• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Vehicle safety device such as active headrest and rear detection system has been developing as people are interested about rear end collision more than head on or than front. However, there is no any standard or criterion in order to evaluate vehicle safety device for rear end collision. Also there is no test protocol about rear end collision in vehicle experiment. Therefore, this research developed scenario for experiment about rear end collision in vehicle experiment. Also this research evaluated dangerousness about vehicle test and fitness about re-enacting rear end collision using scenario developed using commercial software (PC-Crash) which can re-enact vehicle collision in virtual vehicle experiment. Scenario developed according to statistics from National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and German In-Depth Accident Study. Scenario has twelve cases which composed of Re-LVS (Rear end Leading Vehicle Stop), Re-LVM (Rear end Lead Vehicle Moving) and scenario for evaluation about malfunction of active headrest.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.88-94
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• 2023

The seating postures of passengers in the automated driving vehicle are possible in atypical forms such as rear-facing and lying down. It is necessary to improve devices such as airbags and seat belts to protect occupants from injury in accidents of the automated driving vehicle, and collision safety evaluation tests must be newly developed. The purpose of this study is to define representative types of head-on collision accidents to develop collision standards for autonomous vehicles that take into account changes in driving behavior and occupants' postures. 150 frontal collision cases remained by filtering (accident videos, images, AIS 2+, passenger car, etc…) and random sampling from approximately 320,000 accidents claimed by a major insurance company over the past 5 years. The most frequent accident type is a head-on collision between a vehicle going straight and a vehicle turning left from the opposite side, accounting for 54.7% of all accidents, and most of these accidents occur in permissive left turns. The next most common frontal collision is the center-lane violation by drowsy driving and careless driving, accounting for 21.3% of the total. For the two types above, data such as vehicle speed, contact point/area, and PDOF at the moment of impact are obtained through accident reconstruction using PC-Crash. As a result, two types of autonomous vehicle crash safety test scenarios are proposed: (1) a frontal oblique collision test based on the accident types between a straight vehicle and a left-turning vehicle, and (2) a small overlap collision test based on the head-on accidents of center-lane violation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-91
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• 2011

In this paper, a planar model for mechanics of a vehicle/pedestrian collision incorporating road gradient is derived to evaluate the pre-collision speed of vehicle. It takes into account a few physical variables and parameters of popular wrap and forward projection collisions, which include horizontal distance traveled between primary and secondary impacts with the vehicle, launch angle, center-of-gravity height at launch, distance from launch to rest, pedestrian-ground drag factor, the pre-collision vehicle speed and road gradient. The model including road gradient is derived analytically for reconstruction of pedestrian collision accidents, and evaluates the vehicle speed from the pedestrian throw distance. The model coefficients have physical interpretations and are determined through direct calculation. This work shows that the road gradient has a significant effect on the evaluation of the vehicle speed and must be considered in accident cases with inclined road. In additions, foreign/domestic empirical cases and multibody dynamic simulation results are used to construct a least-squares fitted model that has the same structure of the analytical one that provides an estimate of the vehicle speed based on the pedestrian throw distance and the band within which the vehicle speed would be expected to be in 95% of cases.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.222-227
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• 1998

Collision warning systems have been an active research and development area as the interests and demands for ASV's (Advanced Safety Vehicles) have increased. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a collision warning system for automobiles. A collision warning HiLS(Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation) system has been designed and used to test the collision warning algorithm, radar sensors, and warning displays under realistic operating conditions in the laboratory. the collision warning algorithm is operated by a warning index, which is a function of the warning distance and the braking distance. The computer calculates velocities of the preceding vehicle and following vehicle, relative distance and relative velocity of the vehicles using vehicle simulation models. The relative distance and the relative velocity are applied to the vehicle simulator controlled by a DC motor.

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.294-299
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• 2004

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.514-521
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• 2021

When calculating an intersection collision speed using a formula, it is very difficult to grasp the degree of deceleration of a vehicle after the collision unless there is road surface trace in the entire section where each vehicle moved from the point of collision to their final positions after the collision. A vehicle's motion trajectory shows an irregular curve after a collision due to the effects of inertia based on the driving characteristics of the vehicle, the eccentric force according to the collision site, and the collision speed. Therefore, it is very important to set the appropriate departure angle after a collision for accurate collision speed analysis. In this study, based on experimental collision data using a computer simulation (PC-Crash), the correlation between an appropriate vehicle departure angle and the post-collision speed was analyzed, and then, a regression analysis model was derived. Through this, we propose a method to calculate collision speed by applying only the vehicle departure angle in some types of collisions for traffic accidents at intersections.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2013

This paper presents a lateral collision risk index between an ego vehicle and a rear-side vehicle. The lateral collision risk is designed to represent a lateral collision risk and provide the appropriate threshold value of activation of the lateral collision management system such as the Blind Spot Detection(BSD). The lateral collision risk index is designed using the Time to Line Crossing(TLC) and the longitudinal collision index at the predicted TLC. TLC and the longitudinal collision index are calculated with the signals from the exterior sensor such as the radar equipped on the rear-side of a vehicle and a vision sensor which detects the distance and time to the lane departure. For the robust situation assessment, the perception of driving environment determining whether the road is straighten or curved should be determined. The relative motion estimation method has been proposed with the road information via the integrated estimator using the environment sensors and vehicle sensor. A lateral collision risk index was composed with the estimated relative motion considering the relative yaw angle. The performance of the proposed lateral collision risk index is investigated via computer simulations conducted using the vehicle dynamics software CARSIM and Matlab/Simulink.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.33-45
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• 2007

The collision avoidance maneuver flight simulation for tilt rotor unmanned aerial vehicle was performed by time-accurate numerical integration method based on wind tunnel test data. Five representative collision avoidance maneuvers were simulated under constraints of aerodynamic stall, propulsion power, structural load, and control actuator capability. The collision avoidance performances of the maneuvers were compared by the computed collision avoidance times. The sensitivities of initial flight speed and collision zone shape on the collision avoidance time were investigated. From these results, it was found that the moderate pull-up turn maneuver defined using moderate pitch and maximum roll controls within simulation constraints is the most robust and efficient collision avoidance maneuver under the various flight speeds and collision object shapes in the tilt rotor UAV applications.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2019

In this study a safety evaluation method is presented for a ADAS vehicle to be tested in collision situation when multiple vehicles are present on a single lane. Test scenarios are developed based on Euro-NCAP assessment scenarios, accident database and related simulation results in previous works. An automated evaluation system that is called as the K-target mover is used for active safety evaluation experiments. The experiments are conducted with two types of tests. First, the rear-end collision tests with 25% and 50% overlap for the test vehicle and target vehicle are conducted with the two kinds of test vehicles. On the other hand, the rear-end collision tests which include multiple vehicles in a single lane with 25% and 50% overlaps, are also conducted. Experimental results show that the test vehicles with ADAS cannot recognize the collision situation sometimes in the developed test scenarios, even in the case that the test vehicle showed stable performance in the simple overlap scenarios.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.57-61
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• 2002

We design Collision Avoidance System using model vehicle. The purpose of this system(Collision Avoidance System) is to maintain continuously constant distance between a forward running vehicle and a following automatic guided vehicle(AGV). For this system, we design modeling of vehicle and observe this through simulation. By sing super sonic sensors to measure the distance between vehicles and controller using 80c196kc for changing velocity of motor, we design Collision Avoidance System as maintaining continuously constant distance between vehicles.