• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 2009

The aim of the present study was to investigate the behavior and performance of male and female broiler chickens reared under three different colors of light (white, blue and red) in a 23L:1D of lighting program. Day-old broiler chicks were obtained and assigned to six pens (16 males and 16 females per pen). Two pens each were located in three different rooms in an environmentally controlled shed and received the different light colors. All birds received same husbandry conditions. After a 3-day adaptation to the light color, behavior observations (pecking, resting, standing and walking) were made on six focal birds per pen, representing the sex ratio, by direct visual scans for 120 minutes daily for five days a week throughout the 5-week study. Body weights and feed intake were recorded at weekly intervals. On days 19 and 33, welfare indicators (tonic immobility reaction on the 19 and 33 days old; gait scores, foot pad and hock burns scores on 33 days old) were determined. Light color had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the weight gain and feed intake of broilers, but significantly (P<0.05) influenced the feed conversion ratio. Birds receiving the blue light were more (P<0.05) efficient than those receiving white and red lights. Resting was observed to be the major behavior pattern, irrespective of sex or light color. During early growth, resting behavior tended to be lower in birds receiving red light. However, standing and walking behaviors tended to be higher in birds receiving red light in 4 to 18 day-old age and all of experimental periods, respectively. These data indicate that light color can influence broiler performance and behavior.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

This study finds out the aged consumers' needs on the developing elderly friendly and sensitive bathtub. This bathtub focuses on enhancement of multi-senses and enhancement of health, safety & convenience during bath. The enhancing multi-senses would have four functions; therapy with color and aroma, the massage with micro water bubbles, the visual and auditory with TV & cinema, and the auditory with music and radio. Also, enhancing others of bathtub would have seven functions; emergency bell, blood-pressure check system for health condition, water temperature indicator, keeping water warm, reading a book in that, and controlling of house entrance door and a getting the phone during bath. The aged consumers' needs find throughout a questionnaire survey, and 497 data was analyzed. The main results are as follow. They consider a full bath behavior as a healthcare. They have an intention to purchase or use the elderly and friendly bathtub, and they prefer using it in common facilities to using it at home. They highly need health related function of bathtub, which are massage (64.4%), blood-pressure check system (55.1%) and aroma therapy (45.7%). The emergency bell (67.0%), keeping water warm (62.2%), and water temperature indicator (49.7%), related to safety & information function of bathtub, are needed. Also, they think tolerance for error and low physical effort in bathtub design alternative, opening door and inside sitting support, to be important.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.204-220
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the levels of depression symptoms among the community elderlies and to reveal its related factors, specifically aimed at revealing psycho-social factors such as social support net-work, sense of self-esteem, state anxiety, interpersonal behavior trait and locus of control. Methods: The interviews were performed during the period from April 1st to June 30th, 2007 to the 790 elderlies in urban and rural areas. Results: The mean scores of depression (CES-D) among all subjects were 16.65±10.97(urban: 18.81±10.31, rural: 14.49±11.20) and they were higher in urban than rural. The level of depression symptoms was influenced by the variables of educational level, with or without spouse, bear for living expenses, sense of satisfaction in daily life. As for health related behaviors, they were influenced by the variables of with or without regular exercise. As for health status, they were influenced by the subjective health status, with or without disability of body, visual acuity, hearing ability, ability of food mastication, urinary incontinence, with or without help in activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). As for social support net-work and social activities, they were influenced by number of offspring, frequency of offspring contents, frequency of going out and activity of hobbies. As for psycho-social factors, they were influenced by sense of self-esteem, state anxiety and social support, especially, the level of depression symptoms was higher influenced by the variables of psycho-social factors than other variables. Conclusions: Lower of the level of depression symptoms among the community elderlies would require development and application of programs to keep under management psycho-social factors as well as looking for ways to promoting the present health status.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2011

Objectives : This study of oral health problems was conducted to 311 students in Special Schools in order to inquire into the state of their oral health behaviors, to find out the main obstacles against dental services, to secure dental reasonable basis for oral health promotion. Methods : A questionnaire survey was conducted in the Special School of the 311 students in the area of the metropolitan Seoul. By means of Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test, oral hygiene habits for each type of the subjects, the contents of dental care services, the prerequisites to improve oral health, were inquired. To evaluate the effects to the current oral health status of types of disability, 2-way ANOVA was practiced. Results : The handicapped with Visual impairment, mental retardation, multiplicity with disabilities, answered negatively in their own oral health status. 47.4% of the deaf can do brush for theirselves without the inconvenience, but in other types of disability they showed that they were helped by others. Subjects did not use the secondary oral hygiene necessaries because, except brain damage, almost of types of disability impeded the convenient use. 60 to 88.2 percent of the total respondents were the recent visitors to dental clinique within 1 year, and the most common motives of the visiting dentist, is a routine medical examination, their movements to the dentist in all types of disabilities, needed helps of others. Most of them received medical treatment at a private dentist, the handicapped preferred the private care and place(49.8%). Only in the case of the brain disorders, extremely much of the disabled answered that they were needed the preventive treatment, and the another cases of disability were largely needed the treatment of the decayed teeth. To improve the oral health of the people with disabilities, at the opening of the clinics and hospitals over a certain size, the mandatory medical facilities for the care of the disabled should be preceded and followed by the improvement of dental insurance system so as to reduce the burdens of the cost of dental care. Conclusions : The improvement of oral health policy for the disabled are needed inevitably: Development of secondary oral hygienic easy to use for the disabled, the building systems of medical dental hospital with the disabled facilities, by the improvement of the insurance system, the reduction of the burden of payments.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.516-523
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate dietary behaviors and consumption of health food in cancer patients. The subjects were 163 cancer patients recruited from the general hospital in Seoul, Korea. The data were obtained by the structured self administered questionnaire. The mean age of subjects was 51 years. Most of subjects didn't eat the visual fat of meat and chicken skin. The mealtime of the subjects was generally regular and most of subjects had breakfast. The subjects of this survey liked to eat foods with sweet taste but disliked to eat hot, salty and sour taste ones. The preference for fish, marine products and vegetables was high but that for instant foods and frying foods was very low. Most of subjects consumed the foods that is generally known as anticancer foods such as vegetables and fruits. On the other hand, most of subjects didn't intake butter, margarine, and frying foods that is known as risk factors of cancer. The majority of subjects$(84.7\%)$ consumed the health food The main reasons for taking health foods by subjects were to cure disease$(58.0\%)$, to prevent disease$(45.3\%)$, to supply nutrients$(39.3\%)$, to maintain the mental state$(12.7\%)$ and to recover fatigue$(10.7\%)$. Majority of subjects$(66.0\%)$ spent money more than 200,000 won/month to buy health foods. The purchasing channels of health foods by subjects were recommendation by family or friend$(64.0\%)$, by physician/pharmacist$(18.0\%)$ and by nutritionist or dietician(6.0), and advertisement through TV or radio$(12.0\%)$. The types of taking health foods of the subjects were vegetable extracted food$(60.0\%)$, mushrooms$(51.3\%)$, Lactobacillus food$(25.3\%)$, enzyme food$(22.6\%)$ calcium containing food$(20.0\%)$ and so on. The results of the current study show that although many cancer patients already practice healthy dietary behaviors, there is a substantial proportion who do not and most of cancer patients consume health foods.' Further intervention is needed to explore the effect of health foods in cancer patients

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.639-651
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined relationships among stress, stress coping strategies, and somatization in mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families in a rural area. Methods: Elderly mothers-in-law (n=227) living with foreign daughters-in-law completed a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were collected from April to August 2009. Questions related to stress (Visual Analog Scale, VAS), coping strategies (Coping Strategy Scale) for stress, and somatization (Symptom Check List 90, Revised). SPSS/WIN 12.0 program was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses. Results: Subjects had a moderate level of stress (5.03). There were significant differences in stress level according to age, educational level, religion, chronic disease, health status, number of children, agreement of an international marriage of her sons, satisfaction in living with a foreign daughter-in-law, and family conflict. Stress showed a significant positive correlation with offensive coping strategy, passive strategy, and somatization. Stress, offensive coping strategy, and passive coping strategy affected the level of somatization. Conclusion: In a family situation involving co-habitation of mother- and foreign daughter-in-law, increased stress experienced by the mother-in-law can lead to increased offensive and passive coping strategies, and increased somatization. More effective means of stress reduction are needed for mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.333-341
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• 1986

Several aspects including physical development, reflex acquistion, neuromotor development and learning behavior at Y water maze were compared at the progeny of rats fed low 91.2mg/kg diet) or adequate leves(22mg/kg diet 0 of pyridoxine during growth, gestation, lactation, and adult period. Physical development and development of reflexes (righting reflex, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis, palmar grasp, and startle reflex to sound) appeared different between control and deficient groups but not significantly. At the 2nd week, rats spent more time in supported standing during 6 minute period was longer in the control then the deficient groups. In the Y-water maze position reversal test, learning ability as judged by the number of errors was not different among three groups, but the rats in supplemented group(DC) reached the escape platform in significantly shorter time than the other two groups, which may suggest their emotional instability. In the visual discrimination test, the performance of rats from the supplemented group had the lower errors than the other groups on the early test days. but as the testing period progressed, the performance of rats in the supplemented group became inferior to those of the control and deficient groups. The performance of control group became superior to that of the deficient group.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

This study is the analysis of characteristics of hospital space for the holistic healing environment of children on the basis of the healing theory on emotion of Max L$\ddot{u}$scher and the healing theory on senses of Rudolf Steiner of the overseas children's hospitals. According to the theory of Rudolf Steiner, children make comprehensive advancement of physical, spirit and soul through the interaction of 12 senses. In addition, Max Luscher asserts that the psychological health can be maintained when the 4 emotional status in content, confidence, self-esteem and liberty make the balance. The 4 elements of Luscher have correspond with spatial expression elements for refuge, flow, prospect and void, and this is analyzed in conjunction with the eight kinds of behavior affordance of ying and yang (-, +) that helps our the advancement of 12 senses of Steiner. WORK & STUDY(+), REST(-), MOBILITY(+), VISUAL SEQUENCE(-), SOCIAL EXCHANGE(+), REFRESHMENT(-), COMMUNITY(+) and MEDITATION (-) would be the 8 kinds of behavioral affordances to make the healing environment as presented in this study and the case analysis for children's hospitals have been undertaken.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.275-281
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• 2024

Purpose: Various forms of distraction can have different effects on food intake. Distraction can draw attention away from the food being consumed and inhibit monitoring of food intake This study examined the effects of different levels of distraction on eating behaviors. Methods: The study was conducted using a repeated-measures design. The participants (10 males, 13 females) were served test meals (curry rice, 800 g) with the same volume at lunch for 4 weeks. The eating behaviors were analyzed during 4 distraction sessions: first session (without distraction), second session (audio distraction, radio), third session (audiovisual distraction, television), and fourth session (audiovisual distraction and hand-use, smartphone). The satiety ratings were measured using a 100 mm visual analog scale. Results: The participants consumed more food during the fourth session than during other sessions. In addition, the mealtime duration in the fourth session was longer than that in the other sessions (audiovisual distraction and hand-use, 13.74 minutes vs. without distraction, 10.36 minutes; audio distraction, 8.31 minutes; and audiovisual distraction, 9.61 minutes; p < 0.05). As the satiety ratings obtained before and after consumption of the test meals in each distraction session, participants felt significantly more satiated 30 minutes after consuming the test meal in the first session than they did in the other distraction sessions (without distraction, 84.23 mm vs. audio distraction, 76.07 mm; audiovisual distraction, 68.93 mm; and audiovisual distraction and hand-use, 74.70 mm; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Different levels of distraction can have different effects on eating behaviors and when distractions become diverse and selectable, food intake may be affected by distraction.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral health education feedback using $Qraycam^{TM}$. The middle school students 118 were divided into intervention group (59) and control group (59) subjects evaluated the dental plaque score using $Qraycam^{TM}$ after oral health education at baseline. Then, the $Qraycam^{TM}$ images view only sent to students and parents of the intervention group by text message. After 4 weeks both intervention group and control group were evaluated dental plaque by $Qraycam^{TM}$ re-taking. Then, they filled out the questionnaire. Both ${\Delta}R$ value and SPS(Simple Plaque Score) were statistically significant reduced in groups performed feedback(p<0.001). The oral health behavior, toothbrushing of intervention group was significantly higher compared to the control group(p<0.001). Also the importance of oral health was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group(p<0.001). The effect of dental plaque reducing, toothbrushing time and subjective oral health importance were higher in the intervention group who received feedback using $Qraycam^{TM}$ image. Therefore it was expected to be able to utilize $Qraycam^{TM}$ image as a visual feedback tool of oral health education.