• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1033-1040
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• 2009

One thing to note in cyclone operation and design is to minimize the pressure drop with the enhancement of the efficiency of dust collection. This can be facilitated by the detailed resolution of complex fluid flow occurring inside a cyclone. To this end, the main objective of this study was to obtain the detailed fluid dynamics by the development of a reliable computation method and thereby to figure out the physics of dust collection mechanism for more extreme environment caused by high temperature and pressure condition. First of all, the computer program developed was evaluated against experimental result. That is, the numerical calculation predicts well the data of experimental pressure drop as a function of flow rate for the elevated pressure and temperature condition employed in this study. The increase of pressure and temperature generally affects significantly the collection efficiency of fine particle but the effect of pressure and temperature appears contrary each other. Therefore, the decrease of collection efficiency caused by the high operating temperature mainly due to the decrease of gaseous density can be remedied by increase of operating pressure. After the evaluation of the program, a series of parametric investigations are performed in terms of major cyclone design or operating parameters such as tangential velocity and vortex finder diameter for dusts of a certain range of particle diameters, etc. As expected, tangential velocity plays the most important effect on the collection efficiency. And the efficiency was not affected significantly by the change of the length of vortex finder but the diameter of vortex finder plays an important role for the enhancement of collection efficiency.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1957-1962
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to perform the numerical investigation of flow characteristics in static mixers. Simulations are carried out for mixers consisting of up to six Kenics and PPM elements placed end-to-end at an angle of $90^{\circ}$and for a range of Reynolds number($1{\leq}Re{\leq}100$). The pressure drop across a six-element Kenics mixer is computed and compared with the previous experimental correlations. The results are in good agreement with the previous correlations. The simulated flow field of Kenics mixer is extremely complex and contains regions of transverse flow that is dominated by the interaction of vortices produced by the mixer elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.46-51
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• 2011

This study result is obtained by flow analysis according to opening and shutting angle of ball valve. As opening and shutting angle becomes larger, vortex flow becomes smaller and flow rate becomes increased. And the pressure drop is shown to be smaller at the inlet and outlet of ball. As this angle becomes larger, mass flow rate becomes increased. Its rate becomes increased abruptly in case of opening and shutting angle at more than $60^{\circ}$.This analysis result can be applied usefully with no leak at pipe system field by the optimum control of mass flow rate according to opening and shutting of ball valve.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2006

The structural and contamination characteristics of hot cells at KAERI were investigated. The SEM results showed that the size of the hot particulate on the inner surface of the hot cell ranged from 0.2 to $10{\mu}m$. It was found that an inlet flow rate of 15 m/sec was suitable for this developed cyclone with a 49 mm optimum vortex finder length. The results showed that the collection efficiency was about 85% for $3{\mu}m$ particles. The collection efficiency didn't show a sharp increase when the inlet flow rate was faster than 15m/sec. When the temperature of the inlet flow gas was increased, the collection efficiency of the cyclone was slightly decreased. The larger the vortex finder length was, the higher the pressure drop in the cyclone was. The cut size diameter decreased with an increment of the Reynolds number. It was established that the flow in the cyclone was a turbulent flow on the basis of the Reynolds number and this turbulent flow caused a pressure drop in the cyclone. $Stk^{1/2}_{50}$ decreased with increasing values of the Reynolds number and it gradually approached a constant value at a higher value of the Reynolds number Namely, $Stk^{1/2}_{50}$ approached approximately 0.045 between 6000 and 8000 of the Reynolds number.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2008

A plate type supporting structure of a tube bundle in axial flow generates a certain band of a high frequency periodic excitation of a vortex shedding and/or a flow separation due to sharp edge of the plate thickness and a severe pressure drop due to a cross-sectional area of the supports. With a design consideration of the low vibration and a small flow resistance, the analysis method is uniquely confined to an experimental approach because a complex geometry of a cylindrical tube bundle and/or physical phenomena related to the fluid-structure interaction of tube bundle in a flow impede a theoretical or a numerical approach. A 5x5 cylindrical tube bundle with 5 supports which were discretely located along the bundle's axis was tested in the FIVPET hydraulic test loop for a design evaluation and an analysis perspectives. A high frequency flow-induced vibration of the supporting structures of the cylindrical tube bundle was measured at a outer surface of a supporting structure through a transparent flow housing by the laser dopper vibrometer. Pressure drop in-between three measurement distances was measured by the differential pressure transmitter. High frequency vibration and pressure drop fairly depends on the geometric design of supporting structure. So, these two parameters would be used as a qualitative design variables for design evaluation and analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.6 s.249
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• pp.505-513
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• 2006

The pressure drop characteristics in a rotating two-pass duct with rib turbulators are investigated in the present study. Three ducts of different aspect ratios (W/H=0.5, 1.0 and 2.0) are employed with a fixed hydraulic diameter ($D_h$) of 26.7 mm. $90^{\circ}$-rib turbulators with $1.5mm{\times}1.5mm$ cross-section are attached on the leading and trailing surfaces. The pitch-to-rib height ratio (p/e) is 1.0. The distance between the tip of the divider and the outer wall of the duct is 1.0 W. The thickness of divider wall is 6.0 mm o. 0.225 $D_h$. The Reynolds number (Re) based on the hydraulic diameter is kept constant at 10,000 and the .elation number (Ro) is varied from 0.0 to 0.2. As duct aspect ratio increases, high friction factor ratios show in overall regions. The reason is that the rib height-to-duct height ratio (e/H) increases, but the divider wall thickness-to-duct width ($t_d/W$) decreases. The rotation of duct produces pressure drop discrepancy between the leading and trailing surfaces. However, the pressure drop discrepancy of the high duct aspect ratio (AR=2.0) is smaller than that of the low duct aspect ratio (AR=0.5) due to the decrement of duct hight (H).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1653-1661
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• 2012

In this study, the pressure drop changes and structural characteristics of a SMART rod bundle under the effect of a coolant were investigated. The turbulence model of the BSL Reynolds stress model was used to model the coolant flow, and a fluid solid interaction simulation was conducted. First, fuel rod vibration analysis was performed to confirm the natural frequency of the fuel rod, which was supported by spacer grid assemblies, and this was compared with experimental results. From the experimental results, the natural frequency was found to be 48 Hz, and the error compared with the simulation results was 2%. The pressure drop at the rod bundle was calculated and compared with the experimental data; it showed an error of 8%, demonstrating the simulation accuracy. In the flow analysis, the flow velocity and secondary flow at different domains were calculated, and vortex generation was also observed. Finally, through the fluid solid interaction analysis, the fuel rod displacements caused by flow-induced vibrations were calculated. Then, calculated displacement PSD at maximum displacement happed point.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

A numerical study of the flow characteristics inside a U-type circular tube is carried out in this paper. The numerical simulations carried out by using a Navier-Stokes code which is commercially available. Before detailed numerical simulations, validation of present numerical approach is made by comparing numerical solutions with experimental data. Numerical simulations are performed to study the effect of curvature on the flow characteristics inside a U-type tube. Numerical solutions show that a significant effect on the secondary flow structure in the cross section of the tube, especially in the curved section is shown when the curvature ratio, ratio of curvature to tube diameter, is smaller than about 3.5. As the curvature ratio decreases below 3.5, a counter rotating vortex is found below the primary vortex in the cross section of the tube. Another dramatic change of the flow structure is the formation of streamwise separation zone when the curvature ratio is decreased below 1.25.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.21-24
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• 2012

Although the motion of the three-phase contact line on a solid substrate has been extensively studied thus far, the understanding of the dynamics of the contact line of liquid/liquid/gas phases is far from complete. Here we deposit a drop of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) on water and HFE-7100 whose free surfaces are exposed to air to observe the flow field around the contact line. By combining the shadowgraph and high-speed imaging techniques, we find that vortices are spontaneously generated at the contact line, which grow in size with time. The flow is attributed to the Marangoni stress that pulls a liquid of lower-surface tension toward a liquid surface having a higher surface tension. However, it is not still clear why the entrained lower-surface-tension liquid should whirl rapidly beneath the contact line. We also visualize the flow by the particle image velocimetry (PIV) to find out that the rotational velocity reaches the order of 1 mm/s near the free surface.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.105-114
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• 2009

A numerical study of the flow characteristics inside a U-type circular tube is carried out in this paper. The numerical simulations carried out by using a Navier-Stokes code which is commercially available. Before detailed numerical simulations, validation of present numerical approach is made by comparing numerical solutions with experimental data. Numerical simulations are performed to study the effect of curvature on the flow characteristics inside a U-type tube. Numerical solutions show that a significant effect on the secondary flow structure in the cross section of the tube, especially in the curved section is shown when the curvature ratio, ratio of curvature to tube diameter, is smaller than about 3.5. As the curvature ratio decreases below 3.5, a counter rotating vortex is found below the primary vortex in the cross section of the tube. Another dramatic change of the flow structure is the formation of streamwise separation zone when the curvature ratio is decreased below 1.25.