• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated the water quality and fish community of the Gudam Wetland, a riverine wetland in the middle-upper reaches of the Nakdong River, during March-October 2020. The main results were as follows: average annual flow rate: 45.0±23.7 m³/s, flow velocity: 0.4±0.3 m/s, water depth: 1.4±0.4 m, water temperature: 17.5±0.8℃, pH: 7.8±0.2, electrical conductivity: 121.6±19.0 ㎲/cm, dissolved oxygen concentration: 11.4±0.9 mg/L, suspended solids concentration: 3.8±2.0 mg/L, and the water quality was classified as Ia (very good). A total of 754 individual fish belonging to 4 orders, 7 families, and 19 species were investigated. Cyprinidae was the dominant group, with 13 species. The dominant species was Zacco platypus (39.3%), followed by Pseudogobio esocinus (17.5%). There were 8 (42.1%) endemic Korean species and 1 exotic species, Micropterus salmoides. Four species were carnivores, six were insectivores, and nine were omnivores. Regarding tolerance to environmental changes, 6 species were tolerant, 11 had intermediate tolerance, and 2 were sensitive. Fish community analysis revealed dominance of 0.57, diversity of 2.04, evenness of 0.69, and richness of 2.72, indicating a diverse and stable fish community. The fish assessment index showed that the assessment class was B (average 62.5), which was higher than that of major streams of the Nakdong River (class C). For sustainable conservation of the Gudam Wetland, management strategies such as minimizing aggregate collection and preventing inflow of non-point pollutants are required.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.92-113
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• 2024

본 연구는 김해 화포천습지 보호지역에 분포하는 관속식물상의 특성을 조사하여 습지생태계 보전과 관리를 위한 기초정보를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 관속식물상은 81과 221속 315종 9아중 12변종 2품종 등 339분류군으로 요약되었다. 희귀식물은 쥐방울덩굴, 자라풀 등 7분류군이며, 식물구계학적 특정종은 32분류군이고, 침입외래식물은 66분류군이며, 생태계교란종은 11분류군이었다. 수생식물은 29분류군이며, 정수식물은 16분류군, 침수식물은 3분류군, 부유식물은 4분류군, 부엽식물은 6분류군으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2002년도 The 10th Anniversary of KENSS International Workshop
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• pp.29-44
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• 2002

Wetlands provide vital habitats for fish and wildlife while offering numerous other benefits. As in some other countries, however, Taiwan has witnessed the loss of a significant portion of its coastal wetlands due to large-scale reclamation projects along the coast. Most of the wetlands that still remain are seriously being threatened by both human activities and natural changes, such as drainage for agricultural production, filling for industrial development, discharge of wastes and drought. The administrative performance of the existing authorities and legislation in Taiwan has mostly been ineffective in protecting these precious, sensitive areas. This paper introduces the distribution of wetlands in Taiwan and highlights their invaluable functions and potential economic value. It also discussed the recent activities, both initiated by the government and the NGOs, to protect wetlands in Taiwan. Based on the above discussion, the paper identifies the wide-range of current problems related to their management and proposes the vision should have to save wetlands for the future. It argues that establishing clear policies and effective institutional mechanisms on wetland protection and conservation, classifying the wetlands for better management, and fully promoting public awareness and consciousness of the importance of the wetlands will not only be beneficial but will also address the urgent need to safeguard the wetlands in Taiwan. Additionally, the paper recognizes that international cooperation and collaboration on wetland restoration is essential and most challenging.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-114
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• 2002

Legal regimes of major countries actively involved in wetland programs including USA, Japan, Germany, Netherlands, and Denmark, show that these leading nations have developed their own legal regimes and policies for the conservation and restoration of wetlands since early 1990s. The main feature of their position is to preserve, create and restore wetlands, including tidal flats. However, this approach, so called 'mitigation' policy, is thus far, not a fully established policy but an evolving one. For Korea, there are only a few laws and policies which hint at the importance of creating coastal wetlands as a conservation measure, however, most of those systems only exist as vague provisions which lack any tangible and compulsory implementing procedures and technical guidelines. It seems that it is necessary to strengthen the legal measures for conserving coastal wetlands in Korea including specifying economic assessment methods and funding sources for the creation, restoration and rehabilitation of tidal flats to firmly establish a national wetland mitigation policy.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2001

This study was performed to survey the characteristics of surface water and soil in Wangdungjae wetland located at Chiri-Mountain. The results of survey summarized as follows; 1. The physico-chemical characteristics of surface water such as pH, temperature, and DO were in the range of 6.02-6.39, $13.5-24.3^{\circ}C$ and 3.81-9.97 mg/L, respectively. Also, the organic concentrations such as BOD and COD were in the range of 1.3-1.61 mg/L and 3.55-9.97 mg/L, respectively. The water quality of five different sampling sites showed the similar characteristics. 2. The physico- chemical characteristics of soil showed the different properties with the soil sampling depth. According to increasing sampling depth, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and electric conductivity (EC) increased but pH decreased. 3. The future survey and researches on surface water and soil environments are needed to preserve the Wangdungjae wetland at Chiri-mountain marsh.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2019

There is often confliction between conservation for protected ecosystem assets and development for various stakeholders at wetland protection areas. The concept of Ecosystem Services can be an alternative solution for the conflicts. This paper attempted to measure and evaluate cultural ecosystem services according to the index evaluation approach. For the evaluation, the paper suggested five indicators of ecosystem cultural services including: inspiration, landscape aesthetics, education, eco-tourism, and heritage. The developed indices of cultural services in this study can be also utilized as a policy support tool for conservation of the wetland protected areas. The result illustrates the ranking and correlation of each indicator of ecosystem cultural services and suggestions for useful means of management policy in wetland protected areas.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2004

Constructed wetlands are considered as an important tool for wastewater treatment, wastewater management and flooding control. In addition, one of the most promising technologies for application in many countries seems to be constructed wetlands, due to their properties such as utilization of natural processes, simple construction, operation and maintenance, process stability, cost effectiveness, etc. This study considered possibility of treatment of livestock wastewater using a constructed wetland. The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, TOC, TN, TP, SS, and color were 97.6%, 96.6%, 97.0%, 96.7%, 99.0%, and 85.6%, respectively. In particular, SS was completely removed. However, $Cl^{-}$ concentration of the constructed wetland effluent was higher than that in influent. In conclusion, constructed wetlands could be applied to livestock wastewater treatment if $Cl^{-}$ would be properly treated. Further, it needs time for stabilization to reduce the pollutants which were accumulated in soil.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1141-1152
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• 2013

Insect fauna were surveyed in 2011 at Ungok wetland, Obeygol, located in Gochang, Jeonbuk, Korea. In total, 149 species belonging to 11 orders and 57 families were surveyed. Among them, Lepidopterans composed 23.5% (35 species) of the total insect numbers surveyed, comprising the most abundant group, and followed by Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Odonata with a composition of 22.1% (33 species), 17.4% (26 species), and 10.1% (15 species), respectively. Bothrogonia japonica Ishihara was the most dominant species, and followed by Gastrophysa atrocyanea Motschulsky and Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus). Phytophagous insects accounted for 60 percent of the total species. Dominance index was the highest in spring by 0.21. Diversity, richness, and evenness indices were the highest in summer by 4.07, 11.84 and 0.96, respectively. In the study area, the legally-protect species were grouped into five groups; 9 export-restricted species, 17 endemic species, 28 indicator species, 1 climate-sensitive biological indicator and 3 southern characteristic species. Additionally, twenty forest insect pest species were surveyed, belonging to 5 orders and 15 families. Therefore, it is required to conduct long-term monitoring and appropriate management based on the ecological characteristic of the habitats to continuously conserve and maintain of wetland.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.221-244
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• 2014

국내에서 보호되고 있는 심적습지, 장도습지, 그리고 화엄늪을 대상으로 퇴적물의 지화학적 특성을 비교하여 이에 대한 함의를 도출하였다. 치환성 양이온 자료를 중심으로 연구 대상 습지들의 지화학적 특성을 살펴본 결과, 이들 습지는 공통적으로 저층습원의 유형에 포함되었지만 치환성 양이온의 분포양상은 상이했다. 치환성 양이온의 함량비를 변수로 이단계군집분석을 한 결과 3개의 군집으로 퇴적물 유형이 구분되었다. 지질, 토양, 식생 등의 환경요인의 차이로 인해 심적습지는 Ca집중퇴적물이, 장도습지는 Ca집중퇴적물과 Mg집중퇴적물이, 화엄늪은 K집중퇴적물이 각각 주요한 유형으로 나타났다. 퇴적물의 지화학적 특성은 기후변화나 인위적 환경변화로 촉발되어지는 외부 환경요인으로 인해 변경될 수 있기 때문에 산지습지의 환경변화 지시자가 될 수 있으며, 관리적 측면에서 활용될 수 있다. 또한 치환성 양이온의 함량비를 이용한 분류는 산지습지를 분류하는 하나의 방법이 될 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 습지지형 또는 습지생태계의 변화에 대한 이해를 넓히고 적절한 산지습지의 보전을 위해서는 퇴적물의 지화학적인 특성에 대한 분석 및 유형화 시도가 지속적으로 이루어져야 한다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2007

하구습지는 육지생태계와 해양생태계가 만나는 전이적 특성으로 인해 다른 생태계에 비해 겨울철새를 비롯한 많은 생물종이 도래 서식하고 있음에도 불구하고, 지금까지 하구습지에 대한 공간적 분포나 시간에 따른 하구습지 변동추이를 분석한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지리정보시스템을 이용하여 한강, 섬진강, 가화천의 하구습지를 파악하였으며, 이때 구한말 이후 일관되게 제작되는 국가기본지형도를 이용함으로서 표준화된 방법으로 하구습지의 시대별 변화추이를 분석하였다. 특히 1910년대 제작된 고지형도와 1970년대, 그리고 2000년대에 제작된 지형도를 획득하여, 하구 내 갯벌, 습지, 모래에 대한 공간분포와 하구별 하구습지의 훼손실태를 파악하였다. 한강 및 영산강 하구와 같이 대하천 하구는 1910년대부터 1970년대까지 지속적으로 습지면 적이 감소되었으나, 감소율은 크지 않았다. 그러나 1970년대 이후 하구둑 건설과 영산강유역종합개발계획 등 각종 개발사업이 이루어진 영산강의 하구습지는 급격히 감소하였으며, 한강 하구도 남북긴장 완화와 접경지역 개발지원에 따라 습지훼손이 심화되고 있다. 반면 하구둑이나 주변 개발사업으로부터 비교적 자유로운 가화천은 하구습지의 훼손이 낮은 상태인데, 아직도 1910년대와 비슷한 형태의 갯벌과 갯골을 간직하고 있다.