• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권1호
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• pp.48-62
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• 2016

본 연구는 덕유산국립공원 향적봉 및 중봉 아고산대를 대상으로 총 48개소의 고정방형구를 설치하여 Z-M 식물사회학적 방법으로 군락유형분류와 임분 구조를 분석하였던 바, 신갈나무군락군에서 군락단위로 가문비나무군락, 까치박달군락, 피나무군락으로 분류되었으며 가문비나무군락은 물참대군, 백당나무군으로 세분되었다. 군단위로 물참대군은 복장나무소군과 까치밥나무소군으로 세분되었으며, 백당나무군은 각시원추리소군과 귀룽나무소군으로 세분되었다. 중요치를 분석한 결과, 교목층을 구성하는 주요 종으로는 신갈나무(23.9%), 구상나무(14.7%), 주목(10.2%), 가문나무(8.2%), 사스래나무(7.4%)로 나타났으며, 아교목층은 시닥나무(18.6%), 당단풍나무(18.4%), 신갈나무(8.9%)로 나타났으며, 관목층은 철쭉(20.7%), 당단풍나무(17.4%), 노린재나무(8.5%)로 나타났다. 식생단위 1의 지표종은 산수국, 들메나무, 물참대와 같은 아고산의 적습한 계곡부 또는 전석지 환경을 선호하는 종들이 나타났다. 종다양도는 식생단위 1, 4, 5는 생육환경이 이질적이고 복잡하거나 국소적인 교란이 있었을 것으로 사료된다. 가문비나무군락의 하위단위인 복장나무아군, 까치밥나무아군, 각시원추리아군, 귀룽나무아군의 식생단위 1, 2, 3, 4는 유사도 지수가 0.5 이상으로 식생단위 간 유사도가 높은 경향으로 나타나, 식생단위 간 구성종의 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2002

Objectives of this study are to make clear the vegetation structure of Hovenia dulcis community in the Korean Peninsula over ten mountains including 17 plots. The results were summarized as follows. Habitat of the community indicated that elevation ranged from 115 meter to 720 meter at the sea level, slope aspect in nearly all directions, bare rock from 0 to 90 percent, slope degree from 10$^{\circ}$ to 40$^{\circ}$, topography from valley to middle slope, the height of tree layer from 8m to 22m, the diameter at breast height from 12cm to 59cm and coverage from 65% to 95$\%$$\%$

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze the planting structure and ecological characteristics of greon spaces on the grounds of e Dangjin steam power plant. To achieve these goals, we surveyed existing vegetation, plant community structure, Plant volume and growth rate. Based on e vegetation analysis, existing vegetation was classified into six types: herbaceous species $(70.54\%)$, evergreen coniferous trees $(21.17\%)$, deciduous broad-leaved trees $(5.10\%)$, deciduous coniferous trees $(1.47\%)$, shrubs $(0.12\%)$, and other types $(1.59\%)$. The coal storage, office, and playground areas were community is the natural forest area where a Pinus thunbergii / Pinus densiflora community is distributed in terms of vegetation structure, species diversity, plant volume, and growth rate. The artificial green spaces(near the coal storage, office, playground areas) had a single-layer structure. Species diversity indices of the artificial green areas were $0.1655\~0.4807$ compared to 0.8628 in the natural forest, which presented a good growth environment. Also, the plant volume in the artificial green space was lower than that of the natural green space. Therefore, it would be desirable to develope a multi-layer structure similar to that of the vegetation in the natural green space in order to improve the amount of plant volume. The plant-damage ratio of Pinus thunbergii was $52.48\%$ in the coal storage area, and $8.48\~ 11.52\%$, in the other survey areas. Also, the vitality of Pinus thunbergii was $15.45k{\Omega}$ in the coal storage areas, which indicates bad growing conditions. This suggests that soil characteristics and dust have a bad impact on growth. The investigation into deciduous tres' growth status showed that appropriate plants would be Albizzia julibrissin, Acer palmatum var. sanguineum, Acer palmatum, Malus spp., Prunus sargentii.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.404-412
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• 2005

The surface energy budget depends on many factors, such as the type of surface, the soil moisture and the vegetation canopy, the geographical location, daily, monthly and seasonal variations, and weather conditions. In the coastal region, the surface is not homogeneous at various scales for instance water, sand, mud, tall grass, and crops. The energy balance over the vegetation canopy was analyzed with the optical energy balance measuring system. The latent heat flux was more intensive than the sensible heat flux. The sensible heat flux was very small in summer due to the canopy effect and higher in spring and autumn. In summer the development of the atmospheric boundary depended on rather the vertical shear of wind than the sensible heat flux.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2001

본 연구는 산림 하층의 환경특성과 설치류 서식밀도를 조사하여 산림생태계 내에서 소형 설치류와 산림 하층의 서식환경과의 관계를 파악하고자 1997년 7월부터 1998년 8월 사이에 지리산국립공원의 6개 지역에서 각각 해발고도 500m, 800m, 1,100m에 설정한 총 18개의 조사 지역에서 실시하였다. 해발고도가 높아짐에 따라 대부분의 지역에서 하층식생의 피도량과 유기물층의 깊이가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 소형 설치류의 포획결과 등줄쥐, 흰넓적다리붉은쥐, 대륙밭쥐 등 3종 77개체가 포획되었는데 각 지역별 포획 개체수는 하층식생의 피도량과 유기물층의 발달 정도와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 토양내 하층식생의 발달로 인한 피도량의 증가와 유기물층의 발달은 소형 설치류에게 있어서 알맞은 서식환경을 제공해 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권3호
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• pp.277-289
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• 2019

본 연구는 백두대간 미시령부터 단목령구간의 마루금 주변 산림식생을 식물사회학적군락유형 분류를 통해 향후 백두대간의 생태적 식생관리방안에 대한 연구자료를 축적하고자 수행하였다. 2016년 5월부터 10월 사이에 150개소의 조사구를 설치하여 식생조사를 실시하였다. 그 자료를 이용하여 종조성을 중심으로 군락유형을 분류한 결과, 총 5개의 식생단위로 분류하였으며, 1개의 군락군(신갈나무군락군), 2개의 군락(분비나무군락, 까치박달군락), 4개의 군(눈측백군, 분비나무전형군, 조릿대군, 까치박달전형군), 2개의 소군(눈잣나무소군, 개박달나무소군)으로 분류하였다. 일치법을 통해 식생단위와 환경인자간의 상관관계에서 해발고도는 1,000 m를 기준으로 분비나무군락과 까치박달군락의 조릿대군으로 나뉘어지는 경향을 보였다. 평균 암석노출도는 눈잣나무군에서가 가장 높았으며, 평균 출현종수는 까치박달전형군에서 가장 높았다. 교목층 평균 식피율은 눈잣나무소군을 제외하고 60% 이상이었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.207-218
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• 1995

Five non-stratified plant communities, Dichanthium-Artemisia-Themeda, Dichanthium- Plectranthes-Themeda, Plectranthes-Carex-Myrine, Heteropogon- Dichanthium-Dodonaea and Artemisia-Cynodon-Ber-beris were recognized in Girbanr hills, District Swat, during autumn, 1992. The indices of similarity showed that the communities were dissimilar. The percentage of leptophyllous and nanophyllous, terophytic and nanophanerophytic species were higher than other groups. These indicate dry and disturben conditions. Due to autumn season most of the species were entering in dormant stage. There was no tree layer on southern slopes while northern slopes had a poor layer of Pinus roxburghii. Deforestation, uprooting, terrace cultivation and overgrazing followed by erosion are the main ecological problems. The presence of isolated trees of Pinus roxburghii and stunted Olea ferruginea indicate that the original vegetation might have been of chirpine or Olea-Pinus type. The area having resource potential can be changed into a forest or rangeland by proper protection and management. Suggestions in favour of improvement are given.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제107권2호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2018

우리나라의 아고산대는 기후변화에 지역적 취약성을 띄는 지역으로, 아고산대의 산림식생은 기후변화에 따른 영향을 관찰할 수 있는 중요한 기초지표 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 지리산 아고산대의 기후변화 취약수종 분포지의 산림식생을 대상으로 하여 식물사회학적 식생 유형 및 희귀-특산식물 분포 특성에 대해 구명하였다. 2015년 3월부터 10월까지 37개소에서 식생조사를 실시하였고, 식물사회학적 식생유형 분류를 통해 종조성을 파악하고, 종의 우점도를 파악하기 위해 중요치를 이용하여 식생유형별 층위구조를 분석하였다. 그 결과 식생유형분류체계는 8개 종군유형과 5개의 식생단위로 구분되었다. 산림청 지정 특산식물은 9분류군, 희귀식물은 17분류군이 출현하였고, 북방계식물의 비율은 41.2%이며, 식생단위별 해발고도가 증가함에 따라 희귀-특산식물도 함께 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 중요치 분석 결과, 구상나무는 모든 식생단위에서 평균상대우점치가 높게 나타났다. 또한 층위별로 보았을 때 식생단위 1을 제외한 단위들에서는 신갈나무, 당단풍나무 등의 수종과 경쟁관계에 놓여 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 기후변화로 인한 아고산대 산림식생의 변화를 이해하기 위한 기초 자료 뿐만 아니라 식생학적 접근을 통한 장기 모니터링의 기초지표로 활용될 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.102-118
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to propose an ecological management plan by the comprehensive analysis of biotope structures on Namsan Urban Natural Park in Seoul. Classified by actual vegetation, structure of layer and vegetation damage, biotope structures were composed of forest area, compact management area, herb area, cultivated area and non-ecology(urban) area. Succession had seened to stop in the Native forest. Artifical forest was divided into two types. The first, upper layer, was too dense to accommodate lower layer plants, the other case was the appearance of Quercus spp. and the first stage plants of succession following the declination of the upper layer plants. The soil pH of Nam-san Urban Park was 4.21∼4.51, which meant the soil was becoming acid. As the result of acidity, leaching of available nutrition(K/sup +/, NH₄/sup +/, Ca/sup ++/ etc.) was immediately influenced by the natural ecosystem, influence of acid rain was disturbed to becoming organic matter which was use to plants. In the case of a biotope structure management plan, the urban area was prohibited to spread outside. Cultivated and herb area was regenerated to natural forest. In the forest area, the compact management area was maintained with its present condition, and then it is desirable to make a preservation area and to plant shrubs. Planted Pinus densiflora Community was needed to eliminate competitive species of canopy layer, and plant shrubs. Management of deciduous broad-leaved Comm. was maintained in its present conditionand it is desirable to raise the diversity of the understory and shrub layer. The management of the artifical forest seems to be suitable for Q. spp. community. The care of naturalized plants prevents the expansion and restores the structure of wild plants. The soil management was a marked restoration soil ecosystem in order to prevent soil acid and drying.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2008

The Purpose of this study was to offer the raw data for drawing up the conservation plan by analysing natural vegetation in Midongsan, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. The period of survey was from July to October, 2004 and the size of plot was 100$m^2$. In the results of analyzing the physical environments, the range of altitude was 303${\sim}$550m and soil pH was 5.4${\sim}$6.8. The angle of slope was 3${\sim}$57% and topographical factor was composed of ridgeline. In the results of analyzing a importance percentage, the dominant species in tree layer, Pinus rigida, P. densiflora, Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis and Q. acutissima, P. rigida, Q. mongolica, Q. acutissima, Platycarya strobilacea and Q. variabilis in subtree layer, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Symplocos chinensis for pilosa, Lindera obtusiloba, L. erythrocarpa, Rhus trichocarpa and Weigela subsessilis in shrub layer. In the results of species diversity index, species diversity (H') was from 1.2401 to 2.5540, maximum species diversity (H'max), from 1.9459 to 2.8904, evenness (J'), from 0.5644 to 0.8836, dominance (D), from 0.1164 to 0.4356.