• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.68-79
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• 2021

On the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), social activities occur through which the vehicle generates a variety of data, shares them with other vehicles, and sends and receives feedbacks. In order to share reliable information between vehicles, it is important to determine the reliability of a vehicle. In this paper, we propose a vehicle trust evaluation scheme to share reliable information among vehicles. The proposed scheme calculates vehicle trust by considering user reputation and network trust based on inter-vehicle social behaviors. The vehicle may choose to scoring, ignoring, redistributing, etc. in the social activities inter vehicles. Thereby, calculating the user's reputation. To calculate network trust, distance from other vehicles and packet transmission rate are used. Using user reputation and network trust, local trust is calculated. It also prevents redundant distribution of data delivered during social activities. Data from the Road Side Unit (RSU) can be used to overcome local data limitations and global data can be used to calculate a vehicle trust more accurately. It is shown through various performance evaluations that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing schemes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.609-631
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• 2022

The main goal of VANETs is to improve the safety of all road users. Therefore, the accuracy and trustworthiness of messages transmitted in VANETs are essential, given that life may rely on them. VANETs are provided with basic security services through the use of public key infrastructure-based authentication. However, the trust of users is still an open issue in VANETs. It is important to prevent bogus message attacks from internal vehicles as well as protect vehicle privacy. In this paper, we propose a trust management scheme that ensures trust in VANETs while maintaining vehicle privacy. The trust scheme establishes trust between vehicles where a trust value is assigned to every vehicle based on its behavior and messages are accepted only from vehicles whose trust value is greater than a threshold, therefore, protecting VANETs from malicious vehicles and eliminating bogus messages. If a traffic event happens, vehicles upload event messages to the reachable roadside unit (RSU). Once the RSU has confirmed that the event happened, it announces the event to vehicles in its vicinity and records it into the blockchain. Using this mechanism, RSUs are prevented from sending fake or unverified event notifications. Simulations are carried out in the context of bogus message attacks to evaluate the trust scheme's reliability and efficiency. The results of the simulation indicate that the proposed scheme outperforms the compared schemes and is highly resistant to bogus message attacks.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2015

The research on autonomous vehicle that expected to greatly reduce accidents by driver's mistakes is increasing in the development of technology. The purpose of this research is to identify the factor that affect trust in autonomous vehicles and analyze the requirements of the driver in autonomous vehicles environment. Therefore, in this study, we defined the information and functions provided by the autonomous vehicles through the investigation of the prior studies, conducted a questionnaire survey and focused group interview (FGI). The results show that competency, error management were important factors influencing trust in autonomous vehicles and identified that driver took safety related information as high priority in autonomous vehicle. Also, it was identified that driver prefer to perform the multimedia function in autonomous vehicle environment. The study is looking forward to be the reference data for design of advanced autonomous vehicle. It will contribute to the improvement of the convenience and satisfaction of the drivers.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2013

In recent years, more and more researches have been focusing on trust management of vehicle ad-hoc networks (VANETs) for improving the safety of vehicles. However, in these researches, little attention has been paid to the location privacy due to the natural conflict between trust and anonymity, which is the basic protection of privacy. Although traffic safety remains the most crucial issue in VANETs, location privacy can be just as important for drivers, and neither can be ignored. In this paper, we propose a beacon-based trust management system, called BTM, that aims to thwart internal attackers from sending false messages in privacy-enhanced VANETs. To evaluate the reliability and performance of the proposed system, we conducted a set of simulations under alteration attacks, bogus message attacks, and message suppression attacks. The simulation results show that the proposed system is highly resilient to adversarial attacks, whether it is under a fixed silent period or random silent period location privacy-enhancement scheme.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.713-722
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• 2017

Recently technological drive on autonomous vehicle is on the rush. Along with the trend, researches on driver's perspective are increasing. However, previous studies have limitations in terms of study period and rich experience. In this paper, we conducted an ethnographically inspired fieldwork to observe human-autonomous car interaction. We had six participants to ride a prototype autonomous car on the real road for six days. After, we generated trust, distrust factors according to Lee & See's categorization of trust dimension: process, performance, and purpose. We derived eight distrust factors that saliently influences passenger's experience in autonomous vehicle. Our research broadens trust model into autonomous driving context based on real road field study and contributes to automotive community with design guidelines to increase trust toward autonomous vehicle.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.378-391
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• 2021

The low use of e-vehicles in Yogyakarta City and Pekanbaru City is an essential issue for local governments to maximize e-government policies in both regions. The purpose of this research is to analyze people's attitudes and factors influencing the community of e-Samsat (e-Vehicle tax) users in developing the UMEGA theory, namely technology and government trust. This is a quantitative research based on the philosophy of positivism, which is used to examine populations and individual samples. Data were collected using research instruments and quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, the hypothesis of the obtained data was tested using SEM-PLS. The results showed that social influence does not affect attitudes of e-Samsat (e-Vehicle tax) users. Furthermore, the study showed that the development of umega theory by adding variables of trust in technology and government affects people's behavior in using e-Samsat services.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Take-over requests in semi-autonomous cars must be handled properly in the case of road obstacles or curved roads in order to avoid accidents. In these situations, situation awareness and appropriate decision making are essential for distracted drivers. This study used a driving simulator to investigate the components of auditory-visual information systems that affect safety, workload, and trust. Auditory information consisted of either voice guidance providing situation awareness for the take-over or a beep sound that only alerted the driver. Visual information consisted of either a screen showing how to maneuver the vehicle or only an icon indicating a take-over situation. By providing auditory information that increased situation awareness and visual information that aided decision making, trust and safety increased, while workload decreased. These results suggest that the levels of situation awareness and decision making ability affect trust, safety, and workload for drivers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.519-527
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• 2017

The trust issue on the safety of autonomous vehicle is a very important in regard to the demand generation of relevant industries. To secure the trust, The study of legal liability issue should be prior to an accident of the autonomous vehicle. In civil law, it is possible to make the automobile manufacturer take legal responsibility with the "Product Liability Act". Whereas, in criminal law, it is difficult to make him take legal responsibility since the criminal law holds the actor responsible. To solve these problems, this article proposes the establishment of the "Special Act on Autonomous Vehicle". Also, there is a demand for building infra structures and system to operate the (fully) self-propelled vehicle and establishing "certification" systems.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1533-1556
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• 2017

The concept of trust in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is usually utilized to assess the trustworthiness of the received data as well as that of the sending entities. The quality of safety applications in VANETs largely depends on the trustworthiness of exchanged data. In this paper, we propose a self-organized distributed trust computing framework (DTCF) for VANETs to compute the trustworthiness of each vehicle, in order to filter out malicious nodes and recognize fully trusted nodes. The proposed framework is solely based on the investigation of the direct experience among vehicles without using any recommendation system. A tier-based dissemination technique for data messages is used to filter out non authentic messages and corresponding events before even going farther away from the source of the event. Extensive simulations are conducted using Omnet++/Sumo in order to investigate the efficiency of our framework and the consistency of the computed trust metrics in both urban and highway environments. Despite the high dynamics in such networks, our proposed DTCF is capable of detecting more than 85% of fully trusted vehicles, and filtering out virtually all malicious entities. The resulting average delay to detect malicious vehicles and fraudulent data is showed to be less than 1 second, and the computed trust metrics are shown to be highly consistent throughout the network.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.5
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• pp.589-596
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• 2009

Until now, some protocols have been presented to provide vehicle's anonymity and unlinkability in VANET by means of issuing multiple anonymous certificates to each vehicle from the trust authority, or shot-time anonymous certificate to a vehicle after mutual authentication between a Roadside Unit (RSU) and the vehicle. However, these protocols have high overheads of the trust authority, RSUs and vehicles for generating anonymous certificate. In this paper, we propose an efficient anonymous authentication protocol, in which RSUs can issue multiple shot-time anonymous certificates to a vehicle to alleviate system overheads for mutual authentication between vehicles and RSUs. Several simulations are conducted to verify the efficiency of the proposed protocol in terms of RSU valid serve ratio and vehicle's computational costs. Moreover, the proposed protocol provides unlinkability and traceability when multiple RSUs are compromised, whereas previous protocols do not provide unlinkability and traceability.