• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.92-100
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• 2009

This study was surveyed from May to October, 2008 in order to classify type distribution and evaluate the function of inland wetland as a ecological axis in Chungnam province. Assessment was done by modified-RAM (Rapid Assessment Method). RAM is consisted of total 8 functions and divided into high, moderate, low. The conservation grade of RAM is divided into 4 grades; absolute conservation, conservation, improvement and restoration. Throughout survey on total 13 wetlands of Lacustrine, Palustrine wetland which are distributed in Chungnam province, their function was assessed. As result, the 2 wetlands were judged as absolute conservation grade by assessment of 8 functional contents, and 7 sites were improvement wetlands and 4 sites were conservation wetlands. The function of wetlands assessed as conservation grade showed high in water quality protection and improvement. Also, showed high in vegetation diversity, wildlife habitat and aesthetic recreation. Meanwhile, showed low in Water quality purification, Shoreline/Stream Bank Protection. Of wetlands evaluated as conservation grade, Jeong-juk Ji and Dun-ri reservoir were assessed as absolute conservative area. These wetlands are essential to be managed continuously as a area having high ecological value. Farther, these wetlands will be done as a axis of ecological network related to 'Kumbuk jeongmaek' ecosystem.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2021

내륙습지에서 생태적, 환경적으로 중요한 역할을 하고 생태복원의 주요 재료가 되는 버드나무림에 대한 식물사회학적 연구가 수행되었다. 습지보호지역에 발달하는 버드나무림을 대상으로 Z.-M.(Zürich-Montpellier)학파의 방법에 따라 총 61개의 식생자료가 수집되었고 식물군락과 종조성적 특성이 밝혀졌다. 총 237분류군을 포함한 9개의 식물군락이 구분되었다. 높은 상대기여도(r-NCD) 값을 나타내는 버드나무류는 키버들, 왕버들, 선버들, 갯버들, 버드나무로 확인되었다. 종조성 분석결과, 벼과, 국화과, 미나리과, 마디풀과, 콩과 순으로 출현빈도가 높게 나타났으며, 생활형은 일년생식물(휴면형), 단립식물(지하기관형), 중력산포형(산포방법), 직립형(생육형)을 가지는 식물종의 출현율이 높아 Th-R₅-D₄-e로 특징지어졌다. 귀화식물은 12과 24종, 생태계교란 생물은 3과 4종이 관찰되었으며, 귀화율은 10.1%, 교란지수는 41.4%로 분석되었다. NMDS 서열법(non-metric multidimensional scaling)에 의한 식물종과 조사지점 간의 경향성 분석 결과, 조사지점의 해발고도와 습지의 유형이 식물군락의 공간적 분포를 결정하는 주요한 요소인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 비교적 해발고도가 높은 산지형 습지에서 다양성 지수와 균등도 지수가 높게 나타났으며, 해발고도가 낮은 하천형과 호수형 습지에서는 교란지수, 귀화율, 일년생식물 출현비율이 높았다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.185-201
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• 2014

The Yong-neup of Mt. Daeam, which was designated as Korea's National Monument No.246 in 1973, is a high moor, and it has been managed with the designation as an ecosystem conservation area, Ramsar wetlands, and wetland conservation area. With the closing of the officially announced 5-year period for 'No-Trespassing' on the ecosystem conservation area starting August, 2010, it becomes necessary to arrange a systematic management and conservation scheme in consideration of the access & use of the visitors and Yong-neup's potential change into land consequent on making it open to the public. This study thinks that in order to preserve the Yong-neup, it's necessary to prepare the conservation plan for the program operation for exterminating exotic species, development of replacement wetlands and nurseries, access limit through zone categorization, establishment of environment-monitoring system, institutional management support, and establishment of managing facilities, etc., and to make scientific approaches, such as survey on wetland ecosystem, establishment of inventories, wetland monitoring, and drawing up of wetland ecology maps, etc. In addition, it is required that there should be adequate considerations of restoration of slope faces, drains, artificial embankment, water-collecting wells, roads for military operations, and wild-boar-stricken areas, etc., and should be continuous and systematic management of Yong-neup through the wise use of residents' participation-style maintenance, organization of a consultative body, introduction of CEPA programs, and introduction of visiting facilities and alternative transportation system, etc.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1141-1152
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• 2013

Insect fauna were surveyed in 2011 at Ungok wetland, Obeygol, located in Gochang, Jeonbuk, Korea. In total, 149 species belonging to 11 orders and 57 families were surveyed. Among them, Lepidopterans composed 23.5% (35 species) of the total insect numbers surveyed, comprising the most abundant group, and followed by Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Odonata with a composition of 22.1% (33 species), 17.4% (26 species), and 10.1% (15 species), respectively. Bothrogonia japonica Ishihara was the most dominant species, and followed by Gastrophysa atrocyanea Motschulsky and Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus). Phytophagous insects accounted for 60 percent of the total species. Dominance index was the highest in spring by 0.21. Diversity, richness, and evenness indices were the highest in summer by 4.07, 11.84 and 0.96, respectively. In the study area, the legally-protect species were grouped into five groups; 9 export-restricted species, 17 endemic species, 28 indicator species, 1 climate-sensitive biological indicator and 3 southern characteristic species. Additionally, twenty forest insect pest species were surveyed, belonging to 5 orders and 15 families. Therefore, it is required to conduct long-term monitoring and appropriate management based on the ecological characteristic of the habitats to continuously conserve and maintain of wetland.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.70-80
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• 2007

This study was surveyed from January to september, 2007 in order to evaluate the function of coastal wetland as a ecological axis in korea peninsula. Assessment was done by RAM (Rapid Assessment Method). RAM is consisted of total 8 contents and divided into high, moderate, low. The preservation grade of RAM is divided into 4 grades; absolute preservation, preservation, improvement and improvement or restoration. Throughout survey on total 14 wetlands of marine, estuary wetland and back marsh which are distributed in west coast in chung-nam province, their function was assessed. As result, total all the 14 wetlands were judged as preservation grade by assessment of 8 functional contents. The function of wetlands assessed as preservation grade showed high in water quality protection and improvement. Also, showed high in vegetation diversity, wildlife habitat and aesthetic recreation. Meanwhile, showed low in ground water recharge, Shoreline/Stream Bank Protection, Flood/Stormwater storage and Flood flow alteration. Of wetlands evaluated as preservation grade, Dae-ho, Sinduri, Bu-Nam lake, Sowhang dune and keum river estuary were assessed as absolute preservative area owing to habitation of international protection species and endangered species. These wetlands are essential to be managed continuously as a area having high ecological value. Farther, this wetlands will be done as a axis of ecological network related to land ecosystem.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2018

This study investigated the transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a free-water surface flow constructed wetland. Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) coupled with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) was used to analyze the compositions of biopolymers (polysaccharides, amino sugars, proteins, polyhydroxy aromatics, lipids and lignin) in DOM according to the molecular size at three sampling points of the water flow: inflow, midflow, and outflow. The prep-HPLC results verified the decomposition of DOM through the decrease in the number of peaks from three to one in the chromatograms of the sampling points. The Py-GC/MS results for the degradable peaks indicated that biopolymers relating to polysaccharides and proteins gradually biodegraded with the water flow. On the other hand, the recalcitrant organic fraction (the remaining peak) in the outflow showed a relatively high concentration of aromatic compounds. Therefore, the ecological processes in the constructed wetland caused DOM to become more aromatic and homogeneous. This indicated that the constructed wetland can be an effective buffer area for releasing biochemically stable DOM, which has less influence on biological water quality indicators, e.g., biochemical oxygen demand, into an aquatic ecosystem.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.39-54
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• 2021

담양습지는 하도 내에 발달하는 하천습지로, 국내 처음으로 습지보호구역으로 지정되었으며 유네스코 무등산권 세계지질공원 후보지역으로 알려져 있다. 담양습지 인근은 영산강 상류지역으로 현재는 비교적 넓은 평야지대가 분포한다. 담양습지 주변의 퇴적환경을 해석하고자 시추코어를 획득하였고, 퇴적상, 연대측정(AMS, OSL), 입도분석, 지화학 분석 등을 수행했다. 또한 습지 주변의 기존 시추 코어 자료를 사용하여 종합적인 퇴적환경 변화를 해석했다. 담양습지가 분포하는 영산강 상류 일대의 평야 지역은 후기 플라이스토세 동안 형성된 하안단구 퇴적층이 비교적 하도와 먼 지역에 분포하고 있다. 홀로세 퇴적층은 자갈층이 평야 일대에 걸쳐 넓게 분포하고 있어 홀로세 중기 이후 해수면이 안정화 된 다음에 망상하천의 형태로 퇴적된 것으로 해석했다. 그리고 현재와 같은 사행하천으로 전이되면서 주로 모래가 우세한 퇴적물이 유입되었으며, 하도 주변으로는 범람원 환경이 조성되었다. 또한 화분분석 결과를 근거로 약 6천년 전후에는 온난 습윤한 환경이었으며 이후 습지 퇴적층이 발달한 것으로 추정했다. 담양습지가 분포하는 하도 일대의 트렌치 조사 결과 하부에는 원마도가 좋은 자갈층이 분포하고 있으며, 자갈층 상부를 모래층이 덮고 있다. 담양습지는 1970년대 담양호가 건설된 이후 모래층 상부에 머드층이 퇴적되면서 형성된 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.498-511
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• 2012

산지습지는 멸종위기야생동식물 II 급인 끈끈이주걱과 지표종인 이삭귀개, 잠자리난초, 물매화, 진퍼리새 등이 분포하여 중요성은 높으나, 자연적 또는 인위적인 과정에 의해 건조화가 빠르게 진행되고 있어 시급한 관리가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 정확한 자연생태계 현황 및 건조화 진행 실태를 파악하여 습지생태계 보존대책과 건조화 관리 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 화엄늪은 경사도 $10^{\circ}$ 미만(86.1%), 해발 750~810m(87.4%)로 산지습지의 적지라고 할 수 있으나 하부에 깊이 1.6m, 폭 0.8m인 수로가 형성되어 이탄층 유실, 수위저하 등으로 인한 건조화 진행이 우려되었다. 습지보호지역 내 식생은 진퍼리새 등 습윤지성 식생이 분포하는 면적이 6.7%로 협소한 반면, 참억새, 미역줄나무 등 산림성 목본 및 건조지성 초본이 우점하여 방치시 숲생태계로의 천이가 예상된다. 건조화를 예방하고 양호한 생태계의 지속적인 보존을 위해 식생의 생태적 특성을 고려한 보존 및 관리지역 설정, 습지보호를 위해 천이에 영향을 미치는 주연부 식생 관리, 핵심지역 보호를 위한 완충지역 설정을 제안하였다. 관리에 있어서는 습지훼손 요인관리를 위하여 수계로의 과도한 지하수 유출 억제를 통한 물고임 습지 안정화와 산지습지 지표종에 대한 보호 및 관리식물 지정, 습지의 산림화를 유발 촉진할 수 있는 건조지성 수목을 관리해야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2006

This study was aimed to propose the plan of creating a biotope reflecting an ecological education as well as its function as the habitats of amphibian in Namsan Urban Natural Park in Seoul. There were Cheonil mineral spring area which was located on the southern side of Namsan, wetlands which was already created on the east valley(800$m^2$) and a buffer area of the circumference(1,100$m^2$) as the biotope sites. Major fields of this study include a survey of the staus, a basic plan, a master plan; a survey of this site was focused on topography, water system, existing vegetation, wildbird, amphibian, trail; a detailed plan was focused on flow plan, planting plan, facility plan. Existing vegetation was classified into 8 types; Pinus densiflora forest, Pinus densiflora planted area, Prunus sargentii-Quercus spp. forest, Pinus rigida forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, artificial green space, wetlands, south beltway. There were Pinus densiflora planted area and Prunus sargentii-Quercus spp. forest as major vegetations of this site. 14 species and 33 individuals of wildbirds appeared, Rana temporaria ornativentris and Hynobius leechi were investigated in the wetlands.In particular, habitats of amphibian were divided eco-zone, buffer-zone and restore-zone, and habitats and facilities which would be suitable for the characteristics of each space were planned. As a result, environment elements of good habitats including spawn wetlands of amphibian, harbor of amphibian, water plant of wetland, wild shrubs forest, ecological landscape forest, wetland observation trail, fence of wetland protection and ramp by pebble and log were created at the site. The amphibian biotope of Namsan is rated high as an important space for conserving biodiversity. Accordingly, continuous monitoring of this biotope as a urban habitat is required as the environment changes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.319-332
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• 2018

This study aimed to provide fundamental data for enlargement strategy of Ramsar site through the analysis of designation properties about 22 sites which has been registered for 20 years since Yongneup (Mt. Daeam) was designated as the first Ramsar site in Korea. Designation properties were analyzed on the basis of Ramsar Information Sheet and ecological properties was mainly analyzed in relation to designation criteria. Designation of Ramsar wetland was concentrated before and after Changwon Congress in 2008 and in terms of area 11 sites are below $1km^2$ and 5 sites are above $10km^2$. The average number of applied designation criteria was 2.86 and Criterion 2 (threaten species), Criterion 1 (representativeness and rareness of wetland type) and Criterion 3 (biodiversity) are mainly applied. In terms of protection species, internationally recognized species were 18 species on IUCN redlist, 12 species on CITES and 13 species on CMS, and nationally recognized species were 76 species on endangered species designated by Ministry of Envirionment, 83 speceis on national redlist and 71 speceis on endemic species respectively.