• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2024

이 연구에서는 GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory)에서 개발한 해양순환모델인 MOM6 (Modular Ocean Model Version 6)를 사용하여 저해상도 전지구 해양순환모델의 성능을 평가하고 개선 방안을 모색하기 위해 다양한 민감도 실험을 수행하였다. 특히, ePBL (energetics based planetary boundary layer) 혼합층 방안의 적용, 조석 처방, 그리고 하이브리드 수직격자체계의 도입이 모델의 표층 수온과 염분 모의 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, ePBL 혼합층 방안은 적도 태평양에서의 혼합층 두께의 과대 모의와 고온 편향을 완화하는 데 효과적이었으며, 조석 처방은 황해와 동해에서 해양 구조를 개선하는데 일부 기여하였다. 또한, 하이브리드 수직격자체계는 수온 및 염분의 수직 구조를 보다 정확하게 모의할 수 있게 하여 모델의 성능을 개선하였다. 이 연구는 해양순환모델의 정확성을 높이기 위한 구체적인 방안을 제시하고 있으며, 전지구적인 해양 및 기후 모델링의 성능 개선에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.3964-3973
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• 2010

본 연구는 박물관에 있어서 계단, 엘리베이터 등의 수직동선 요소에 대한 분석을 하고자 한다. 연구 방법에 있어 가장 기초 단계라는 의미로 각 요소별의 개수를 분석하여 수치적으로 접근하였다. 공간적 범위를 우리나라로 한정하였다. 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수직동선 요소를 가장 많이 지닌 사례는 8개이며, 3~4개가 50%를 차지하였다. 연구 초기에 생각했던 것보다 높은 수치의 사례가 있어 다양한 박물관의 실상을 알 수 있었다. 계단의 경우 5개가 제일 높았으며, 일반적으로는 2개의 계단을 가진 것이었다. 엘리베이터의 경우는 1개를 가진 사례가 79%였다. 경사로는 38개 사례 중 9개의 사례에서만 볼 수 있었으며, 1개를 가진 사례가 66%를 차지하였다. 3개 가진 사례도 있었으며, 앞으로의 건축설계의 추세를 보면 더 많은 경사로를 지닌 사례가 나올 것으로 예측된다. 둘째, 코어의 구성에 있어 계단 단독, 엘리베이터 단독, 경사로 단독, 엘리베이터 + 계단, 계단 + 경사로의 구성을 찾을 수 있었으나 엘리베이터 + 경사로, 엘리베이터 + 계단 + 경사로의 조합은 아직 찾을 수 없었다. 계단 + 경사로의 사례는 단 1개이다. 앞으로 계단 + 경사로, 엘리베이터 + 경사로, 엘리베이터 + 계단 + 경사로의 조합을 이용하여 설계한다면 다양한 모습의 박물관이 나타날 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.271-285
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• 2006

A two-dimensional photochemical transport model (2D PTM) is simulated to describe the transport and chemical reaction of ozone related to aerosols in the troposphere and stratosphere. The vertical profiles and total amounts of ozone, which are advected by both residual Eulerian circulation and the adiabatic circulation under certain circumstance, have been compared with the observation data such as ozonesondes, Brewer spectrometer, the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrophotometer (TOMS). As a result, we find that the observed distribution of ozone Is adequately reproduced in the model at middle and high latitude in the Northern Hemisphere as well as at Phang ($36^{\circ}\;02'N,\;129^{\circ}\;23'E$) in South Korea. In particular, the 2D PTM is well simulated in the ozone decrease due to the Pinatubo volcanic eruption in 1991. However, ozone mixing ratio are more underestimated than those of UARS and ozonesondes, because are very sensitive to the latitude of transport across the tropopause associated with both Rummukainen errors and off-line model. Relative mean bias errors and relative root mean square errors of ozone calculations using the 2D PTM are shown within${\pm}10%$, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 1986

Phytoplankton community was investigated at the Paldang Dam Reservoir in the Mid-Han River by it's depth, in spring and summer known as the period of phytoplankton's blooming. It was only in summer that phytoplankton bloomed at the investigated area. 128 kinds of phytoplankton were identified and of them, diatoms were abundunt in spring but cyanophyta and chlorophyta were in summer. Because some species with high pollution index were observed in summer, it could be proved that the investigated area was polluted especially in summer. In spring shown the circulation period by vertical distribution pattern of chlorophyll-a and isothermal distribution pattern of water temperature, maximum value of phytoplankton standing crops appeared at the upper layer, except for surface layer. In summer shown the circulation period after the stagnation period by vertical distribution pattern of chlorophyll-a and immediate destruction after stratification of water temperature, maximum value of phytoplankton standing crops appeared at the lower layer. the layer at which the maximum value of chlorophyll-a appeared also accorded with that of phytoplankton standing crops. So, it could be approved that there existed a close relationship among phytoplankton standing crops, chlorophyll-a, and water temperature.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2010

In order to incorporate correctly the large or local scale circulation in an atmospheric model, a nudging term is introduced into the equation of motion. The MM5 model was used to assess the meteorological values differences in each case, during ozone episode days in Gwangyang bay. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of horizontal and vertical flow fields according to the surface and vertical observation data assimilation by upper wind conditions. Therefore, we carried out several numerical experiments with various parameterization methods for nudging coefficient considering the upper wind conditions (synoptic or asynoptic condition). Nudging considering the synoptic and asynoptic nudging coefficient does have a clear advantage over dynamic initialization, therefore appropriate limitation of these nudging coefficient values on its upper wind conditions is necessary before making an assessment. Obviously, under the weak synoptic wind, there was apparent advantage associated with nudging coefficient by the regional difference. The accuracy for the prediction of the meteorological values has been improved by applying the appropriate PBL (Planetary Boundary Layer) limitation of circulation.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.178-187
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• 2008

This study aims to analyze general features and forms of spatial structure of major space in museums and for the scope of this study, set up major space and the surrounding areas structured around major space and for the target of analysis, selected 10 museums of overseas examples from 19th century to 2006. And this study on focus, on the circulation structure and visual structure will be analyzed in qualitative method by focusing on the floor plan and section structures; deepening process of analysis, visual structure will turn into numerical value to analyze the spatial structure of the major space. The results of this study are as follow. First, vertical elements should be critically considered in a circulation plan for functional performance of dimensional circulation distribution in a major space. Second, a plan by location of vertical and horizontal moving elements related to a major space affects a circulation relation more than a connection type between a major space and an exhibition area. Third, it could be categorized into 4 types by considering the features of spatial structure followed by connecting relationship between areas. Fourth, comparable figures were drawn out among large space and surrounding areas but it couldn't draw out types.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.385-397
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• 1992

Current measurements at 3 sections and numerical experiments were carried out in Masan Bay to understand the effect of the wind on the residual currents and pollutant transport. The vertical distribution of horizontal velocities were directly affected by the wind at the depths of 1m and 2m beneath the sea surface. Analysis of the velocity data suggested that changes in the vertical gravitational circulation contributed to the net circulation. The net transport of water through the northern part of the bay was observed to be landward, with wind-induced transport of about 100m super(3)/s. Hence, wind is concluded to be the dominant mechanism driving the net circulation in the northern area of Masan Bay. Numerical experiments are shown that when S wind with 5m/s blew, northern area of the bay was generated the horizontal circulation of clockwise and local gyre. On the contrary of those, N wind made her to the anti-clockwise. In the case of no wind, the tidal residual current(constant flow) is very small or neglected except the bay-mouth. The inflow or outflow pattern of the mouth is considered as the flows generated by tidal residual current only. The distance of wind-induced transport of pollutant was as long as 2 times of no wind during the one tidal period.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2003

The three dimensional structure of thermohaline circulation in a D-plane is investigated using a conceptual two layer model and a scaling argument. In this simple model, the water mass formation region is excluded. The upper layer represents the oceans above the main thermocline. The lower layer represents the deep ocean below the thermocline and is much thicker than the upper layer. In each layer, geostrophy and the linear vorticity balance are assumed. The cross interfacial velocity that compensates for the deep water mass formation balances downward heat diffusion from the top. From the above relations, we can determine the thickness of the upper layer, which is the same as thermocline depth. The results we get is basically the same as that we get for an f-plane ocean or the classical thermocline theory. Mass budget using the velocity scales from the scaling argument shows that western boundary and interior transports are much larger than the net meridional transport. Therefore in the thermohaline circulation, horizontal circulation is much stronger than the vertical circulation occuring on a meridional plane.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.555-558
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• 1999

A sea/land breeze circulation system and a regional scale circulation system are formed at a region which has complex terrain around coastal area and affect to the dispersion and advection of air pollutants. Therefore, it is important that atmospheric circulation model should be well designed for the simulation of regional dispersion of air pollutants. For this, Local Circulation Model, LCM which has an ability of high resolution is used. To verify the propriety of a LCM, we compared the simulation result of LCM with an exact solution of a linear theory over a simple topography. Since they presented almost the same value and pattern of a vertical velocity at the level of 1 km, we had a reliance of a LCM. For the prediction of dispersion and advection of air pollutants, the wind filed should be calculated with high accuracy. A numerical simulation using LCM will provide more accurate results over a complex terrain around coastal area.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2013

Purpose: This study examines construction core plans for the users of vertical-typed general hospitals to effectivly use the flow line. Methods: The study sampled representative 9 hospitals, calculated the depth value through Convex Map of Space Syntax and Justified Graph according to the determination of form of construction cire, and analyzed its functional connectivity. Results: The analysis of the connectivity between operation core part and emergency part of core space with high importance in the hospitals showed that the types of hospital and hospital have the lowest depth value in the spatial phase diagram, where central treatment part and outpatient part are arranged well vertically. Elevators for patients at these hospitals are close to operation and emergency parts actually separated from the elevators for passengers. For shortening of flow line of patients and private movement environment, however, it is desirable to arrange the elevators for patients to be adjacent to the operation parts and to arrange the emergent patient entrances more effectively to separate them from the flow line of visitors and guardians. Implications: Consideration should be taken into account for the effective flow line design. This study hopefully may serve as a stepping stone for the standard design of horizontal/vertical flow line.