficiency was not significant between ONP and KOCC.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.45-45
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• 1982

There are many important exotic species in Korea, such as white pine, pitch pine, jack pine, oak, ash, etc. Some of them are already being used for various construction purposes, in spite of their history imported to and cultivated in Korea being very young. No study was carried out on the various properties of these exotic species, which arc needed for their proper use at present.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.292-295
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• 2002

A chromate-resistant white rot fungus, Inonotus cuticularis, abundant in oak trees, was isolated for chromate removal and detoxification of chromate. Inonotus cuticularis was also investigated for an optimal waste treatment system. The screened cells were able to reduce an initial chromate concentration of as high as 1,300 ppm. Cell growth kinetics showed that the optimum culture conditions in flasks were at $33^{\circ}C$ and pH 4.2. Furthermore, the cells were able to remove $54\%$ of the initial chromate by a two-stage operation based on the combination of a fermentor and airlift reactor.