• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1294-1302
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• 2008

Talk-Back systems comprised of master-equipment at the control room and slave-equipment at turnouts refer to the intercommunication facilities that optimize mutual communication between maintenance staff on trackside and the control room to facilitate quickness and accuracy of train operation control and its maintenance within depot and on mainlines with turnouts for direction switching of the trains in operation. The weakness lies in additional maintenance costs of cables since the Talk-Back system installed on line 1 along with line 2-4 has a profound effect on the voice quality leading to the attenuation and crosstalk of the system due to the deterioration of cables and environmental factors. This paper discusses the Talk-Back system in a radio communication environment with the application of RF(Radio Frequency) communication system from the wire communication system by cables to ameliorate these problems, and deals with the energy saving environmentally friendly facilities in consideration of replacing power section at salve-equipment with solar batteries benefitting the system in light of energy consumption.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.522-532
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop case-based self-learning multimedia contents for preventing malpractice that frequently occurred among nurses working in the operating room. Methods: Based on the learning needs of operating room nurses, real case reports, and literature reviews, the case-based multimedia learning contents were developed according to the instructional design procedure. The assessment of learning needs was performed by the combination of surveys using structured questionnaire and of interviews for 40 operating room nurses. Results: The learning contents included four learning modules with real malpractice cases from the areas of operating preparation, nursing skills during operation, environmental management of operating room, and patient safety and observation-related. The 80 minute long case-based multimedia learning contents were finally developed after content validity tests from clinical experts. Each module contained photos, sounds and flash animation with voice recording on the contents of nursing error cases and standardized protocols. Conclusion: The developed multimedia learning contents based on real error cases in this study can be utilized as an educational hands-on training materials for nurses to prevent malpractice in the operating room.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.145-157
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• 2022

The design of safe and economical structures depends on the reliable live load from load survey. Live load surveys are traditionally conducted by randomly selecting rooms and weighing each item on-site, a method that has problems of low efficiency, high cost, and long cycle time. This paper proposes a deep learning-based method combined with Internet big data to perform live load surveys. The proposed survey method utilizes multi-source heterogeneous data, such as images, voice, and product identification, to obtain the live load without weighing each item through object detection, web crawler, and speech recognition. The indoor objects and face detection models are first developed based on fine-tuning the YOLOv3 algorithm to detect target objects and obtain the number of people in a room, respectively. Each detection model is evaluated using the independent testing set. Then web crawler frameworks with keyword and image retrieval are established to extract the weight information of detected objects from Internet big data. The live load in a room is derived by combining the weight and number of items and people. To verify the feasibility of the proposed survey method, a live load survey is carried out for a meeting room. The results show that, compared with the traditional method of sampling and weighing, the proposed method could perform efficient and convenient live load surveys and represents a new load research paradigm.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2648-2653
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• 2003

This paper describes the development of a 3-DOF laparoscopic assistant robot system with motor-controlled bending and zooming mechanisms using the voice command motion control and auto-tracking control. The system is designed with two major criteria: safety and adaptability. To satisfy the safety criteria we designed the robot with optimized range of motion. For adaptability, the robot is designed with compact size to minimize interference with the staffs in the operating room. The required external motions were replaced by the bending mechanism within the abdomen using flexible laparoscope. The zooming of the robot is achieved through in and out motion at the port where the laparoscope is inserted. The robot is attachable to the bedside using a conventional laparoscope holder with multiple DOF joints and is compact enough for hand-carry. The voice-controlled command input and auto-tracking control is expected to enhance the overall performance of the system while reducing the control load imposed on the surgeon during a laparoscopic surgery. The proposed system is expected to have sufficient safety features and an easy-to-use interface to enhance the overall performance of current laparoscopy.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.116-123
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• 2003

These days, the researches related with the emotional robots are actively investigated and in progress. And human language, expression, action etc. are merged in the emotional robot to understand the human emotion. However, there are so many sound sources and background noise around the robot, that the robots should be able to separate the mixture of these sound sources into the original sound sources, moreover to understand the meaning of voice of a specific person. Also they should be able to turn or move to the direction of a specific person to observe his expression or action effectively. Until now, the researches on the localization and separation of sound sources have been so theoretical and computative that real-time processing is hardly possible. In this reason for the practical emotional robot, fast computation should be realized by using simple principle. In this paper the methods for detecting the direction of sound sources by using the phase difference between peaks on spectrums, and the separating the sound sources by using fundamental frequency and its overtones of human voice, are proposed. Also by using these methods, it is shown that the effective and real-time localization and separation of sound sources in living room are possible.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.2211-2217
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose the speech enhancement algorithm using an one-microphone in a reverberant room environments. Spectral subtraction is the effective method which can reduce the reverberation element and the noise in a spectrum domain. Spectral subtraction needs correct separation of voice section and silent section therefore to improve the performance, voice activity detection(VAD) based on entropy has been applied to the proposed method. We test a performance of the proposed method by comparing with conventional method which used VAD based on energy detection. Reverberation reduction ratio with variable of SNR and a reverberation time is used as a test index. From the simulation result, proposed method shows performance better than conventional method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1028-1031
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• 2004

Last target of architectural acoustics is that people wish to convey voice effectively from the space adaptively in use purpose in building. But, to how exactly through space sound source that wish to deliver from indoor can be passed does quantification sound estimation method is proposing various kinds physical parameter to estimate degree of voice definition (Speech articulation) and reverberation. Result that evaluate sound source about MLS signal and Impluse signal by pistol in this treatise could know that converge in MLS and measurement error extent about reverberation time(RT) of sound benevolent person. And value is thought there is problem showing change irregularly about sound benevolent person of D50, C80 etc. Finally, in case is spread sound field in difference of sound pressure level, when measure about change of sound pressure level, sound benevolent person could know that there is no different effect.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 2001

This study was performed to find out the differences between noise levels of hospital wards and the nurses efforts for noise management in some general hospitals. The hospital wards selected were the intensive care unit(ICU), the emergency room(ER), the nursery room(NR), the internal medicine(IM), the general surgery(GS) among the 5 general hospitals located in Seoul. The data were collected from August 3 to September 13, 1999 through questionnaire survey and noise measurement in each nursing station of hospital wards. Data analysis was done by SPSS 8.0 package among the 305 questionnaires and 24 hours monitored noise levels. Frequency, Chi-square and ANOVA test were used. The study results were as belows: 1. The noise level measured by 24 hours monitoring survey were exceeded on the standard limit in all the hospital wards. Data also showed that noise levels were significantly different in each ward among the three shifts working duties. 2. The subjects were all female nurses. They were mostly working in the ICU ward(28.9%). They were 26~30 years old (43.9%), junior college graduates(57.0%), working for 1~5 years(55.1%) as staff-nurse(85.6%). There were no significant differences between hospital wards and general characteristics of nurses. 3. The noise levels perceived by nurses were regarded as 'Highly noisy'(56.4%), especially during the 11:30 and 15:30 (30.2%) o'clock. Data also showed that noise education was not ever given to nurses(89.9%). Nurses also responded that they hardly put an effort to reduce noise level(54.8%). However, there were significant differences between wards and noisy working time, experience of noise education and level of effort for noise reduction. 4. Nurses also perceived the ventilator alarm and EKG-alarm as the most disturbing sounds in the ICU, human voice and telephone ringing in the ER, human voice and EKG-alarming in the NR, human voices and telephone ringing in IM and GS both wards respectively in order. There were significant differences between hospital wards and noise making factors. 5. Nurses were shown that they regarded highly 'Sound reduction of the human voice', 'Careful handling on medical instruments', and 'Immediate appliances on alarming materials' as the practical method for noise management. There were significant differences between hospital wards and behavioral practical efforts for noise management. According to that results, the statistical differences were shown in the 24 hour monitored noise levels in each ward. Also, nurses perceived the noise severity differently and they approached variously on the practical efforts for noise reduction in each ward. Thus, author thinks that concrete and systematic endeavor will be necessary for noise reduction and management in hospitals for better working and healing environment for both of patients and staffs.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the contents of the sound environment among the various environmental factors that directly or indirectly affect the quality of education through the remodeling of the small hall of the College of Humanities at W University. Before remodeling into a lecture room, the small hall of the College of Humanities at W University, which is the subject of this study, was designed to create an indoor sound environment suitable for a lecture room by recognizing differences in acoustic performance between the performance halls that require adequate sound quality and the lecture rooms where the clarity of voice is important. Therefore, this study aimed to present examples of improved acoustic performance in lecture rooms by remodeling through the stages of measuring acoustic performance before remodeling, presentation of a change in finishing materials through sound simulation, and measurement of sound performance after remodeling. It is expected that this process can be used as an example of securing indoor acoustic performance suitable for educational space, such as lecture rooms, by changing the finishing materials.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.436-440
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• 2008

Among those various facilities attached to the school building, the Auditorium is being utilized for not only the Exercise Activity but also for many purposes such as Culture, Public Performance, Education, Assembly and so on. In order to utilize in maximum such function of the multipurpose auditorium, an adequate acoustic design with regard to the Clarity of Voice and Music in accordance with its use-purpose should be accompanied. However, as the most part of multipurpose auditoriums is designed with high ceiling-height by its peculiar character, and due to use of the material of strong reflexibility, it is appearing the defect that excessively exposes the reverberation of sound. In order to make out an optimal acoustic condition within the broad space such as an auditorium, the acoustic characteristics must be considered from the planning stage, however in the most case, those acoustic problems are being settled through the repair works after construction. On such viewpoint, this Study intends to analyze the room acoustic characteristics from the planning stage using a computer simulation based on the blueprint of multipurpose auditorium in S High School located in Gwangju. It is considered that the material analyzed in such way could be practically applied as a fundamental material enables to improve the acoustic capability when a similar broad space is planned hereafter.