• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.437-444
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• 2011

This study was conducted to collect the basic data to provide for the purpose of the development of dental field. This research is to find the relationship between the empowerment perception level and job satisfaction of dental hygienists working in dental clinics and the factors influencing on work achievement in the system of dental clinics. The subjects of the research is some randomly chosen at dental clinics located in Seoul City during the period from March 22 to April 30, 2010, and the sample of 256 female dental hygienists working in the field were recruited as the analysis object group. The following shows the results of this study. 1. The empowerment level of the subjects was 3.63. It is significant statistically that the longer working career or higher annual salary, the higher empowerment level (p<0.05). 2. Dental hygienists who are in charge of education counsel(p<0.01) and who have a permanent job(p<0.05) have higher empowerment level than others. 3. The job satisfaction of the subjects was 3.18. It was significant statistically that the increaser age(p<0.05) or in the journal subscription group, the higher job satisfaction (p<0.001). 4. In regression analysis, meaningfulness, self-determination were proved as a significant factors that is related to the job satisfaction in dental hygienists (p<0.05). This finding shows high job satisfaction in dental hygienists who hold high level of empowerment perception. Therefore, I suggest that the organization of dental clinic needs to improve its capability and efficiency with the efficient manpower management. Particularly, in order to increase job satisfaction, A need exists to develop various kinds of leadership training and educational programs to enhance the empowerment of dental hygienists as professionals through independent decision making and role executions.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-43
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• 1976

The flourite in Hwacheon, Hwanggangri and Keumsan district are major fluorite producing areas in Korea. The fluorite deposits of Hwacheon district are wholly fissure filling hydrothermal veins embedded in Precambrian gneiss and schists and Jurassic granites. Also some fluorite deposits are emplaced in felsite whose age is unknown. Emplacement of most fluorite veins of the district are controlled by EW fracture system. Fluorites are generally accompanied to chalcedonic quartz and also kaolinite, montmorillonite, dickite and calcite in parts. Vertical and lateral mineral zonings are not distinct. The fluorite deposits in the Hwanggangri district are wholly embedded in limestone and other calcareous sediments of Paleozoic Yeongweol Group. Most of the fluorite deposits belong to one of two categories which are steeply. dipping veins and gently dipping replacement deposits adjacent to Late Cretaceous(83-90mys) granite bodies. The strikes of fluorite veins of Hwanggangri district mostly occupy the fractures of $N30^{\circ}-40^{\circ}E$ and $N30^{\circ}-40^{\circ}W$ system. Fluorites are accompanied to calcite, milky quartz, chalcedonic quartz, and also montmorillonite, kaolinite in parts. But in some deposits, scheelite, various sulfide minerals and barite are accompanied. Emplacement of fluorite deposits are largely controlled by lithology and structures of this district. In some deposits fluorite veins gradate to scheelite veins and also telescoping of the mineral zones are found in this district. In the Keumsan district, fissure-filled fluorite veins and replacement deposits are mostly emplaced in limestone of Paleozoic Yeongweol Group, late Cretaceous quartz-porphyry, granite and sandstone. Some deposits are emplaced in Precambrian metasediments. Mineralogy and other characteristics of the deposits in this district is similar to those of Hwanggangri district. Fluid inclusion studies reveal the difference of salinities, $CO_2$ contents of ore fluid and temperatures during fluorite mineral deposition in the these districts. In Hwacheon district, ore-fluids were comparatively dilute brine and low $CO_2$ content. Filling temperatures ranges $104^{\circ}C$ to $170^{\circ}C$. In the Chuncheonshinpo mine, most deeply exploited one in this district, salinitles range 0.5-2. 2wt. % NaCl and filling temperatures range from $116^{\circ}C$ to $143^{\circ}C$. In the Hwanggangri district, ore fluids were complex and filling temperature ranges very widly. In the contact metasomatic fluorite deposits, ore fluid were NaCl rich brines with moderate $CO_2$ content and filling temperatures range from $285^{\circ}C$ to above $360^{\circ}C$. Fluids inclusions in tungsten and sulfide minerals bearing fluorite veins show high $CO_2$ content up to 31wt. %. Filling temperature ranges from $101^{\circ}C$ to $310^{\circ}C$. Fluids inclusions In mainly fluorite bearing veins were more dilute brine and low $CO_2$ contents. Filling temperatures range from $95^{\circ}C$ to $312^{\circ}C$. Filling temperature of fluid inclusions of Keumsan district are between $95^{\circ}C$ and $237^{\circ}C$. Data gathered from geologic, mineralogic and fluid inclusion studies reveal that fluorite mineralization in H wacheon district proceeded at low temperature with dilute brine and low $CO_2$ content. In Hwangganri district, fluorite mineralization proceeded by several pulse of chemically distinct ore fluids and formed the mineralogically different type of deposits around cooling granite pluton which emplaced comparatively shallow depth.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2006

Objective : In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression and its impact on the healthrelated Quality of life (HRQoL) of the patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on Hemodialysis. Method : The Quality of life (QOL) of patients was evaluated by HRQoL Questionnaire, "Medical Outcome Survey 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Korean Version (SF-36-K)". The patients on Hemodialysis in ESRD, were chosen from the hemodialytic room at Wonkwang University and Jeongeup-Asan Hospital. The number of patients was 95 (64 from Wonkwang University Hospital and 31 from Jeongeup-Asan Hospital) and all of them were above 19 years old. We performed various investigations to find a statistical correlations between HRQoL and physical & psychosocial factors such as the demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics (hemoglobin level and albumin level etc), and the score of Beck's depressive inventory (BDI). Results : The HRQoL value of patients on hemodialysis in ESRD is far poorer than the HRQoL reference value of Koreans and Americans, who are in normal healthly. The prevalence of depressive symptoms by BDI of the ESRD patients on hemodialysis is 68.6%, and age and depression have negative correlations with HRQoL of the patients. However, education level, serum albumin level, and social support have positive correlations with HRQoL. The patient group with depression has significantly poorer HRQoL than the group without depression. Conclusion : The HRQoL of ESRD patients on hemodialysis is not good in both physical and mental aspects. The prevalence of depression is very high and depression has negative impact of HRQoL of patients. Based on our study, it is essential to accompany with therapeutic Strategy to improve the HRQoL of ESRD patients on hemodialysis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.198-203
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• 2011

The BMD difference depending on QCT and QUS, whose usages are recently being increased for the test of BMD, was accessed for 106 subjects of a general health examination who were aged between 24~69 year-old and results were derived as follows. The measured value of BMD by QCT and QUS showed significant correlation in general (p>0.05). In terms of the difference generated between the measurement methods depending on sexes, the female subjects showed significantly low T-score in the test made through QUS (p<0.05). Depending on ages, there was T-score difference among the subjects aged more than 40 year-old within significant range (p<0.05). When it came to the effect depending on heights and on weights, no group showed significant difference and in a group with less than 22.9 of BMI value, the T-score was measured significantly low when testing it through QCT while other groups were not affected by any testing methods. Likewise, it may require a different measurement method when it comes to the measurement of bone mineral density depending on sex, age, height, and BMI among patients. Thus, it suggests obtaining accurate data by conducting various testing methods in case of a special occasion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1997

To evaluate the prevalence of food allergies and the causative food allergens, 1,469 subjects in various age groups were studied by using a food Allergy questionnaire. Also, specific food antibodies were tested with the MAST method, a chemiluminescent assay, in 84 people who have a positive history of food allergies. The results were as follows : Among the total number of 1,469 subjects, about one- half of the total number(46.6%) have a family history of allergies. According to the questionnaire, the prevalence of food allergies was 11.4%. The group with a family history of allergies showed a higher Prevalence than the group without a family history. Skin allergies were the most common type of food allergies in both groups of male and female subjects. The questionnaire revealed mackerel as the most common food allergen, followed by the allergens of peach, pork, chicken, milk and eggs in decreasing order. According to the MAST allergy test, these diagnosed with an actual food allergy totalled 4.1% of the subjects. Peach and pork were the most common food allergens listed on the MAST results.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.847-854
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• 2014

Different herbs and spices have been used as feed additives for various purposes in poultry production. This study was conducted to assess the effect of feed supplemented with black pepper (Piper nigrum), turmeric powder (Curcuma longa), coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) and their combinations on the performance of broilers. A total of 210 (Cobb) one-d-old chicks were divided into seven groups of 30 birds each. The treatments were: a control group received no supplement, 0.5% black pepper (T1), 0.5% turmeric powder (T2), 2% coriander seeds (T3), a mixture of 0.5% black pepper and 0.5% turmeric powder (T4), a mixture of 0.5% black pepper and 2% coriander seed (T5), and a mixture of 0.5% black pepper, 0.5% turmeric powder and 2% coriander seeds (T6). Higher significant values of body weight gain during the whole period of 5 weeks (p<0.001) were observed in broilers on T1, T3, T5, and T6 compared to control. Dietary supplements with T1, T2, T3, and T6 improved the cumulative G:F of broilers during the whole period of 5 weeks (p<0.001) compared with control. The dressing percentage and edible giblets were not influenced by dietary supplements, while higher values of relative weight of the liver (p<0.05) were obtained in T5 and T6 compared to control. The addition of feed supplements in T5 and T6 significantly increased serum total protein and decreased serum glucose, triglycerides and alkaline phosphatase concentrations compared with the control group (p<0.05). Broilers on T6 showed significant decrease in the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase concentration (p<0.05) compared to control. The broilers having T5 and T6 supplemented feed had relatively greater antibody titre (p<0.001) at 35 d of age than control. It is concluded that dietary supplements with black pepper or coriander seeds or their combinations enhanced the performance and health status of broiler chickens.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.377-385
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• 1993

Five hundred and fifty patients treated for carcinoma of the uterine cervix at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital from 1979 to 1986, were analyzed retrospectively for late bladder complications. Of them,468 patients received primary radiotherapy for the cervix cancer in intact uterus, and the other 82 patients were treated postoperatively. The cumulative incidence of radiation induced bladder complication of grade 2 or 3 was $2.5\%$ at five years. The mean bladder dose for the group of patients with complication was higher than that of the group without complication, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). But relationship between mean bladder dose and severity of complication was not found. The frequency of complication (grade I, II, III) increased as a function of radiation dose to bladder from $5.0\%$ for patients with bladder dose less than 6,500 cGy to $27.7\%$ for patients with bladder dose higher than 8,000 cGy. Among various factors, the age of patient and the distance between ovoids turned out to have significant effect on the complication.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.738-742
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• 2005

This study was designed to investigate the anti-dementia effects of acorn (Quercus acutissima CARR.) in brain of the mouse. Dementia model was induced by administration of scopolamin (30 mg/kg BW) Male ICR mouse $(30{\pm}2g\;BW)$ were fed basal diet (control group), and experimental diets (AP-5 and AP-10 groups) added $5\%\;and\;10\%$ of dried acorn powder to basal diet for 8 months. Acetylcholine content significantly increase in AP-5 and AP-10 groups ($4.2\%\;and\;11.3\%$, respectively) compared with control group. Acetylcholinesterase activities were significantly inhibited ($13.5\%\;and\;17.6\%$, respectively) in brain of AP-5 and AP-10 groups. Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) activities were significantly inhibited ($10.0\%\;and\;12.7\%$, respectively) in brain of AP-S and AP-10 groups. These results suggest that acorn (Q. acutissima CARR.) may play an effective role in an attenuating various age-related changes such as dementia including learning and memory impairments in brain.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 1994

Conduct disorder is a heterogenous disorder of various etiology affecting 4-10% of school-age children. There is suggestive evidence that the comorbid group of conduct disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is different from these two separated diseases groups. There findings suggest that this comorbid group may present a meaningful subgroup. This study is conducted to examine the content validity of hyperkinetic conduct disorder that accepted first in International Classification of Disease 10th edition. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Using Conners Parenting Rating Scale, Parent Rating Scale Form for DSM-III-R, the mean scores of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in conduct disorder were significantly higher compared with those of normal controls. 2) 72.4% of conduct disorder and 41.5% of normal control groups showed simultaneous attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The diffenence between conduct disorder and normal control groups was significant. There were many previous informations that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had conduct disorder as comorbid disorder and these result show that children with conduct disorder also significantly had attention attention deficit hyperactivity disorder reversibly. Then these show that hyperkinetic conduct disorder-diagnosis used when both the overall criteria for hyperkinetic disorders and the overall criteria for conduct disorders are met-have satisfactory content validity. Biological, familial or long term studies are needed to further validate this diagnostic category.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the nerve damage after tooth extraction and implant surgery, and to establish a predictive model for assessment and management of dysesthesia. In this questionnaire study, the subjects chosen for this study were 276 dentists who answered the questionnaire about dysesthesia after tooth extraction and implant surgery. The analysis of the results consist of the sex and age distribution, affected site, associated symptoms, rate and duration of the recovery. The results are summarized as follows. : 1. There were no significant difference between the sex and the dysesthesia. 2. The most common affected site was the mandibular region. In the group of the implant surgery, 100% affected the mandibular site. The tooth extraction group was 93.2% affected. 3. Pain was one of the most associated symptom with dysesthesia-46.5% of the tooth extraction and 44.8% of the implant surgery. 4. The recovery ratio was 72.3% in the tooth extraction, 71.8% in the implant surgery. Most of them, they recovered in $1{\sim}6$ months. In conclusion, most of dysesthesia may be recovered within 1 year. However, the possibility of persistent dysesthesia should not be neglected. Therefore, practitioners must discuss the possibility of nerve injury with their patients, and include this possibility in the consent forms. Various methods of monitoring recovery of sensation should be considered for objective assessment of prognosis. In addition, immediate referral to orofacial pain specialists can offer the patients an opportunity for more effective and noninvasive treatments.