• Title/Summary/Keyword: Various Solvents

Search Result 784, Processing Time 0.033 seconds

Antioxidant Activity of Various Solvent Extracts Obtained from A Maillard-type Browning Reaction Mixture (각종용매(各種溶媒)로부터 추출(抽出)한 Maillard형(型) 갈색화반응(褐色化反應) 생성물(生成物)의 산화억제작용(酸化抑制作用))

  • Won, Jong-Tai;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.12 no.4
    • /
    • pp.235-241
    • /
    • 1980
  • Equal portions of a Maillard-type browning mixture (0.2 M glucose+0.2 M glycine), heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr, were extracted with the same amounts of eight solvents, respectively. The extracts were then dissolved in equal amounts of an edible soybean oil, and the resulting substrates and a portion of the soybean oil (Control) were stored in an incubator kept at $45.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ for three weeks. Peroxide values and TBA values of Control and the substrates were determined regularly during the storage period. The POVs of Control and the substrates containing acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, diethyl ether, methanol, methylene chloride, and petroleum ether extracts after 12 days of storage were respectively $60.0{\pm}3.6$, $31.9{\pm}0.9$, $37.6{\pm}2.2$, $48.1{\pm}1.1$, $11.9{\pm}1.3$, $4.85{\pm}0.4$, $11.5{\pm}1.0$, $45.3{\pm}0.3$, and $43.3{\pm}4.2\;m.\;mole/kg\;oil$. The TBA values after 16 days of storage were respectively $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.20{\pm}0.01$, $0.21{\pm}0.01$, $0.26{\pm}0.03$, $0.16{\pm}0.02$, $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.17{\pm}0.01$, $0.33{\pm}0.05$, and $0.31{\pm}0.02$. The induction periods (arbitrarily taken as the time in hours for a substrate to reach a peroxide value of 30 m. mole/kg oil) of Control and the substrates were respectively 193, 280, 252, 220, 478, 229, 455, 217, and 214 hr. The antioxidant activity of each extract estimated on the basis of the length of the induction periods was, in decreasing order, as follows; ethanol>methanol>acetone>benzene>diethyl ether>chloroform, pertroleum ether, methylene chloride.

  • PDF

Synthesis and Film Properties of Cross-linked Polysulfone with Imide Side Chain (이미드 곁가지로 가교되는 폴리설폰의 합성 및 필름 특성)

  • Lee Eun-Sang;Hong Sung-Kwon;Kim Yong-Seok;Lee Jae-Heung;Kim In-Sun;Won Jong-Chan
    • Polymer(Korea)
    • /
    • v.30 no.2
    • /
    • pp.140-145
    • /
    • 2006
  • The mort commonly available substrate material is glass in the display fibrication process. However, glass is not desirable due to its heaviness and fragility. Recently, plastics such polysulfone (PSF), polyethesulfone (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and cyclic olefin polymers (COP) have been investigated to replace glass as a substrate material for display fibrication. Plastic substrates are advantageous in that they are lightweight, huh impart resistance, flexibility, and ability for roll to roll manufacturing process. But many plastics have poor chemical resistance in organic solvent. The chemica resistance is also lequired because they are exposed to solvents for various chemical treatments din the manufacturing process. So, we have an interest in the chemical modification of PSF to improve chemical resistance. We introduced crosslinkable imide moieties using chloromethylation method for the modification of PSF which could be overcome above shortcomings for display substrate based on plastic film. We prepared the cross-linked polysulfone films which were represented chemical resistance in HeOH, THF, DMSO and NMP. The thermal properties were measured by TGA, DSC and TMA. As the results, we have confirmed to enhance of the thermal property. They had low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) which decreased to 15% and had increased $T_g\;from\;180^{\circ}C\;to\;252^{\circ}C$. Cross-linked polysulfone films with imide side-chain had good optical properties and chemical resistance so that they could be used as flexible display substrate.

The Characteristic Studies of Powder Coating System in Wet Slurry Processing Powder Foundation (습식공정 파우더 파운데이션에서 파우더 코팅 시스템의 특성 연구)

  • Lee, Chan-Ki;Lee, Su-Jin;Choi, Jae-Wook;Choi, Yeong-Jin;Han, Shang-Hoon
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
    • /
    • v.36 no.3
    • /
    • pp.227-231
    • /
    • 2010
  • Among various make-up products, foundations are widely used to express clear and flawless skin. Foundations can be classified by its formula to 3 types, liquid foundation, powder foundation, and oil dispersion foundation. Powder foundations are easy to carry and use, so it is commonly possessed. In the R&D point of view, the developing method of powder foundations can be classified again to 3 types. Dry-process, baked-process, and the wet slurry-process. The fact that the wet slurry-process goes through either the back injection method or the front injection method is previously known. The front injection process is used as the main method in this study. We observed the quality dependence on the kind of solvent and the powder coating system. In brief, when water was used as the main solvent, the hardness increased than when volatile silicones or hydrocarbons were used. And the sensory results were shown to prefer volatile solvents (silicones or hydrocarbons) over water. Similarly, when the amino acid-coating system was applied, the hardness was shown to increase, when silicone-coating system shown no specific change. By these results, tailor-made powder foundations targeting specific customer grades can be easily produced.

Isolation and Identification of a Novel Anticancer Compound from Solanum nigrum (용규(Solanum nigrum)에서 HT29 세포에 대한 신규 항암 활성 단일 물질 분리)

  • Yun, Hee Jung;Jung, Jong Hun;Hyun, Sook Kyung;Kim, Byung Woo;Kwon, Hyun Ju
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.24 no.3
    • /
    • pp.234-241
    • /
    • 2014
  • To identify and isolate anticancer active compounds from Solanum nigrum, S. nigrum was extracted with MeOH and then fractionated with various organic solvents ($CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$). The cytotoxic effects of the MeOH extracts from S. nigrum and its organic solvent-soluble fractions were also tested in HT29 cells. All the MeOH extracts of S. nigrum and its organic-solvent extracts induced cytotoxicity in the HT29 cells. Among the extracts, $H_2O$ was the most effective. The $H_2O$ extract was purified further by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Diaion HP- 20, and RP-18 column chromatography. An active anticancer compound, Des-N-26-methylene-dihydrotomatidine, was isolated with a molecular weight of 416 and a molecular formula of $C_{28}H_{48}O_2$. Analysis of the cytotoxic effects of Des-N-26-methylene-dihydrotomatidine on the HT29 cells compared to those of tomatine and tomatidine are similar in its structure, is higher than tomatidine above the 40 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration, but lower than tomatine. This is the first study to describe the anticancer activity of Des-N-26-methylene-dihydrotomatidin, isolated from S. nigrum. Des-N-26- methylene-dihydrotomatidine seems to have potential as a natural bioactive compound.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activities of Solvent Fraction from Humulus japonicus (환삼덩굴의 용매분획별 항균성 및 항산화성)

  • Park, Seung-Woo;Woo, Cheol-Joo;Chung, Shin-Kyo;Chung, Ki-Taek
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.26 no.4
    • /
    • pp.464-470
    • /
    • 1994
  • The biological activities of Humulus japonicus were extracted by water and methanol. Methanol was better solvent than water in the extraction for antimicrobial activities against six different species of bacteria and two yeasts. The methanol extract was systematically fractionated with various organic solvents which have different polarities. From the result of antimicrobial activities against six species of bacteria and two species of yeasts, methanol extract was superior to water extract. The methanol extract of Humulus japonicus showed antimicrobial activity against the all species of microorganisms tested except Escherichia coli . The butanol fraction of methanol extract showed antimicrobial effect on the all species tested. The minimal inhibition concentration(MIC) of the butanol fraction on the growth of microorganisms was ranged between $0.1{\sim}0.4%$. The water extract of Humulus japonicus did not show inhibition of the activity of trypsin but methanol extract showed inhibitory activity. The chloroform fraction of methanol extract showed comparatively higher trypsin inhibitory activity than other fractions. The concentration of 50% inhibition$(IC_{50})$ by chloroform fraction was 1.0 mg/ml. Enzyme-inhibitor complex formation was above 90% of the while for 20 min. It was revealed that methanol extract of Humulus japonicus inhibited peroxide production of lard and soybean oil as substrate by antioxidative test. The chloroform fraction of methanol extract had the highest activity. When 0.2% of chloroform fraction was added, induction period of soybean oil and lard were extended 15, 9 days, respectively.

  • PDF

Antioxidative Activity of Gallic Acid in Acorn Extract (도토리 Gallic Acid의 항산화성)

  • Lee, Mi-Hyun;Jeong, Jae-Hong;Oh, Man-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.21 no.6
    • /
    • pp.693-700
    • /
    • 1992
  • As an approach to study a new natural antioxidant for edible fats and oils, antioxidative fractions from acorn powder were characterized. The oxidative stabilities of soybean, palm, beef tallow, and lard oil containing the acorn active fraction extracted with various organic solvents were studied by determining the peroxide value during the storage at $60^{\circ}C.$ And this effective antioxidative components were isolated and identified by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The proximate compositions of acorn powder were water 11.9~12.0%, protein 7.1~7.4%, starch 65.5~69.4%, fat 2.1~2.6%, fiber 2.1~3.6%, ash 2.4~2.6%, and total tannin 4.6~6.8%, respectively. The final yield of fraction extracted by sequential order of acetone : $H_2O$(1 : 1) and ethylacetate was 2.8~3.1%. Gallic acid, digallic acid and gallotannin were contained this final fraction. The main antioxidative activity was speculated due to the presence of gallic acid in acorn powder extract. The antioxidative activity was more effective in fat water emulsion than just fat system. Antioxidative activities measured by peroxide value were quite high in beef tallow and soybean emulsion, but low in lard and palm oil emulsion in the concentration of 200ppm acorn extract. Therefore, the addition of 200ppm acorn extract was suggested to expect effective antioxidation concentration in the reaction system.

  • PDF

Studies on the Biological Active Substance produced by a Strain of Streptomyces sp. Part I. Isolation and Biological Characterization of the Substance (Streptomyces속 균주가 생성한 물질의 생물활성에 관한 연구 제 I보 생성물질의 분이및 그 생화학적성질)

  • 송방호;서정훈
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.3 no.2
    • /
    • pp.63-68
    • /
    • 1975
  • A biological active substance was isolated from the cultured medium of Streptomyces sp. and its biochemical characteristics were investigated. Isolation process of the substance was as follows; the pH of filterate of the cultured medium was adjusted to 3.0 with N-hydrochloric acid and saturated with sodium chloride, then chloroform was added to this filterate in one fifth portions and stirred vigorously. After extracting the active substance with chloroform in 3 stages, the chloroform layer combined and evaporatea after dehydrating with sodium sulfate. The substance was found to be to be toxic to various fresh water fishes; the lethal dose for an average size Pseudorasbora parva T. et. S. was 50ug per ml. In the acidic condition, the toxicity of the substance remained fora long time, while in the alkaline state, the toxicity was decreased very fast. This substance was found to be stable to organic solvents, but labile to heat treatment. The maximal revival time of Pseudorasbora parva T. et. S. was about 20 minutes in 25 ug/ml of the substance solution.

  • PDF

Simultaneous Determination of Pesticides in Water Using a GC/MS Coupled with Micro Extraction by Packed Sorbent (MEPS-GC/MS를 이용한 농약류 동시 수질분석)

  • Lee, Ki-chang;Lee, Wontae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.37 no.5
    • /
    • pp.262-268
    • /
    • 2015
  • This study established an analytical method to simultaneously determine six organophosphorous pesticides [methyldemetone-S, diazinon, fenitrothion, parathion, phentoate, and O-ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (EPN)] and carbaryl in water using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system coupled with on-line micro extraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV) injector. Polystyrene divinylbenzene (PDVB) was used as a sorbent of MEPS. The effects of elution solvents, pH, elution volume and draw-eject cycles of samples on sample pretreatment process were investigated. Also, quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) and the recovery of the pesticides in environmental samples were evaluated. The elution was performed using $30{\mu}L$ of a mixed solvent (acetone : dichloromethane = 80 : 20 (v/v)). Sample pretreatment processes were optimized with seven cycles of draw-eject of sample (1 mL) spiking an internal standard and sulfuric acid. At lower pH, the analytical sensitivity of diazinon decreased, but that of carbaryl increased. The method detection limit and the limit of quantification for this method were 0.02~0.18 and $0.08{\sim}0.59{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The method precision and accuracy were 1.5~11.5% and 83.3~129.8%, respectively, at concentrations of $0.5{\sim}5.0{\mu}g/L$. The recovery rates for all the pesticides except carbaryl in various environmental samples ranged 75.7~129.3%. The recovery rate of carbaryl in effluent sample was over 200% whereas carbaryl in drinking water, groundwater, and river water were in the acceptable range.

The Character Impact Compounds of Odor Evolved from Cooked Shore Swimming Crab Flesh (민꽃게 자숙취의 핵심 향기발현성분)

  • Oh Kwang Soo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.35 no.2
    • /
    • pp.122-129
    • /
    • 2002
  • In order to elucidate a responsible mechanism for the development of the odor characteristics of cooked desirable flavoring materials such as crab and shrimp, shore swimming crab flesh were extracted with various solvents and resulting extracts were evaluated organoleptically after cooking. As a result, $80\%$ aqueous methanol extract (AME) was found to produce a cooked desirable flavoring odor. After dialysis of AME, outer dialyzate was fractionated by ionexchange column chromatography, and each of the fraction obtained was subjected to cooking, fellowed by organoleptic evaluation. The outer dialyzate fraction, acidic and amphoteric fraction produced a cooked crab-like odor, On the basis of the composition of $80\%$ AME, an artificial crab extract was prepared with pure chemicals. The artificial crab extract thus obtained closely resembled $80\%$ AME in respect of the cooked odor. To elucidate the role of individual components, the artificial extracts from which certain component alone or as group was omitted were subjected to organoleptic evaluation after cooking. All of neutral, acidic, basic, and sulfur containing amino acids and quarternary base compounds were involved in the development of the cooked crab-like odor. The cooked odor of artificial extract without addition of ribose was lacking in the characteristics of cooked crab odor, and phosphorus compound accelerated the development of the cooked crab-like odor.

Biological Activities of Yellow Garlic Extract (황마늘 추출물의 생리활성)

  • Kang, Jae Ran;Hwang, Cho Rong;Sim, Hye Jin;Kang, Min Jung;Kang, Sang Tae;Shin, Jung Hye
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.44 no.7
    • /
    • pp.983-992
    • /
    • 2015
  • This study investigated the quality characteristics and biological activities, such as antioxidant, whitening, anti-diabetes, and anti-inflammatory activities, of yellow garlic, by simplify processing time and manufacturing process compared with black garlic. Extracts were prepared various ratios of water and ethanol solvent [water : ethanol (v/v)=100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, 0:100] from yellow garlic. Alliin content of yellow garlic showed no difference compared with fresh garlic, whereas S-allyl cysteine content of yellow garlic was higher than that of fresh garlic. Alliin content of yellow garlic extracts increased in an ethanol concentration-dependent manner. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were highest in 100% ethanol extract. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities did not show significant differences among 0~70% ethanol extracts, whereas 100% ethanol extract showed the highest contents of 93.45% and 91.46%, respectively. Tyrosinase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities were also highest in 100% ethanol extract, but did not show significant differences among the extract solvents. Water and ethanol extracts from yellow garlic showed anti-inflammatory effects by modulating production of NO and cytokines at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. We suggest that yellow garlic has antioxidant, whitening, anti-diabetes, and anti-inflammatory activities and can be used as a functional material similar to black garlic.