• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.536-542
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• 1996

Water-based acrylic sizing agent(GSW-7000) was prepared by emulsion copolymerization for sizing polyester yarns. Ammonium salt version of the acrylic sizing agent offered greater abrasion resistance to weaving forces and water resistance for water jet loom. GSW-7000 exhibited proper viscosity for sizing, high penetration ability and excellent adhesion to polyester yarn. It was possible to reduce the size pick-up to 70~80% of ordinary solvent-based sizing agent due to excellent adhesive strength of GSW-7000.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 1998

This Study was performed to get the suitable oil dispersion agent by assessment of color strength of organic pigment in non-aqueous systems. Organic pigment is used as a color expression material with other body pigments in the make-up products. But occasionally aggregation or agglomeration occurs for the lack of affinity with medium, This function is the cause of disturbing homogeneous dispersion, and then bring about an instability of products. Our study, research of dispersion mechanism between the pigment and oil phase, has been executed to solve this problem, and find a oil dispersion agent having optimum dispersion condition. Generally dispersion is related to between the solid-liquid mutual properties and electrical phenomena associated with solid-liquid interface. This factor is determined to input energy, milling time, optical properties, particle size, rheological properties, etc. Ideal dispersion state is told that coloring primary solid particle is homogeneously dispersed in medium. Good dispersed colorants are strongly and clearly appeared. We are already known that the particle size of organic pigment, chemical properties and viscosity of medium, refractive index. Consequently We determine the affinity of medium and organic pigment by measuring of color strength in the same mechanical condition. UV-VISIBLE RECORDING SPECTRO PHOTOMETER is used for measuring apparatus. We can decided the dispersion level of oil dispersion agent by measuring absorbance of color strength in the visible range that diluted medium for colloid colorant particles.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.57-62
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• 1998

When lubricants is used under severe running conditions, their tribological characteristics are very important. We have studied the lubricating oil viscosity, kinds of additives and their amounts, and lubricating oil temperatures were changed. In order to study the effect of oil temperature on the wear of the surface, the temperature of the oil was changed for the same sample. Moreover, the temperatures of three kinds of oils which have very different viscosities at room temperature, were varied between 6$0^{\circ}C$ and 115$^{\circ}C$ while the oil viscosity was unchanged. It was shown from the test results that surface wear is not greatly affected by the amount of ZnDTP (Zinc dialkyl dithio phosphate) antiwear agent, but EP (Extreme pressure) additives are less effective against wear than ZnDTP additives. The viscosity of lubricating oil and its temperature greatly affect the wear of the surface. Combining all the wear data with those of the surface strength, it was observed that the higher the load, the wider the scratching of wear, and also in the case of the same running load, the lower the wear, the longer the life of the surface strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.29-36
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• 2002

High fluid concrete unlike OPC concrete is made with various material, and the phase of fresh concrete is considerably different. In order to understand fluidity phase and mix properties of high fluid concrete, concrete is required to access as suspension structure which consists of aggregate and paste. The focus of this paper is to analyze the test results and quantify the effect of mix proportions of molar and fineness modulus of ,and on the properties of fresh mortar. The effect of water-binder ratio, sand-binder ration, content; of ggbs (by mass of total cementitious materials), and various contents of water reducing agent on the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the mix is studied. Based on the experimental results, the following conclusion; can be drawn: (1) The mixing time needed (or high fluid mortar was approximately two times more than that of ordinary portland mortar. (2) The fluidity phase of mortar could be explained by yield stress of mix and the fluidity of mortar. (3) As the content of ggbs increased, yield stress of mortar was decreased and plastic viscosity of it was increased. (4) For the high fluid mortar, it was appeared that sand-binder ratio should be below 1.5.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.900-903
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• 2009

An oat gum was extracted from whole seeds of a drought harvested oat (Avena sativa). Oat gum presented a ${\beta}-glucan$ content of 65%(w/w) and an intrinsic viscosity of 141 mL/g. Gelling capability of oat gum at different concentrations was investigated. Gel hardness increased from 0.08 to 0.25 N as the oat gum concentration changed from 5 to 10%(w/v). Whippability, foam stability, emulsion stability, and reduced viscosity of oat gum at different pH were also investigated. Oat gum whippability was maximum at pH 7 (146%), while the higher foam and emulsion stability values were found at pH 9 (88 and 96%, respectively). The gum reduced viscosity increased from 715 to 958 mL/g as the pH changed from 7 to 9. Oat gum shows great potential as a gel forming, thickening, and stabilizing agent.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2005

Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal agent to inhibit most fungal pathogens. However, it is difficult for itraconazloe to be delivered by topical system due to its poor aqueous solubility. First, niosomes containing drug were prepared with span 60, cholesterol. tocopherol and poloxamer 407 as vesicle forming agents in an effort to increase solubility of itraconazole. And then prepared niosomes were dispersed in O/W creams (containing xanthan gum, glycerin, vaseline, glyceryl monostearate and $Cerix^{\circledR}-5$) or gels (containing xanthan gum and poloxamer 407). Both creams and gels were evaluated with respect to their rheological properties, in vitro permeation through excised skin of hairless mouse. Creams or gels containing niosome showed pseudoplastic flow and hysteresis loop. For both creams and gels, viscosity was increased with increasing the content of glycerine or vaseline and the content of gel forming polymer, respectively. In creams, the permeability of drug to skin was decreased with increasing the viscosity of cream. The permeability of drug was affected by pH as well as viscosity of gel. In vitro permeation test results demonstrated that cream formulations showed better permeability than gels. In conclusion, these results suggest that creams formulation containing niosome can be useful for the topical delivery of intraconazole.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2017

Purpose: Rice starch is known not to be suitable to Mook. Its gel is not hard and elastic enough and too sticky. This study investigated the effects of agar, carrageenan, and gelatin addition on low amylose rice flour paste and gel properties for making Mook. Methods: Angemi, low amylose rice, and Goamibyeo, intermediate amylose rice, were dry milled. The properties of Mook were determined by texture profile analysis (TPA), cold storage stability, and sensory acceptance. Results: Addition of agar and carrageenan increased cold paste viscosity, whereas addition of gelatin decreased cold paste viscosity while improving breakdown and setback viscosity. When 30% of gelling agents such as agar, carrageenan, and gelatin were added to low amylose rice, Angemi, Mook-like gels were formed. The hardness, adhesiveness, and springiness of gelling reagent-added Angemi Mook increased, whereas cohesiveness decreased, and fracturability was not observed. The addition of gelling agent decreased lightness and increased yellowness. Angemi Mook added with gelatin showed the best freeze-thaw stability while addition of agar and carrageenan increased syneresis. The carrageenan-added Angemi Mook was equal to Goamibyeo 100% Mook in all sensory acceptance properties without significant difference. Conclusion: Above results suggest that addition of carrageenan and gelatin to low amylose rice can be used to produce Mook with improved physical properties.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.369-369
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• 2003

Viscarin is a tradename given to viscosifying carrageenans manufactured by FMC BioPolymer. The suitability of Vis car ins as rheology agents in mild cleansing applications has been investigated. Rheological properties, foam volume and clarity were measured to determine the impact of including 1 % Viscarin on 10% solutions of the following surfactants: acylglutamate, cocoamidopropyl betaine, PEG-80 laurate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium lauryol sarcosinate. Viscosity, pseudoplasticity and thixotropy of Viscarin/surfactant solutions varied with surfactant type. In all cases, the addition of Viscarin substantially increased viscosity. For example, at a shear rate of 1 sol, all surfactant solutions had viscosities <0.1 Pa s while viscosities of Viscarin/surfactant solutions ranged from 10 to 60 Pa s. By comparison, a solution of 1 % Viscarin had a viscosity of 0.3 Pa s. Clarity of surfactant solutions decreased in all cases on the addition of Viscarin. However, it was found that by including a mild solubilizing surfactant, such as PEG 40 hydrogenated castor oil, crystal clarity could be maintained in Viscarin/surfactant solutions. Viscarin increased the foam volume of sodium lauryolsarcosinate solutions from 10 ml to 220 ml and had no impact on the foam volume of the other surfactants tested. These results were used to formulate a clear, ultra-mild foaming cleansing gel based on sodium lauryol sarcosinate and Viscarin without the need for a secondary, foam-boasting surfactant. A mild shampoo was also formulated. Both products have excellent skin-feel and are capable of suspending bubbles and solid inclusions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2003

This study deals with the estimation of material properties according to the construction condition for water-soluble rubberized asphalt waterproofing material of spray type. In this study, the waterproofing material property by the spray construction method is suggested by means of estimation its tensile performance and temperature dependency according to mix proportion ratio(4:1, 8:1), referenced viscosity and solid content (A:360cps, 76%, B:580cps, 79%, C:490cps, 70%), spray angle($30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$), and spray distance(30cm, 50cm, 70cm). The result of testing are as follows. (1) The mix proportion ratio of principal agent and hardener is 4:1. (2) The viscosity referenced and solid content are 490cps and 70%. (3) The spray angle referenced is $45.^{\circ}$ (4) The distance referenced from concrete surface to spray gun is 40~50cm.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2001

Acrylic quarternary polymers were synthesized to prepare high-solid coatings. Acrylic resins were synthesized by the radical polymerization of n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate. From the results of experiment on reaction condition to get high-solid acrylic resins with 70% solid content and viscosity of 1200cps, it was found that di-tert-amyl peroxide among the four types of initiators have lower viscosity and higher degree of conversion. The optinum initiator amount, chain transfer agent, reaction temperature and the dropping time were 5wt%, 4wt%, $150^{\circ}C$ and 5hrs, respectively.