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The Character Impact Compounds of Odor Evolved from Cooked Shore Swimming Crab Flesh

민꽃게 자숙취의 핵심 향기발현성분

  • Oh Kwang Soo (Division of Marine Bioscience/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 오광수 (경상대학교 해양생물이용학부 및 해양산업연구소)
  • Published : 2002.03.01

Abstract

In order to elucidate a responsible mechanism for the development of the odor characteristics of cooked desirable flavoring materials such as crab and shrimp, shore swimming crab flesh were extracted with various solvents and resulting extracts were evaluated organoleptically after cooking. As a result, $80\%$ aqueous methanol extract (AME) was found to produce a cooked desirable flavoring odor. After dialysis of AME, outer dialyzate was fractionated by ionexchange column chromatography, and each of the fraction obtained was subjected to cooking, fellowed by organoleptic evaluation. The outer dialyzate fraction, acidic and amphoteric fraction produced a cooked crab-like odor, On the basis of the composition of $80\%$ AME, an artificial crab extract was prepared with pure chemicals. The artificial crab extract thus obtained closely resembled $80\%$ AME in respect of the cooked odor. To elucidate the role of individual components, the artificial extracts from which certain component alone or as group was omitted were subjected to organoleptic evaluation after cooking. All of neutral, acidic, basic, and sulfur containing amino acids and quarternary base compounds were involved in the development of the cooked crab-like odor. The cooked odor of artificial extract without addition of ribose was lacking in the characteristics of cooked crab odor, and phosphorus compound accelerated the development of the cooked crab-like odor.

민꽃게를 시료로 하여 바람직한 갑각류 향기성분의 전구물질부가 되는 character impact compounds의 검색 및 게 자숙향기의 발현에 대하여 검토하였다. Methanol이 냄새성분의 전구물질 추출에 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 추출횟수는 3회 정도로 완전추출이 가능했으며, 이때 methanol의 농도는 $80\%$일 때가 냄새의 강도가 가장 강한 것으로 나타났다. 시료 게의 냄새성분의 전구물질부를 구명하기 위해 투석 및 이온 교환수지 방법 등을 이용해 냄새성분 전구물질부를 분획하고 관능검사한 결과, 게 자숙취의 전구물질은 수용성이고 투석성의 저분자 성분으로, 산성 및 양성성분의 물질을 주체로 하여 여러 가지 성분이 동시에 가열될 때 발생하는 것이라고 생각되었다 게육 특유의 자숙취를 발현시킬 목적으로, 민꽃게 육의 $80\%$ methanol 추출성분의 조성에 근거한 합성 게육 엑스분의 조제하여 100$^{\circ}C$C에서 30분간 열처리하여 발생하는 냄새를 천연 게육의 자숙취와 비교하여 볼 때, 냄새의 조화성 면에서는 다소 떨어지나 양시료 사이에는 거의 차이가 없었다. 한편, 천연 및 합성 게육의 자숙취를 GC로 분석하여 chromatogram의 pattern을 비교한 결과 저·중비점 물질의 경우 양자가 서로 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 게 자숙취의 발현에는 염기성아미노산을 비롯한 아미노산류의 역할이 컸으며, ribose와 염기성아미노산 간에 일어나는 Maillard 반응에 의해 생성되는 휘발성화합물, 그리고 4급 암모니움염기가 민꽃게 자숙취의 주요 요소가 될 것으로 추정되었다.

Keywords

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