• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.85-95
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to research appearance management behaviors through their interests in appearance and the degree of their management among the undergraduates to research the effects of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, self-esteem, and perceptive physical attractiveness on their face and hair management behaviors and to provide the effective data to form the marketing strategies for the beauty and fashion markets for the undergraduates. Total 900 questionnaires were distributed to the female/male undergraduates students in Daegu and Gyungbuk. 873 questionnaires out of 900 were collected and 825 questionnaires were selected as the final objects of this study. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, and Cronbach a were used to analyze the data using SPSS 12.0 statistics program. To examine the effects among variables, univariate analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis were conducted. The followings are the findings of analyzing and considering the research results through statistically processing each variable and those of the existing researches. 1. In terms of face management behaviors, internalization and awareness as sociocultural attitudes and social physical attractiveness among physical attractiveness perceptive showed positive effects. 2. In hair management behaviors, social physical and personal physical attractiveness out of physical attractiveness perceptive seemed to have positive effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.423-430
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to (a) measuring attitude and satisfaction of Yonsei university students towards contracted vs. rented university foodservices, (b) determine university students' overall satisfaction & perception regarding the factors improved towards university foodservice and (c) provide recommendation on marketing strategies for university foodservices. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 600 Yonsei University students by designated coordinators. A total of 549 questionnaires were usable; resulting in an 93% response rate. The survey was conducted between October 12 to October 18, 1995. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS Programs for descriptive analysis, T-test, ${\chi}^2-test$, ANOVA, Factor Analysis and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Performance mean score for contracted foodservice management in terms of food, menu, price, hygiene, facilities was higher than for rented foodservice management. 2. The average satisfaction score for contracted foodservice management in terms of price was lower than for rented foodservice management. There was no gap between contracted foodservice management and rented foodservice management in overall satisfaction score and price satisfaction score. 3. Perception regarding the factors improved of thirteen factors to be improved except operating hours, waiting time, price, food quantity were perceived as better by students. 4. Perception regarding the factors improved have correlation with foodservice qualify attribute's performance. 5. According to multiple regression analysis, 92.05% of the variance in respondents' satisfaction score could be explained by procedure after meal, purchasing procedure, operating hours, availability of breakfast, waiting time, atmosphere, price, facilities, service endeavor to survey satisfaction in foodservice, availability of kitchen and wall space, portion size, taste of food, change of cafeteria name, the number of seats, and variety of menu.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) with participation in badminton and to find the effects of badminton on the shoulder joint. Methods: A questionnaire was answered by 143 people with shoulder pain and disability in badminton clubs located in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do. Out of the 143 subjects (91 males, 52 females), about half (72 people) were over 40 years old, with 71 people over 50 years old. The questionnaire contained 27 questions involving demographic participation characteristics, playing characteristics, and SPADI. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistics program to conduct frequency analysis, cross analysis, the t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: The correlation between badminton career, frequency of play, and SPADI was statistically significant. There was a significant increase in SPADI scores for players over 40 years old. The over 40 year old group with less than 5 years of badminton had a significantly increase in SPADI score. The over 50 year old group showed a significantly lower SPADI score compared with the over 40 group. Conclusion: We suggest that beginner badminton players learn correct posture and badminton skills from professionals, participate regularly, and maintain an appropriate intensity/frequency of badminton.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.661-670
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• 2018

This study aims to develop a methodology of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to produce thematic maps from remote sensing data. Optimizing the image size for CNNs was studied, since the size of the image affects to accuracy, working as hyper-parameter. The selected study area is Mt. Ung, located in Dangjin-si, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea, consisting of both coniferous forest and deciduous forest. Spatial structure analysis and the classification of forest type using CNNs was carried in the study area at a diverse range of scales. As a result of the spatial structure analysis, it was found that the local variance (LV) was high, in the range of 7.65 m to 18.87 m, meaning that the size of objects in the image is likely to be with in this range. As a result of the classification, the image measuring 15.81 m, belonging to the range with highest LV values, had the highest classification accuracy of 85.09%. Also, there was a positive correlation between LV and the accuracy in the range under 15.81 m, which was judged to be the optimal image size. Therefore, the trial and error selection of the optimum image size could be minimized by choosing the result of the spatial structure analysis as the starting point. This study estimated the optimal image size for CNNs using spatial structure analysis and found that this can be used to promote the application of deep-learning in remote sensing.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.92-97
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• 2021

The importance of processes in cryogenic environments is increasing in a way to address problems such as critical dimension (CD) narrow and bottlenecks in micro-processing. Accordingly, in this paper, we proceed with the design and analysis of Electrostatic Chuck(ESC) and Coolant in cryogenic environments, and present optimal model conditions to provide the temperature distribution analysis of ESC in these environments and the appropriate optimal design. The wafer temperature uniformity was selected as the reference model that the operating conditions of the refrigerant of the liquid nitrogen in the doubled aluminum path were excellent. Design of simulation (DOS) was carried out based on the wheel settings within the selected reference model and the classification of three mass flow and diameter case, respectively. The comparison between factors with p-value less than 0.05 indicates that the optimal design point is when five turns of coolant have a flow rate of 0.3 kg/s and a diameter of 12 mm. ANOVA determines the interactions between the above factor, indicating that mass flow is the most significant among the parameters of interests. In variable selection procedure, Case 2 was also determined to be superior through the two-Sample T-Test of the mean and variance values by dividing five coolant wheels into two (Case 1 : 2+3, Case 2: 3+2). Finally, heat transfer analysis processes such as final difference method (FDM) and heat transfer were also performed to demonstrate the feasibility and adequacy of the analysis process.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate a comparative study on the effects of maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and thickness of the abdominal muscles through two Kegel exercise postures. Methods : Twenty eight (male= 7, female= 21) subjects participated in this experiment. They performed Kegel exercise in sitting and hooklying. The order of exercise was conducted in the order chosen by the subjects to exclude the learning effect. The MVV was measured using a spirometer. The thickness of the abdominal muscles were measured by ultrasound. The MVV and thickness of the abdominal muscles were measured according to the manual in a sitting and hooklying position before the experiment. After each exercise, the MVV and thickness of the abdominal muscles were also measured in the same way. A one way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the MVV and thickness of the abdominal muscles according to two postures and post hoc analysis, Bonferroni was used. Results : As a result of this study, significant differences in the MVV were observed after exercise than before exercise (p<.05). However, as a result of post hoc analysis, there was no difference in the MVV according to the postures (p>.05). Significant differences in thickness of the abdominal muscles were observed after exercise than before exercise (p<.05). However, as a result of post hoc analysis, there was no difference in thickness of the abdominal muscles according to the postures (p>.05). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, the MVV and the thickness of the abdominal muscles were confirmed in the sitting and hooklying posture after Kegel exercise. However, further studies on vital capacity and abdominal muscles according to Kegel exercise postures should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.69-76
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• 2006

A reliability-groundwater flow analysis is performed and the influence of flow parameters on the probability of exceeding the threshold value is examined. For this study, the 3-D numerical groundwater flow program, DGU-FLOW, is developed by extending the 2-D flow program and is coupled to the first and second order reliability program. The 3-D flow program is verified by solving the examples of groundwater flow through the underground excavation and comparing the results from commercial MODFLOW program. Reliability routine of the program is also verified by comparing the probability of failure with that of Monte-Carlo Simulation. The reliability analysis of the groundwater flow showed that the probability of failure from the first and second order reliability method are quite close to that of Monte-Carlo Simulation. from the parametric study of hydraulic conductivity of soil layers, the increase of both mean and variance of hydraulic conductivity results in the increase of probability of exceeding the threshold flow quantity. The probability of failure was more sensitive to constant head located at the end of the flow domain than the other parameters.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2022

This study aims to provide basic information on the changes in lower body measurements and shapes of women in their 20s for developing better fitting slacks patterns and a more applicable sizing system that can be widely utilized for women of all ages. Factor and cluster analysis were performed on 1,360 women's direct measurement data within the age group from the 5^th (2004) and 7^th (2015) Korean Human Body Measurement Investigation. The factor analysis identified four factors and explained 82.54% of the total variance; Factor 1, horizontal measurements of lower body; Factor 2, vertical lengths of lower body; Factor 3, measurements of leg and hip areas; Factor 4, lengths of hip and crotch areas. The cluster analysis categorized the lower body shapes of each age group into four shapes; Shape 1, a petite lower body with short legs; Shape 2, a long lower body with medium built; Shape 3, an obese abdomen and legs; Shape 4, a short and slim lower body. Shape 4 (36.5%), Shape 2 (31.2%), Shape 1 (27.8%), and Shape 3 (4.5%) were placed in the order of frequency from the highest to lowest among all the age groups. The findings of this study showed gradual changes in the lower body measurements and shapes of women in their 20s and relevant physical features of each age group. They can be utilized for developing women's slacks patterns with better fitting and more comfort.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2017

This study evaluated the applicability of computer-aided diagnosis by retrospective analysis of GLCM algorithm based on cytopathological diagnosis of normal and malignant nodules in thyroid ultrasound images. In the experiment, the recognition rate and ROC curve of thyroid malignant nodule were analyzed using 6 parameters of GLCM algorithm. Experimental results showed 97% energy, 93% contrast, 92% correlation, 92% homogeneity, 100% entropy and 100% variance. Statistical analysis showed that the area under the curve of each parameter was more than 0.947 (p = 0.001) in the ROC curve, which was significant in the recognition of thyroid malignant nodules. In the GLCM, the cut-off value of each parameter can be used to predict the disease through analysis of quantitative computer-aided diagnosis.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.438-447
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of appearance-relative behaviors of adolescent female consumers on their awareness of heath harmfulness and skinny jeans purchasing behaviors and identifies the influential variables on the wearing satisfaction of skinny jeans. A survey was carried out with middle and high school female students and 386 responses were analyzed using descriptive analysis, factor analysis, a reliability test, and regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows, 1) From the results of the factor analysis on appearance-related behaviors and clothing benefits of skinny jeans for female adolescents, each of the variance assessments clearly showed factorial structures. 2) As a result of looking at the influences of appearance-relative behaviors on the clothing benefits of skinny jeans, respondents who paid more attention to their appearance tended to consider hygiene and activity comfort less important. In addition, respondents who had higher fashion concerns tended to consider aesthetic, practicability, desired trend, and activity comfort more important. 3) Respondents who had higher fashion concerns and considered activity comfort more important among skinny jeans benefits showed a higher level of satisfaction when wearing skinny jeans. However, respondents who thought aesthetic and health hygiene more important when buying skinny jeans showed a lower level of satisfaction when wearing skinny jeans. Female adolescents showed less satisfaction when wearing skinny jeans, as they perceived harmfulness about skinny jeans more.