• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.233-256
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyse between foreign curriculum and our high school industrial technology subject-matter curriculum, to review trend and stream of curriculum revision, and purpose and content system of subject-matter. This study was conducted through reviewing literature; research reference, journal, book, and Web materials. in this study, comparative target country was restricted to Japan, U. S. A., U. K., and N. Z., Australia that administer to similar subject with our industrial technology subject-matter. The major finding of this study were as follows: 1. A similar subject-matter with our industrial technology subject0matter was Japan' 'foundation of industrial technology' and 'project research', U. S. A.' 'technology' and etc, U. K.' 'design and technology', and N. Z.' 'technology', 'New South Wales in Australia' design and technology'. 2. The result of analysis to purpose and strength of subject-matter, our' industrial technology subject-matter was oriented to knowledge, understanding and career search in industrial area. but, the other was emphasized technological problem solving by process-based method with thinking and action. 3. In the curriculum content, our country was treat to content area of a broad industrial world. on the other hand, Japan; relationship between human and technology, environment, process technology and product technology, project research. U. S. A.; technology content standards by knowledge, process and context, U. K., N. Z., and Australia were focused 'design process'. Based on above results, the recommendation can be established as follows: 1. A study on the implementation of industrial technology curriculum. 2. A study on the perception and need assessment of expert and stakeholder about purpose and content system. of industrial technology subject-matter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.451-453
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• 2010

The world is rapidly evolving in the future society is based on intelligence. In such circumstances, USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) to implement the future ubiquitous(Ubiquitous) society have been highlighted as a key infrastructure. For realization of Ubiquitous computing(Ubiquitous Computing), The data recognized from each sensors must be collected on real-time and transferred to applied service so that they may be used as data for providing service to users. USN sensor data on the use for using a numerous sensor data provision service, service provider can publish its service in standardized registry for users to search and use the service registry. However, in previous studies using Web services standards WS-Eventing, and UDDI(Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) as USR(USN Service Registry) for USN Application Service is unnecessary or insufficient. In this paper, data from sensors that provide information to service providers register their services and use the information for service users to explore and views on the registry of the system was designed and implemented.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.6325-6332
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• 2015

Although distortions of horizontally curved box girder are more susceptible than which of the straight girder due to curvature effect, current domestic design standards does not present spacing of intermediate diaphragms for the curved box girder. In this study, parametric studies for straight and curved box girder considering distortional warping normal stresses based on linear finite element analysis were carried out. Single span curved girders were chosen for analysis based on current domestic bridge data with 1-6 of solid intermediate diaphragms, 0-30 degree of subtended angle, 30m and 60m of span length and 2-3m of flange width and web height. The adequate spacing of diaphragms for the box girder were suggested considering subtended angles and bending and distortional warping normal stress ratios with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The analysis results were also compared to a current design standard and suggested spacing of diaphragm were evaluated.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.239-249
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• 2006

Interoperability has been deemphasized from the hospital information system in general, because it is operated independently of other hospital information systems. This study proposes a future-oriented hospital information system through the design and actualization of the HL7 clinical document architecture. A clinical document is generated using the hospital information system by analysis and designing the clinical document architecture, after we defined the item regulations and the templates for the release form and radiation interpretation form. The schema is analyzed based on the HL7 reference information model, and HL7 interface engine ver.2.4 was used as the transmission protocol. This study has the following significance. First, an expansion and redefining process conducted, founded on the HL7 clinical document architecture and reference information model, to apply international standards to Korean contexts. Second, we propose a next-generation web based hospital information system that is based on the clinical document architecture. In conclusion, the study of the clinical document architecture will include an electronic health record (EHR) and a clinical data repository (CDR), and also make possible medical information-sharing among various healthcare institutions.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2010

GPM(Generic Product Model) developed by Hitachi in Japan is a common data model to integrate and share life cycle data of nuclear power plants. GPM consists of GPM core model, an abstract model, implementation language for the model and reference library written in the language. GPM core model has a feature that it can construct a semantic network model consisting of relationships among objects. Initial GPM developed and provided GPML as an implementation language to support the feature of the core model, but afterwards the GPML was replaced by GPM-XML based on XML to achieve data interoperability with heterogeneous applications accessing a GPM data model. However, data models written in GPM-XML are insufficient to be used as a semantic network model for lack of studies which support GPM-XML and enable the models to be used as a semantic network model. This paper proposes OWL as the implementation language for GPM core model because OWL can describe ontologies similar to semantic network models and has an abundant supply of technical standards and supporting tools. Also, OWL which can be expressed in terms of RDF/XML based on XML guarantees data interoperability. This paper uses OWL DL, one of three sublanguages of OWL, because it can guarantee complete reasoning and the maximum expressiveness at the same time. The contents of this paper introduce the way how to overcome the difference between GPM and OWL DL, and, base on this way, describe how to convert the reference library written in GPML into ontologies based on OWL DL written in RDF/XML.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.49-63
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the trend in treating fracture with acupuncture and to evaluate the quality of case reports. Methods All case reports of fractures treated with acupuncture were extracted from four Korean web databases. We classified these studies by five fracture sites and investigated frequently used meridian and acupoint, outcome measurements, treatment period. And we assessed the quality of the case reports by the STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines. Results A total of 33 case reports were included. The outcome measurements were divided into six categories, and the outcome measurements used in more than three studies showed improvement in patient symptoms. The mainly used meridians for each fracture site were as follows: chest and abdomen (GB, LR, CV), back (BL, GB), upper limb (LI, TE), lower Limb (GB, ST, BL, SP). The most commonly used acupoints for each fracture site were as follows: chest and abdomen (Ashi points, GB24, GB25, GB26, LR13, LR14, CV16, CV17, CV18, CV19), back (BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL51, BL52, BL60, GB34), upper limb (LI4, LI10, LI11, TE3), lower limb (GB34, GB40). According to the STRICTA guidelines, more than 54.54% of the reports were found to be 'not reported' or 'not sufficient' in the following categories: 'response sought', 'description of participating acupuncturist', and 'number of needle insertions per subject per session'. Conclusions The meridians and acupuncture points frequently used for acupuncture treatment of fractures were near the fracture site. Future clinical studies involving acupuncture must be reported in accordance with the STRICTA guidelines to improve transparency and uniformity.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.413-429
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• 2021

Background: Migraine headaches are the second leading cause of disability worldwide and are responsible for significant morbidity, reduction in the quality of life, and loss of productivity on a global scale. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine on migraines and other primary headache disorders compared to placebo and other active interventions, such as midazolam, metoclopramide/diphenhydramine, and prochlorperazine/diphenhydramine. Methods: An electronic search of databases published up to February 2021, including Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, a hand search of the bibliographies of the included studies, as well as literature and systematic reviews found through the search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating ketamine in the treatment of migraine/headache disorders compared to the placebo. The authors assessed the risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook guidelines. Results: The initial search strategy yielded 398 unduplicated references, which were independently assessed by three review authors. After evaluation, this number was reduced to five RCTs (two unclear risk of bias and three high risk of bias). The total number of patients in all the studies was 193. Due to the high risk of bias, small sample size, heterogeneity of the outcomes reported, and heterogeneity of the comparison groups, the quality of the evidence was very low. One RCT reported that intranasal ketamine was superior to intranasal midazolam in improving the aura attack severity, but not duration, while another reported that intranasal ketamine was not superior to metoclopramide and diphenhydramine in reducing the headache severity. In one trial, subcutaneous ketamine was superior to saline in migraine severity reduction; however, intravenous (I.V.) ketamine was inferior to I.V. prochlorperazine and diphenhydramine in another study. Conclusion: Further double-blind controlled studies are needed to assess the efficacy of ketamine in treating acute and chronic refractory migraines and other primary headaches using intranasal and subcutaneous routes. These studies should include a long-term follow-up and different ketamine dosages in diagnosed patients following international standards for diagnosing headache/migraine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.457-467
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• 2018

Currently, the regulation and rules for public surveying and the UCPs (Unified Control Points) adapts those of the triangulated traverse surveying. In addition, such regulations do not take account of the unique characteristics of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) surveying, thus there are difficulties in field work and data processing afterwards. A detailed procesure of GNSS processing has not yet been described either, and the verification of accuracy does not follow the generic standards. In order to propose an appropriate procedure for field surveys, we processed a short session (30 minutes) based on the scenarios similar to actual situations. The reference network in Seoul was used to process the same data span for 3 days. The temporal variation during the day was evaluated as well. We analyzed the accuracy of the estimated coordinates depending on the parameterization of tropospheric delay, which was compared with the 24-hr static processing results. Estimating the tropospheric delay is advantageous for the accuracy and stability of the coordinates, resulting in about 5 mm and 10 mm of RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) for horizontal and vertical components, respectively. Based on the test results, we propose a procedure to estimate the daily solution and then combine them to estimate the final solution by applying the minimum constraints (no-net-translation condition). It is necessary to develop a web-based processing system using a high-end softwares. Additionally, it is also required to standardize the ID of the public control points and the UCPs for the automatic GNSS processing.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.391-403
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• 2023

Purpose: This study evaluated the validity of a physical activity classification table (PACT) based on total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in Korean adults and the elderly. Methods: A total of 141 (male 70, female 71) adults and elderly were included. The reference standards TEE_DLW, PAL_DLW were measured over a 14-day period using DLW. A 24-hour physical activity diary was kept for three days (two days during the week and one day on the weekend). PAL_PACT was calculated by classifying the activity type and intensity using the PACT. PAL_PACT was multiplied by resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry to estimate TEE_PACT. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 50.5 ± 18.8 years, and the mean body mass index was 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m². A comparison of TEE_DLW and TEE_PACT by sex and age showed no significant differences. The bias, the difference between TEE_DLW and TEE_PACT, was male 17.3 kcal/day and female -4.5 kcal/day. The percentage of accurate predictions (values within ± 10% of the TEE_DLW) of TEE_PACT was 58.6% in males and 54.9% in females, with the highest prediction values in the age group 40-64 years (70.9%) in males and over 65 years (73.9%) in females. The spearman correlation coefficient (r) between TEE_PACT and TEE_DLW was 0.769, indicating a significant positive correlation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the use of a new PACT for calculating TEE and PAL was evaluated as valid. A web version of the software program and a smartphone application need to be developed using PACT to make it easier to apply for research purposes.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.171-181
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• 2018

As the proportion of sports events in the sports industry grows, the official sponsor market for sports events is also increasing. But because official sponsors are limited and expensive, some companies approach sporting events by way of Ambush marketing. This study is to analyze the differences of media exposure between official sponsors and general companies of mega sport events. To accomplish the purpose of the study, we collected text articles and analyzed them from the period of 2016 Rio Olympics, one year before the Olympics and one year after the Olympics. Web crawling was performed using Python for the collection of articles. Morphological and frequency analysis was performed using the KoNLP package and the TM package of statistical program R. In addition, the opinions of the related experts group were gathered to classify the companies or organizations in the media as the Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games(OCOGs), official sponsor, and general companies. As a result of the analysis, 5,220 times appeared related to the OCOGs, 7,845 times appeared related to the official sponsor, and 7,028 times appeared related to general companies. There isn't much difference in the frequency of exposure between official sponsors and general companies. It implies that Ambush marketing is recognized as a strategic marketing technique. The International Olympic Committee(IOC) has to recognize these social phenomena and establish reasonable standards for the marketing activities of official sponsors and general companies. And this study will serve as a basis for fair sponsor activities or marketing activities of sports events.