• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate an efficient camera calibration method for vision-based head tracking. Tracking head movements is important in the design of an eye-controlled human/computer interface. A vision-based head tracking system was proposed to allow the user's head movements in the design of the eye-controlled human/computer interface. We proposed an efficient camera calibration method to track the 3D position and orientation of the user's head accurately. We also evaluated the performance of the proposed method. The experimental error analysis results showed that the proposed method can provide more accurate and stable pose (i.e. position and orientation) of the camera than the conventional direct linear transformation method which has been used in camera calibration. The results of this study can be applied to the tracking head movements related to the eye-controlled human/computer interface and the virtual reality technology.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.158-168
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• 2004

A technology roadmap was developed for haptic interface technologies to be applied to games. Haptic interface technologies are expected to play an important role in games to provide gamers with interaction and immersive perception in near future, even though haptic interface technologies have been less studied than other perception-related technologies with respect to games. Information on two types of haptic interfaces - portable and desktop - and their evolution processes were analyzed in terms of technological demands. Haptic feedback technologies to realize these demands were inspected with the time frame and haptic feedback technologies were derived using a technology tree. The technology roadmap of haptic interfaces in game was finally constructed by mapping the technological demands in time with game technology trends. The technology roadmap of haptic interfaces will have implications on developing haptic interfaces to be applied to many applications including virtual realities and games.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2000

In this paper, a controller design method is proposed for haptic interface considering transparency and robust stability. For this, a performance index for the transparency as performance measure is defined in the points of impedance matching and the optimal solution which is minimizing the performance index is obtained by solving H2 optimal problem. In haptic interface, the modeling uncertainties can be restricted to that of haptic device. To implement the robust stabilizing haptic controller to the uncertainties of haptic device, a robust stable condition using H$\infty$ norm from small gain theorem is proposed. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed haptic controller design scheme, numerical examples and experimental results are illustrated for virtual wall consisting of stiffness and damping factor.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.417-423
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• 2022

The present study proposed a new interface system for capsule endoscopy by using head mounted display (HMD) device, which can control the orientation of the capsule endoscope with electromagnetic actuator (EMA) system. The orientation information of the HMD user was detected by the gyroscope sensor built into the device and then calculated to as an angle increment using Unity Engine compiler. The measured angle changes from the HMD were converted to the current values of the corresponding coils to be changed in the EMA system. Two experiments were designed to measure the accuracy and the intuitiveness of the HMD interface system. In the angle accuracy measurement, the capsule endoscope driven by HMD interface system showed the averaged errors of 0.68 degrees horizontally and 1.001 degrees vertically for given test angles. In the intuitiveness measurement, HMD interface system showed 1.33 times faster manipulation speed rather than the joystick interface system. In this respect, the HMD interface system for capsule endoscopy was expected to improve the overall diagnostic environment while maintaining comfort of patients and clinicians.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2008

최근 전세계적으로 3차원 객체 모델(3D Object Model)을 활용하여 건설 프로젝트의 생애주기 동안 참여주체들이 효과적으로 정보를 공유하고 관리할 수 있도록 하는 가상건설시스템의 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 가상 공간에서 토목구조물의 해석 및 설계를 위하여 반드시 필요한 구조물의 3차원 객체모델과 구조해석 시스템과의 인터페이스 설계를 다루었다. 3D 객체모델 생성에 필요한 인관 매개변수모델링 기법과 구조물의 구조해석에 필요한 다양한 변수를 고려할 수 있는 제품계층구조(product breakdown structure, PBS) 구축 방안을 제시하였다. PBS 구성시 3D 객체 모델 정보로부터 구조 해석에 필요한 속성 정보만을 추출하여 해석 프로그램에 적용이 가능하게 하였으며, 협업작업에 의해 결정되는 여러 수치를 다시 객체정보로 추가 작업 없이 전달하여 3D 객체 모델과 연동되어 변화될 수 있는 인터페이스 프로그램 설계 방안을 제안하였다. 향후 이 연구의 결과를 기반으로 개발된 3D 객체모델과 구조해석 시스템의 인터페이스 프로그램이 가상건설 시스템 구현에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.712-722
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• 2018

This study investigates the merits of incorporating augmented reality in mobile games and proposes a mobile game application that combines augmented reality technology with gaming. The proposed study postulates that augmented reality technology can be employed for developing games on smartphones. The proposed application involves the implementation of a 3D virtual object in the real world by incorporating a target image. The proposed application also employs an intuitive interface with simplified manipulation based on touch, and allows players to collect and combine items for acquiring new items, thus making it elementary to pass the game stages. Furthermore, a ranking system has been introduced in the proposed application for enhancing the amusement factor of the game. The novelty of the proposed application lies in the fact that the virtual button function has been employed for combining physical and virtual objects while playing the game, without incorporating location-based services.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.106-109
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• 2000

The virtual reality - haptic device is developed for the purpose used in the work that human cannot approach and that need elaborate exercises. To render haptic, the total system is constituted master, haptic device, and slave, remote manipulator. Human operates the remote manipulator. Human operates the remote manipulator relying on the hapti devices and stereo graphic. And then the force and scene of the remote manipulator is fed-back from each haptic devices and virtual devices. The feedback information gets system gain exactly. The system gain provides the most exact haptic and virtual devices. The feedback information gets system gain exactly. The system gain provides the most exact haptic and scene to human by the location, the graphic rendering and the haptic rendering algorithm on real-time. In this research, 3D haptic device is developed for common usage and make human feel the haptic when human contacts virtual object rendered by computer graphic. The haptic device is good for tracing location and producing devices because of the row structure. Also, openGL and Visual Basic is utilized to the algorithms for haptic rendering. The haptic device of this research makes the interface possible not only with virtual reality but also with the real remote manipulator.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2010

기존 대다수의 가상모델하우스는 비몰입형태의 가상현실 기술을 사용하였기 때문에 키보드, 마우스와 같은 직접 입력방식의 장치로 컨트롤 하도록 되어 있다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 모델링을 기반으로 하는 가상모델하우스를 보편화된 웹캠을 통해 시선추적 기술을 이용하여 직접 데이터 입력 방식뿐만 아니라 간접적인 데이터 입력 방식을 구현하였다. 웹캠으로부터 입력받은 사용자의 영상데이터 내 동공 영역을 추출한 후 그레이 값을 비교하여 동공의 상대적인 움직임에 따라 포인터의 위치를 컨트롤하거나 장치의 입력과 관련된 이벤트 함수 일부를 호출하도록 하였다. 이러한 방식을 통해 사용자에게 네비게이션과 인터페이스의 편리성을 제공하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.618-632
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• 2010

This paper presents a novel approach to control the augmented reality (AR) objects robustly in a marker-less AR system by fingertip tracking and hand pattern recognition. It is known that one of the promising ways to develop a marker-less AR system is using human's body such as hand or face for replacing traditional fiducial markers. This paper introduces a real-time method to manipulate the overlaid virtual objects dynamically in a marker-less AR system using both hands with a single camera. The left bare hand is considered as a virtual marker in the marker-less AR system and the right hand is used as a hand mouse. To build the marker-less system, we utilize a skin-color model for hand shape detection and curvature-based fingertip detection from an input video image. Using the detected fingertips the camera pose are estimated to overlay virtual objects on the hand coordinate system. In order to manipulate the virtual objects rendered on the marker-less AR system dynamically, a vision-based hand control interface, which exploits the fingertip tracking for the movement of the objects and pattern matching for the hand command initiation, is developed. From the experiments, we can prove that the proposed and developed system can control the objects dynamically in a convenient fashion.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

임베디드 시스템 과목을 위한 실습 과제는 주로 임베디드 보드와 소프트웨어 개발 도구를 사용한 하드웨어 실습 키트로 진행된다. 하드웨어 실습 키트는 높은 초기 설치비용, 유지보수의 어려움, 산업계 발전에 비적응적 대처, 교육적 성과의 한계와 같은 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문은 임베디드 시스템 하드웨어 실습 키트의 단점을 극복할 수 있는 시뮬레이션 기반의 가상 실습 환경의 사용을 제안하고 가상 실습 키트의 설계 및 구축에 대하여 기술한다. 구축된 가상 실습 키트는 ARM 사의 ARMulator 환경에 기반을 두어 마이크로프로세서 시스템의 주요 하드웨어 IP들을 추가하고 주변장치들을 위한 사용자 인터페이스 모듈을 개발하여 구축되었다. 검증용 예제 프로그램을 이용하여 동작의 정확성을 확인하였으며 실시간 운영체제 실습도 가능하도록 MicroC/OS-II를 이식하였다.