• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.296-304
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• 2015

The rapid increase in the number of climate disasters combined with the scale of change and the diversification of natural disasters require a radical solution. In particular, the urban space is more complex, therefore we need to establish measures for disaster response and how to react to damaged infrastructure based on the phenomenon of an increase in the urban population and the impermeable layer being extended. The social problems related to the economic burden of land purchase and the securing of a disaster prevention system can be solved simultaneously by introducing the park system for disaster reduction into the public land of the green space in the city. The local government has recently adapted diverse systems of disaster mitigation and carried out pioneer projects according to the guidelines for the construction of the urban park for disaster prevention published by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. The purpose of this study is to propose a composition model for neighborhood parks to prevent disaster through urban green spaces which has the functions of water management and biotope conservation. The result of this study will contribute to utilize the climate change adaptation model for living area neighborhood parks in the existing urban structure.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.173-187
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• 2017

Heavy metals, such as vanadium, are some of the most toxic types of water contaminants. In this study, vanadium was removed using a new composite adsorbent called BAZLSC. The impacts of pH and initial concentration of vanadium(V) on the elimination effectiveness of this metal by using BAZLSC were investigated in the first step of the study. Vanadium removal increased as pH increased to 3-3.5, and initial concentration increased to 60-70 mg/L. The removal efficiency then decreased. Central composite design and response surface methodology were employed to examine experimental data. Initial concentration of V ($mg.L^{-1}$), pH, and dosage of adsorbent (g/L) were the independent factors. Based on RSM, the removal effectiveness of vanadium was 86.36% at the optimum of initial concentration (52.69 mg/L), pH (3.49), and adsorbent dosage (1.71 g/L). Also adsorption isotherm investigations displayed that the Freundlich isotherm could explain vanadium adsorption by BAZLSC better than the Langmuir isotherm. Beside them, desorption studies showed sorption was slightly diminished after six continuous cycles.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2017

It is important to estimate the future maintenance budget of all SOC infrastructure at the national strategic level. In this study, Based on a currently available statistics data, we predicted future maintenance investment for all SOC infrastructure in Korea. We have studied the applicable prediction models, and we developed the prediction models that can calculated the future maintenance cost by a real expenditure date. The subjects of facilities are bridges, tunnels, pavements, harbors, dams, airports, water supply, rivers and port. As a result of total estimated cost, eight types of SOC infrastructures are about 23 trillion won for the next 10years, and the most expensive facilities are road pavements and bridges.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2018

After the North-South Korean summit and PyeongChang Winter Olympics, it is recently expected that the North-South economic cooperation plan will be discussed in earnest. And it will be growing interest of the major infrastructure facilities such as roads and railways, and so on North-South Korean. Moreover, most of North Korean facilities have problems related to the safety and functionality of them such as aging, deterioration, and poor maintenance. This study asserts the necessity and importance of infrastructure maintenance in the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, Results of this study, it is appeared that very vulnerable to road, railroad, power/communication, water sewage and needed urgently for improvement. Accordingly, The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status for the whole facilities including the main infrastructure of the North Korean and to evaluate on the maintenance level of infrastructure based on face to face interview refugees of North Korean.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2022

Soil moisture is significantly related to crop growth and plays an important role in irrigation management. To predict soil moisture, various process-based model has been developed and used in the world. Various models (Land surface model) may have different performance depending on the model parameters and structures that causes the different model output for the same modeling condition. In this study, the three land surface models (Noah Land Surface Model, Soil Water Atmosphere Plant, Community Land Model) were used to compare the model performance (soil moisture prediction) and develop the multi-model simulation. At first, the genetic algorithm was used to estimate the optimal soil parameters for each model, and the parameters were used to predict soil moisture in the study area. Then, we used the multi-model approach based on Bayesian model averaging (BMA). The results derived from this approach showed a better match to the measurements than the results from the original single land surface model. In addition, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the single model and utilizing multi-model methods can help to increase the accuracy of soil moisture prediction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

Most urban water management systems are becoming vulnerable to flooding and drought due to the climate change (CC), urbanization and energy shortage. Despite of poor water management circumstances caused by extremely uneven annual rainfall and hilly terrain, traditionally we have made a sound and sustainable life based on our own philosophy and technologies which copes with our rigid environment. In this study a new paradigm of rainwater management is suggested and multipurpose and creative rainwater harvesting and management (RWHM) systems are introduced providing several case studies such as rainfall storage drainage (RSD) system, rainwater infiltration facilities and star city RWHM system. This new RWHM paradigm leads Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) in the Republic of Korea to change regulations and politics for the integrated RWHM. Finally, RWHM is expected to improve the safety, efficiency, energy consumption of urban water infrastructure, to reduce urban heat island phenomenon and, furthermore, to contribute in finding solutions for worldwide water issues and to adapt CC.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.725-736
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• 2016

There is a growing concern on the improvement of water distribution pipeline for multi-regional water supply system in Korea along with its aging infrastructure. Rehabilitation of large diameter pipeline is more efficient in cost and time compared to replacement with trenching. The procedure for rehabilitation are diagnosis, cleaning, spraying coating material, and final inspection. The internal state of pipeline was carefully diagnosed and got C grade, which required rehabilitation. We found that 17,274,787,000 Korean won could be saved after pipe surface coating because of increased C coefficient of Hazen-Williams equation. Optimal coating material was D polyurea. We also found optimal distance between spraying nozzle and pipe wall to be 70 - 80 cm, which were critical factors for coating quality. This study also illustrated the time for spray drying to be more than 30 min. These results could be used in the quality control process during rehabilitation of aged pipelines.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.190-190
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• 2016

The Water, Energy, and Food (WEF) nexus is an emerging concept for sustainable resources planning and management. The three valuable resources are inevitably interconnected, that is, it takes water to produce energy; it takes energy to extract, treat, and distribute water; and both water and energy are required to produce food. Although it is challenging to fully understand the complicated interdependency, a few studies have been devoted to interpret the concept and develop the assessment tools. The tools were mainly developed for nation-wide simulations without considering inter-basin or inter-state resources trade. This study tries to present an idea to develop and implement the WEF nexus simulation model in regional scale by advancing the existing nation-wide model with additional capability to simulate the inter-basin trade. This simulation could help local planners and engineers to determine optimal policies and infrastructure solutions to reach and ensure local demand satisfaction. The simulation model is implemented in hypothetical areas with different conditions of WEF demands and supplies. Although the inter-basin trade scenarios are simulated manually, it shows that the inter-basin resources trade could enhance the resources security for a longer time period. In future, an optimization model might be developed to provide the automatic calculation to reach optimum amount of WEF for the trade, which can be a helpful tool in decision making process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.284-287
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• 2022

In order to respond to the complexity and uncertainty of water management due to the climate crisis, K-water established a digital twin water management platform based on our experience in operating ICT infrastructure such as hydrological data sensing and high-quality data management and water management capabilities. In this platform, data from related organizations and real-time observation data in the basin are displayed on 3D topographic domain. Also it is configured to support optimal decision-making through simulation for various situations, displaying and analyzing results, and feedback on them. It is completed to establish the platform for Sunjim river basin. Based on this technologies and experience, K-water is planning to expand this digital twin to 5 major rivers in Korea. Through this, it plans to build comprehensive decision-making system for efficient water management considering various conditions in entire basin. Also it aims to create a new water industrial ecosystem and contribute to secure technological competitiveness cooperating with private companies.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.182-188
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• 2016

This study evaluated structural alternatives for managing water quality problems by reinterpreting and then applying the robustness-cost index (RCI) for urban flood problems. Cases of endogenous hormone pollution in treated sewage and proliferation of protozoa in intake-water were chosen as representative examples because they have different types of regulation standards for the treatment. Current facilities and structural alternatives with robustness indices (RIs) greater than unity were determined to be robust. The RI was combined with the cost index (CI) to obtain the RCI values. For the endogenous hormone pollution in treated sewage, a human-oriented estrogen $17{\beta}$-estradiol was selected as a target pollutant. The RI and RCI values for a structural alternative, extension of the current sewage treatment facility for advanced treatment, were greater than the values for the current practice of conventional activated sludge process. For the intake-water pollution by protozoa, UV and ozone disinfection facilities were evaluated for inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum. The RCI values for ozone disinfection were greater than those for UV disinfection. Based on the results and the logics involved in the calculation of RCI for water quality issues we studied, we proposed procedures for establishing and implementing structural alternatives for the restoration from and prevention of outbreaks of water quality problems.