• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2015

The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol were studied in healthy and vibriosis-infected large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) following administration of a single oral dose of $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. After oral administration, florfenicol levels in tissues (liver, kidney, muscle, serum, and skin) were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. A two-compartment open model was used to describe the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol following oral administration. Compared to the healthy group, the absorption rate of vibriosis-infected fish significantly decreased, peak-time ($T_{max}$) delayed, maximum concentration ($C_{max}$) declined, total body clearance decreased, the elimination half-life ($T_{1/2{\beta}}$) was extended, and the area under the curve increased. These results indicate that a $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ oral dose of florfenicol administered once daily continuously for 4 or 5 days can be used for the treatment of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2021

Vibriosis is an important septicemic bacterial disease that affects a variety of commercial fish species, including cultured Dicentrarchus labrax. Nanotechnology has become an important modern tool for fish diseases prevention. Furthermore, nanomaterials have the ability to prevent and treat fish diseases. The current study was aimed to identify the causative agent of massive mortality of D. labrax commercial farm in Alexandria, Egypt. Experimental infection and the median lethal dose (LD50) of pathogenic isolate were assessed. Also, the effect of ginger nanoparticles (GNPs) and Sacchromyces cerevisiae as feed additives for prevention of vibriosis in D. labrax was carried out. Similarly, the tissue immunstimulant genes, IL-1β and TLR2 were measured in the spleen of feeding groups. The clinical signs of naturally diseased D. labrax showed corneal opacity and paleness of gills with excessive mucous secretion. The post-mortem abnormalities were severe hemorrhage and adhesion of internal organs. After bacteriological isolation and identification, the causative agent of mortality in the current study was Vibrio alginolyticus. The LD₅₀ of V. alginolyticus was 1.5×10^5.4 CFU/ml. The experimentally infected D. labrax showed ulceration, exophthalmia and skin hemorrhages. The post-mortem findings of the experimentally infected D. labrax revealed internal hemorrhage, spleen darkness and paleness of liver. There is no mortality and 100% RPS in groups fed GNPs then injected with V. alginolyticus, in those fed a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae and a group fed normal diet then injected with physiological saline (control negative), respectively. Contrarily, there was 10% mortality and 87.5 RPS in the group fed S. cerevisae then injected with V. alginolyticus. On the other hand, the control positive group showed 79% mortality. The spleen IL-1β and TLR2 immunostimulant genes were significantly increased in groups of fish fed GNNP, S. cerevisiae and a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae, respectively compared to control group. The highest stimulation of those immunostimulant genes was found in the group fed a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae, while fish fed S. cerevisiae had the lowest level. Dietary combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae was shown to be efficient in preventing of vibriosis, with greatest stimulation of spleen IL-1β and TLR2 immunostimulant genes.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2012

비브리오 감염증 (Vibriosis) 은 해산어에서 흔히 발생하는 세균성 감염증으로 어종에 따라 다양한 종이 분리, 발견되어지고 있다. 본 보고에서 병어로부터 TCBS한천배지에서 노란색 colony를 생성하는 비브리오속 세균이 분리되었고, 16S rRNA염기서열분석을 통하여 Vibrio scophthalmi로 확인하였다. 병어의 주요 증상으로 체표 출혈, 복강 내벽 출혈, 심한 장염, 복수 저류가 나타났다. 병리조직학적 관찰을 통하여 비장과 신장의 괴사, 장내 상피조직의 괴사, 탈락, 장의 상피하층인 점막고유층에서의 충, 출혈이 관찰되었다. 본 보고는 극동산 양식뱀장어에서의 V. scophthalmi 감염증례에 대한 첫 보고이다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 1992

To prevent food-poisoning outbreaks by Vibrio vulnificus the antimicrobial efficacy of grapefruit seed extract (GFSE) was examined. Minimal inhibitory concentration (in vitro) for the microorganism was found to be 50∼100 ppm. Transmission electron micrographs of Vibrio vulnificus showed the biocidal action of this natural antimicrobial agent would be related to specific respiratory effect coupled with the destruction of permeable function of microbial cell membrane. After Anguilla japonica GFSE-injected to the body was incubated in the seawater contaminated by Vibrio vulnifiucs the fish meats were taken up, mixed with control diet and used as a diet in the feeding experiment. In this experiment the effect of GFSE treated with fish muscle on body weight, protein efficiency ratio, serum enzymes and serum blood components of broiler chicks was investigated. It is proved from this study that there is neither Vibriosis nor toxicity associated with GFSE itself an fish meats treated with it when it is injected to the fish body at a level of 250 ppm or less.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.123-125
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• 2007

Vibrio anguillarum is a gram-negative bacterium that causes vibriosis in approximately 80 different fish species. V. anguillarum produces several exotoxins are correlated with the pathogenesis of vibriosis. This study is focused on the composition of the outer membrane vesicle. Most of gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicle (OMV) during cell growth. OMV was formed from the outer membrane surface of cell and than released to extracellular environment. OMV consists of outer membrane lipids, outer membrane protein (OMP), LPS, and soluble periplasmic components. Also, they contain toxins, adhesions, and immunomodulatory. Many gram-negative bacteria were studied out forming OMV. In Vibrio sp., formation of OMV by electron microscopy has been reported from V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. In present study, we isolated OMV from V. anguillarum and OMV protein was separated by SDS-PAGE. Magor band was sliced and analyzed by MALDI-TOF. The major protein band of 38kDa was identified as OmpU by MALDI-TOF MS analysis.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.14.1-14.8
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• 2019

Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is the major species developed for aquaculture in South Korea. Over the long history of olive flounder aquaculture, complex and diverse diseases have been a major problem, negatively impacting industrial production. Vibriosis is a prolific disease which continuously damages olive flounder aquaculture. A bacterial disease survey was performed from January to June 2017 on 20 olive flounder farms on Jeju Island. A total of 1710 fish were sampled, and bacteria from the external and internal organs of 560 fish were collected. Bacterial strains were identified using 16 s rRNA sequencing. Twenty-seven species and 184 strains of Vibrio were isolated during this survey, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. Bacterial isolates were investigated for the distribution of pathogenic and non-pathogenic species, as well as bacterial presence in tested organs was characterized. V. gigantis and V. scophthalmi were the dominant non-pathogenic and pathogenic strains isolated during this survey, respectively. This study provides data on specific Vibrio spp. isolated from cultured olive flounder in an effort to provide direction for future research and inform aquaculture management practices.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1998

1991년 1월부터 1997년 12월까지 제주도 넙치양식장의 감염어에서 발생한 세균성질병의 연도별 발생상황은 단독 감염질병에 있어서는 1997년에 243건(26.8%)으로 가장 높았고, 1993 년에 82건(9.1%)으로 가장 낮았다. 혼합 감염질병에 있어서는 1997년에 94건(28.1%)으로 가장 높았으며 1991년에 18건(5.4%)으로 가장 낮았다. 단독감염의 월별발생상황은 8월에 132건 (14.6%)으로 가장 높았고, 1월에 38건(4.2%)으로 가장 낮았다. 혼합감염의 월별발생상황은 월별차이는 별로 없었으나 11월과 12월에 각각 9건으로 가장 낮았다. 단독 감염의 세균 종류별 연도별 발생 상황은 비브리오증이 437건(48.2%)으로 가장 높았으며 활주세균증이 22건(2.4%)으로 가장 낮았다. 혼합 감염의 연도별 빌생 상황은 비브리오+활주세균증이 178건(53.1%)으로 가장 높았으며 에드와드+연쇄구균증이 28건(8.4%)으로 가장 낮았다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1990

새우 양식장(養殖場)에서 Vibrio병(病)으로 여겨지는 보리새우에서 분리(分離)한 6균주(菌株)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果) Vibrio sp.로 동정(同定)되었다. 분리균주(分離菌株)는 모두 같은 특징(特徵)을 나타내었으며 같은 군(群)으로 추정(推定)되었다. 분리균(分離菌)으로 보리새우에 재감염(再感染)시킨 결과(結果) 양식장(養殖場)의 병(病)든 새우와 같은 병리학적(病理學的) 변화(變化)를 나타내었다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.11.1-11.20
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• 2022

Vibrio harveyi belongs to the Vibrio genus that causes vibriosis in marine and aquatic fish species through double-stranded DNA virus replication. In humans, around 12 Vibrio species can cause gastroenteritis (gastrointestinal illness). A large amount of virus particles can be found in the cytoplasm of infected cells, which may cause death. Despite these devastating complications, there is still no cure or vaccine for the virus. As a result, we used an immunoinformatics approach to develop a multi-epitope vaccine against most pathogenic hemolysin gene of V. harveyi. The immunodominant T- and B-cell epitopes were identified using the hemolysin protein. We developed a vaccine employing three possible epitopes: cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, helper T-lymphocytes, and linear B-lymphocyte epitopes, after thorough testing. The vaccine was developed to be antigenic, immunogenic, and non-allergenic, as well as having a better solubility. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed significant structural stiffness and binding stability. In addition, the immunological simulation generated by computer revealed that the vaccination might elicit immune reactions in the actual life after injection. Finally, using Escherichia coli K12 as a model, codon optimization yielded ideal GC content and a higher codon adaptation index value, which was then included in the cloning vector pET2+ (a). Altogether, our experiment implies that the proposed peptide vaccine might be a good option for vibriosis prophylaxis.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2006

An epizootic causing mortality among cultured marine finfishes occurred in 1999 in the province of Kyoungsang, Korea. The disease was characterized by the presence of enterocele, abdominal swelling, and gastroenteritis. The causative bacteria were isolated from olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and the rearing water. These bacteria showed swarming activity on agar plates and yellowish or greenish colonies on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar plates, but no luminescence. The pathogen was identified as Vibrio harveyi based on morphological and biochemical characteristics and the sequence of l6S rDNA. The lethal doses (LD$_{50}$) of olive flounder and black rockfish were estimated to be $1.24\times10^6-1.36\times10^8$ and $3.24\times10^5-5.8\times10^7$ CFU/fish respectively following intraperitoneal injection.