• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of college sport club participants' ego-resilience on the college adjustment. Research design, data, and methodology: To accomplish the purpose, 360 participants were sampled by means stratified cluster random sampling method. Only 317 questionnaires were statistically processed, while 43 questionnaires were excluded because their respondents failed to complete instrument and judged insincere in filling out questionnaire. To analyze the data collected, statistical techniques, such as descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent-sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis were used, and as for difference verification between individual groups in relation to significant results, Duncan's multiple range was conducted. Results: The following results have been drawn out via hypothesis test. First. the background variable of the college sport club participants of was proved to affect the degree of their ego-resilience on the college adjustment. Specifically, their period of participation, frequency of participation and expenses made a statistically meaningful. Second, the college sport club participants of ego-resilience were proved to affect the college adjustment. Academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal-emotional adjustment and institutional attachment made a statistically meaning-full difference. Conclusions: The findings indicate the function of sport club participants' ego-resilience in assisting their adjustment.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2014

A thin Cu seed layer for electroplating has been employed for decades in the miniaturization and integration of printed circuit board (PCB), however many problems are still caused by the thin Cu seed layer, e.g., open circuit faults in PCB, dimple defects, low conductivity, and etc. Here, we studied the effect of heat treatment of the thin Cu seed layer on the deposition rate of electroplated Cu. We investigated the heat-treatment effect on the crystallite size, morphology, electrical properties, and electrodeposition thickness by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), four point probe (FPP), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements, respectively. The results showed that post heat treatment of the thin Cu seed layer could improve surface roughness as well as electrical conductivity. Moreover, the deposition rate of electroplated Cu was improved about 148% by heat treatment of the Cu seed layer, indicating that the enhanced electrical conductivity and surface roughness accelerated the formation of Cu nuclei during electroplating. We also confirmed that the electrodeposition rate in the via filling process was also accelerated by heat-treating the Cu seed layer.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2015

3차원 적층 반도체에서의 열관리를 위한 연구 동향에 대해서 살펴보았다. 적층 구조는 평면구조와 달리 단위 패키지당 발열량 증가, 단위 바닥면적당 전력 소비량 증가, 이웃 칩의 영향으로 과열 가능성의 증가, 냉각구조 추가의 어려움, 국부 열원의 발달 등으로 발열 문제가 매우 심각해질 수 있으며, 특히 국부 열원은 적층을 위해 칩 두께가 얇아짐으로 더욱 심화되고 있어 이를 고려한 발열관리가 필요하다. 구리 TSV는 높은 열전도도를 이용하여 열원의 열을 효과적으로 주변으로 배출하는 역할을 하며 범프 및 gap 충진 재료, 적층 순서와 함께 적층 반도체의 열확산에 큰 영향을 미친다. 이는 실험으로나 수치해석으로 확인되고 있으며, 향후 적층 구조의 각 구성 요소들의 열 특성을 반영한 회로 설계가 이루어질 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제19권1_2호
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• pp.397-414
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• 2005

In the existing literature, most of the purchasing models were developed only for retailers problem ignoring the constraint of storage capacity of retailers shop/showroom. In this paper, we have developed a deterministic model of wholesaler-retailers' problem of single product. The storage capacity of wholesaler's warehouse/showroom and retailers' showroom/shop are assumed to be finite. The items are transported from wholesaler's warehouse to retailers' Own Warehouse (OW) in a lot. The customer's demand is assumed to be displayed inventory level dependent. Demands are met from OW and that spaces of OW will immediately be filled by shifting the same amount from the Rented Warehouse (RW) till the RW is empty. The time duration between selling from OW and filling up its space by new ones from RW is negligible. According to relative size of the retailers' existing (own) warehouse capacity and the demand factors, different scenarios are identified. Our objectives are to optimize the cost functions of wholesaler and two retailers separately. To solve this problem, a real coded Genetic Algorithm (GA) with roulette wheel selection/reproduction, whole arithmetic crossover and non-uniform mutation is developed. Finally a numerical example is presented to illustrate the results for different scenarios. To compare the results of GA, Generalised Reduced Gradient Method has been used for the problem. Also, a sensitivity analysis has been performed to study the variations of the optimal average cost with respect to the different parameters.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
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• pp.3-6
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• 2001

In common globular proteins, the native form is in its most stable state. However, the native form of inhibitory serpins (serine protease inhibitors) and some viral membrane fusion proteins is in a metastable state. Metastability in these proteins is critical to their biological functions. Our previous studies revealed that unusual interactions, such as side-chain overpacking, buried polar groups, surface hydrophobic pockets, and internal cavities are the structural basis of the native metastability. To understand the mechanism by which these structural defects regulate protein functions, cavity-filling mutations of a 1-antitrypsin, a prototype serpin, were characterized. Increasing conformational stability is correlated with decreasing inhibitory activity. Moreover, the activity loss appears to correlate with the decrease in the rate of the conformational switch during complex formation with a target protease. We also increased the stability of a 1-antitrypsin greatly via combining various stabilizing single amino acid substitutions that were distributed throughout the molecule. The results showed that a substantial increase of stability, over 13 kcal/mol, affected the inhibitory activity with a correlation of 11% activity loss per kcal/mol. The results strongly suggest that the native metastability of proteins is indeed a structural design that regulates protein functions and that the native strain of a 1-antitrypsin distributed throughout the molecule regulates the inhibitory function in a concerted manner.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2002년도 금형가공 심포지엄
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• pp.180-186
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• 2002

The simulated die-casting process in which the traditional plaster casting process is combined with Rapid Prototyping technology is being used to produce Al, Mg, and Zn die-casting prototypes. Unlike in the die-casting process, molten metal in the conventional plaster casting process is fed via a gravity pour into a mold and the mold does not cool as quickly as a die-casting mold. The plaster castings have much larger and grosser grain structure as compared as the die-castings and the thin walls of the plaster mold cavity may not be completely fillet Because of lower mechanical properties induced by the large grain structure and incomplete Idling, the conventional plaster casting process is not suitable for the trial die-casting Process. In this work, an enhanced trial die-casting process has been developed in which molten metal in the plaster mold cavity is vibrated and pressurized simultaneously. Patterns for the casting are made by Rapid Prototyping technologies and then plaster molds, which have runner system, are made using these patterns. Imparted pressurized vibration to molten metal has made grain structure of castings much finer and improved fluidity of the molten metal enough to obtain complete filling at thin walls which can not be filled in the conventional plaster casting process.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2003

Generally, the build-up printed circuit board manufactured by a sequential process involving etching, plating, drilling, etc, which requires many types of equipments and long lead time. Etching process is suitable for mass production, however, it is not adequate for manufacturing a prototype in the development stage. In this study, we introduce a screen printing technology for prototyping a build-up printed circuit board. As for the material, photo/thermal curable resin and conductive paste are used for the formation of dielectric and conductor. The build-up structure is made by subsequent processes such as formation of a liquid resin thin layer, solidification by a UV/IR light, and via hole filling with a conductive paste. By use of photo curable resin, productivity is greatly enhanced compared with thermal curable resin. Finally, the basic concept and the possibility of build-up printed circuit board prototyping are proposed in comparison with the conventional process.

• 물과 미래
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1988

금강하구의 비선형(비대칭) 조석을 관측결과로부터 조사하였는데 하구에서의 강한 해저마찰에 의한 에너지소산에도 불구하고 M4 분조는 확폭되어 강한 조석비대칭현상을 야기시킨다. 관측된 조석비대칭은 긴 지속시간의 낙조보다 상대적으로 짧은 지속시간의 강한 장조류속이 토사의 이동을 증대시키는 데 이 현상이 하구의 매몰을 유발시켜 M2 내역에 분포된 사주의 형성요인인 것으로 추정된다. M2 분조와 M4 분조에 관련된 첨두해안응력의 분포를 2차원조류 수치모델에 의해 산정했는데 결과는 현존의 조류퇴적체계중 소류사의 분포는 하구둑 건설로 인해 외항접근수로와 하구둑 사류부에 변화를 가져올 것으로 초기추정된다.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.3-6
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• 2001

In common globular proteins, the native form is n its most stable state. However, the native form of inhibitory serpins (serine protease inhibitors) and some viral membrane fusion proteins is in a metastable state. Metastability in these proteins is critical to their biological functions. Our previous studies revealed that unusual interactions, such as side-chain overpacking, buried polar groups, surface hydrophobic pockets, ad internal cavities are the structural basis of the native metastability. To understand the mechanism by which these structural defects regulate protein functions, cavity-filling mutations of $\alpha$1-antitrypsin, a prototype serpin, were characterized. Increasing conformational stability is correlated with decreasing inhibitory activity. Moreover, the activity loss appears to correlate with the decrease in the rate of the conformational switch during complex formation with a target protease. We also increased the stability of $\alpha$1-antitrypsin greatly via combining various stabilizing single amino acid substitutions that were distributed throughout the molecule. The results showed that a substantial increase of stability, over 13 kcal/mol, affected the inhibitory activity with a correlation of 11% activity loss per kcal/mol. The results strongly suggest that the native metastability of proteins is indeed a structural design that regulates protein functions and that the native strain of $\alpha$1-antitrypsin distributed throughout the molecule regulates the inhibitory function in a concerted manner.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2002

This research aims at finding out situation on purchasing clothes for kids, size recognition and fitting to provide basic data in order to establish standard sizes for kids' clothes. A survey was conducted to 360 mothers who have children ranging from first to third grade in elementary school on clothes purchasing method, wearing situation, criteria in deciding size and fitting preference. In terms of data analysis, frequency, percentage, mean, $X^2$-test, ANOVA and Duncan-test were used via SPSS PC program. The result is as follows; 1. While the recognition on brand was high, the recognition on body size was low: as a result, it is believed that it would be effective to mark the weight along with the brand. 2. Many times, they would select one or two size bigger on all items and they would go for a regular or one that fits as far as filling is concerned showing that it is different from adult clothes. 3. As far as obese kids, they would choose based on the diameter, so the diameter item is right but they are too long in general. The length question should be given special attention when manufacturing clothes for obese kids.