• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1229-1238
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• 2023

Digital twin is a technology that creates a virtual space that replicates the real world and manages the real world efficiently by integrating the real and virtual spaces. The digital twin concept for water facilities is to effectively manage water pipes in the real world by implementing them in a virtual space and augmenting them to the interior space of the building. In the proposed method, the Unity 3D game engine is used to implement the application of digital twin technology in the interior of a building. The AR Foundation toolkit based on ARCore is used as the augmented reality technology for our Digital Twin implementation. In digital twin applications, it is essential to match the real and virtual worlds. In the proposed method, 2D image markers are used to match the real and virtual worlds. The Unity shader program is also applied to make the augmented objects visually realistic. The implementation results show that the proposed method is simple but accurate in placing water pipes in real space, and visually effective in representing water pipes on the wall.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.58 no.8
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• pp.505-512
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• 2020

With the fourth industrial revolution, digitization is accelerating in all healthcare areas. In the field of dentistry, active discussions on digital dental technologies are ongoing, with increasing interest from clinicians daily. Thus far, accuracy and efficiency have primarily been emphasized in digital dentistry, and interest in occlusion has been relatively low. This is because digital dentistry has been predominantly used to restore small numbers of teeth rather than extensive prosthetic reconstruction. However, in the future, most dental treatments will undergo a digital transformation that will require the application of digital technology to more extensive prosthetic rehabilitation, for which discussion of occlusion is essential. In extensive prosthetic reconstruction, occlusion and articulation involve determining the position of the dental arch in relation to the reference plane of the skull or the long axis of the face and the position of the transverse horizontal axis. It also includes determining an occlusal surface with a shape that allows the mandible to move in an eccentric path and masticate most efficiently without any occlusal interference. To better understand how digitization will impact dentistry, this review article summarizes and discusses occlusion and articulation using digital dental technologies. This discussion is divided into several aspects, including facial scan, virtual articulation, augmented reality, and virtual reality.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.272-280
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• 2014

Most of the car navigation systems pzrovide 2D or 3D virtual map-based driving guidance. One of the important issues is how to reduce cognitive burden to the driver who should interpret the abstracted information to real world driving information. Recently, an augmented reality (AR)-based navigation is considered as a new way to reduce cognitive workload by superimposing guidance information into the real world scene captured by the camera. In particular, head-up display (HUD) is popular to implement AR navigation. However, HUD is too expensive to be set up in most cars so that the HUD-based AR navigation is currently unrealistic for navigational assistance. Meanwhile, smartphones with advanced computing capability and various sensors are popularized and also provide navigational assistance. This paper presents a research on cognitive effect and responsiveness of an AR navigation by a comparative study with a conventional virtual map-based navigation on the same smartphone. This paper experimented both quantitative and qualitative studies to compare cognitive workload and responsiveness, respectively. The number of eye gazing at the navigation system is used to measure the cognitive effect. In addition, questionnaires are used for qualitative analysis of the responsiveness.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.117-126
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• 2017

With the advances of high-performance, lightweight hardware components and control software, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have expanded in terms of use, not only for military applications but also for civilian applications. To complete their task at a remote location, UAVs are generally equipped with a camera, and various sensors and types of hardware devices can be attached according to the particular task. When UAVs capture video images and transmit them into the user's interface, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies as a user interface may have advantages in controlling the UAV. In this paper, we review AR and VR applications for UAVs and discuss their future directions.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.145-155
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• 2015

The game industry has changed along with the advancement of device technology. The wearable, a recently appeared device will create new demand in this saturated age of the smart devices. The game industry's content targeted towards the wearable devices will play an important role as main driving source. For this reason, this research studies the development aspect and the current technical capabilities of games' platforms and contents by analyzing the contrast between the results of features and current situations of the wearable market. Consequently, we define the prospects of game content for wearable device. We also expect that the new style of the game content, combined with cloud game, augmented reality game and virtual reality game will appear in the next generation platforms gearing towards the wearable devices.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.48-56
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• 2017

Augmented reality/virtual reality(AR/VR) technology has a very long research history, beginning in the 1860s. As of the CES of 2016, the expectations regarding the commercialization of AR/VR technology have increased, incurring the interest of many people. AR/VR technologies will be established as a part of our everyday life, such as smartphones, by combining the breakthrough developments of displays, semiconductors, sensors, and various content development technologies. However, until recently, the results of innovative technological developments and market growth had not been reported. In this article, we analyze these trends by focusing on display technologies, and discuss future directions.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.123-128
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• 2019

Currently mobile services are on the verge of full commercialization ahead of 5G mobile communication (5G). The first goal could be to preempt the 5G market through realistic media services utilizing VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality) technologies that users can most easily experience. Basically this movement is based on the advanced development of smart devices and high quality graphics processing computing power of mobile application processors. Accordingly, the importance of mobile GPUs is emerging and the most concern issue becomes a model for predicting the power and performance for smooth operation of high quality mobile contents. In many cases, the performance of mobile GPUs has been introduced in terms of power consumption of mobile GPUs using dynamic voltage and frequency scaling and throttling functions for power consumption and heat management. This paper introduces several studies of mobile GPU performance prediction model with user-friendly methods not like conventional power centric performance prediction models.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.155-191
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the trends (e.g., the distribution of the studies by year, country, research methods, and participants' education level) and fundamental findings [e.g., interaction in Virtual Reality (VR) environments, educational content through VR and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, learning environment in AR, etc.] regarding immersive learning technologies such as VR and AR in English Language Teaching (ELT) between 2010 and 2019. Employing a systematic review research methodology, data was gathered from 59 academic articles published in the following databases: EBSCOhost, ERIC, Web of Science, and Taylor & Francis. The studies were analyzed using a content analysis approach, and findings demonstrated that immersive learning technologies in ELT came to prominence in 2017. Mixed methods research was the most widely employed research method. The most studied language skill was vocabulary for AR and speaking for VR. The results also revealed advantages and challenges with regards to the use of immersive learning technologies in ELT. Further analysis illustrated the findings related to characteristics of immersive learning technologies in ELT. Based on this review, research and design implications for researchers and practitioners are presented.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.335-341
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• 2018

This paper is a study on map contents to be embedded in a new type of mobile device that combines 2D information and 3D information by combining 2D information with augmented reality technology. We also describe the planning and production of a 3D map application called 'NSU AR Map' using Unity3D engine to help understand this paper. 'NSU AR Map' is a map application that enables accurate identification of user's location and real-world view through 360 View. Based on the experience gained during the process of 3D map application, this paper will present how 3D technologies and augmented reality technologies are applied to new map applications and how they can be developed in the future.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.45-55
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• 2002

In this paper, we describe an outdoor augmented reality system using GPS tracking for position and attitude information. The system consist of a remote mobile operation unit and a ground operation unit. The remote mobile operation unit includes a real-time image acquiring device, a GPS tracking device, and a wireless data transceiver; the ground operation unit includes a wireless transceiver, a virtual image generating device, and an image superimposing device. The GPS tracking device for measurement of position and attitude of the remote mobile operation unit was designed by TANS Vector and RT-20 for DGPS. The wireless data transceiver was for data transmission between the remote mobile operation unit and the ground operation unit. After the remote mobile operation unit was installed on a vehicle and a helicopter, the system was evaluated to verify its validity in actual applications. It was found that the implemented system could be used for obtaining real-time remote information such as construction simulation, tour guide, broadcasting, disaster observation, or military purpose.