• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2002

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate water distribution differences of the right and left low limb in patients who had low back pain with sciatica or not. Methods : Water distribution differences of the right and left low limb by body composition(INBODY 2.0, Biospace, seoul, korea) were analysed in the views of groups(low back pain with and without sciatica) and duration of disease. Results : 1. In the case of low back pain patient, there was no significance in variance of water distribution of the right and left lower limbs regardless of suffering period, but significance difference in patients that have suffered low back pain with one side sciatica showed according to suffering period. 2. Within 2 weeks, there was no significant deflection between low back pain with and without sciatica in water distribution of the right and left lower limbs, More than 2 weeks significant deflection showed. Conclusion : Loss of lower limb's muscle that ensue in contracting a disease period was observed in Low Back Pain with Sciatica. The continuos studies about pathological change of lower limb in low back pain have to be perfomed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.453-465
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• 2012

Purpose: The study was done to develop a shared decision-making scale for end-of-life patients in Korea. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 388 adults who lived in one of 3 Korean metropolitan cities: Seoul, Daegu, or Busan. Item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency were used to analyze the data. Data collection was done from July to October 2011. Results: Thirty-four items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 7 factors explaining 61.9% of the total variance. The factors were labeled as sharing information (9 items), constructing system (7 items), explanation as a duty (5 items), autonomy (4 items), capturing time (3 items), participation of family (3 items), and human respect (3 items). The scores for the scale were significantly correlated among shared decision-making scale, terminating life support scale, and dignified dying scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 34 items was .94. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the shared decision-making scale has a good validity and reliability when used for end-of-life patients in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of electroacupuncture stimulation on changes in blood biochemistry in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats whose cords were damaged by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Methods: Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley adult male rats were assigned to one of three groups: normal (n=7), control (n=7) and experimental group (n=7). The experimental group received electroacupuncture (Es-160, ITO, Japan) for 15 minutes in the form of low frequency (2 Hz) stimulation to the zusanli point. After treatment, we observed motor behavior recovery using the inclined plane test. We also measured serum and CNS concentrations and activities of enzymes including creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Immunoglobulin G (IgG). Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Concentrations of CK, ALP and IgG were lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Functional recovery was evaluated by the maximal angle of the inclined board on which rats could maintain their initial position. This allowed us to monitor progressive locomotor recovery. The maximal angles of the inclined plane test were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that electroacupuncture to the zusanli point has a therapeutic effect on functional recovery after SCI.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the accuracy of preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), when justified for other reasons, in locating the apical foramen and establishing the working length. Materials and Methods: Six electronic databases were searched for studies on this subject. All studies, of any type, were included if they compared measurements of working length with preoperative CBCT to measurements using an electronic apex locator (EAL) or histological reference standard. Due to the high levels of heterogeneity, an inverse-variance random-effects model was chosen, and weighted mean differences were obtained with 95% confidence intervals and P values. Results: Nine studies were included. Compared to a histological reference standard, CBCT indicated that the apical foramen was on average 0.40 mm coronal of its histological position, with a mean absolute difference of 0.48 mm. Comparisons were also performed to an EAL reference standard, but the conclusions could not be considered robust due to high levels of heterogeneity in the results. Conclusion: A low level of evidence is produced suggesting that preoperative CBCT shows the apical foramen to be on average 0.40 mm coronal to its histological position, with a mean absolute difference of 0.48 mm.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.1081-1091
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to disclose the effect of socio-demographic characteristics such as, age and ethnicity which is comprised of Malay, Chinese, Indian and Others on four financial capability domains namely planning ahead, managing money, choosing products and staying informed. A closed ended self-administered questionnaire was disseminated to a total of 2000 respondents among four types of groups which consist of FELDA or rural area residents, private sector employees, government sector employees and youth in institutions of higher learning in Malaysia. Those four groups were selected to cover a wide range of Malaysian population. 500 respondents were involved in this study for each types of groups through purposive sampling technique. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and analysis via Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was utilized in this study. The results revealed that age has significant effect on planning ahead, managing money, choosing products and staying informed. Whereas, ethnicities were found to have no effect on financial capability except planning ahead domain. It is suggested that more devotion should be placed on research and professional training in building respondents' financial capability. Furthermore, government and non-government organizations should develop a comprehensive approach to intensify their financial capability and upgrade their standards of living especially of financially vulnerable households.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.782-789
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• 2016

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the related factors of quality of life (QOL) among middle-aged male. Method. The participants in this study were 144 middle aged male. Between October and November 2016, data were collected through questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using PASW (SPSS) 21.0 program, and one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results. The mean QOL of this study was 2.99/5. The significant correlates of QOL were family support (${\beta}=.21$, p=.024), health status (${\beta}=.24$, p=.003), workplace spirituality ${\beta}=.55$, p<.001), and these variables explained 55.9% of variance in QOL. Conclusion. The study suggests that family support workplace spirituality are an important factors in explaining QOL of the middle-aged male. Therefore, it is necessary to be considered family support and workplace spirituality for promoting life satisfaction of middle-aged male.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.655-665
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• 2015

This study classified respondents by food-lifestyle and investigated differences in diet-related attitudes and demographic variables among food-lifestyle groups. Diet-related attitudes consisted of variables such as interest in diet, trial number of diet, diet period, weight loss, diet motivation, verification of products approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, verification of manufacturer's reliability, examination of damage cases and side effects, and awareness of consumer protection law. This study administered a questionnaire survey to adults between the ages of 20 and 39 who lived in Daegu and Uijeongbu from November 17th to December 14th 2014. Data collected from 293 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analyses, cluster analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests. Four clusters (passive eating habit group, active eating habit group, convenience oriented group, and taste and health oriented group) were developed according to four factors of food-lifestyle (health-conscious, popularity-seeking, taste-seeking, convenience-seeking). The results of the ANOVA and chi-square tests indicated significant differences in interest in diet, awareness of consumer protection law, verification of products approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, verification of manufacturer's reliability, examination of damage cases and side effects, gender, education levels and household monthly income levels among food-lifestyle groups.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.353-361
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of health promoting behavior in postpartal $4{\sim}6$ week women. The sample consisted of 104 postpartal women who experienced a vaginal delivery at four obstetrical clinics located in Kwangju city. Data were collected for two months from June 1 to July 30, 1997. Analysis of the data was done by use of percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coeficients, and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The range of total HPLP score was from 93 to 182 and the mean score of that was 142.28. In comparison of mean scores defending on each item of six demensions, self-actualization demension tended to showed hightest score(3.33) and exercise & rest demension, the lowest score(2.47). 2. The HPLP score was not significantly different defending on the general characteristics. 3. The HPLP score showed a positive correlation with family-support(r=.51) and self-efficacy(r=.41), but a inverse correlation with perceived barriers(r=-.27). 4. By using stepwise multiple regression analysis it was determined that the main influencing factors on the HPLP score were family-support(26%) and self-efficacy (8%). These variables made it possible to explain 34% of variance in HPLP score.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2021

Purpose: The study examined the effects of knowledge, attitude, and confidence on the education needs of nursing students with respect to patient safety management. The participants were 119 students from nursing college. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance(ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS program. Results: The student's educational needs with respect to patient safety management differed significantly by experience of patient safety accidents (p=.026) and experience of reporting medical errors (p<.001). Additionally, the educational needs with respect to patient safety management were found to have statistically significant positive relationships with both attitude (r=.39) and confidence (r=.37). Further, a total of 23% of the education needs with regard to patient safety management were explained by attitude and confidence. Conclusion: These results can be used to develop nursing students' education programs to enhance patient safety management competence be emphasizing the experience of patient safety accidents and reporting medical errors as well as improving the attitude and confidence of the students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the activity of trunk muscles according to width of the foot and posture of the arm during sit to stand (STS). METHODS: Thirty subjects were recruited and examined for variation in muscle activity of the erector spine, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and external oblique during different STS conditions; namely, the cross arm basic sit to stand (CBSTS), overhead basic sit to stand (OBSTS), cross arm wide sit to stand (CWSTS), and overhead wide sit to stand (OWSTS). Repeated measures ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used for analysis. RESULTS: Erector spinae muscle activity showed a significant increase in the OBSTS condition (p<.05) and external oblique muscle activity showed a significant increase in the OWSTS condition ((p<.05). There was no significant difference in the activity of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius under any conditions (p>.05). CONCLUSION: During evaluation of the performance of the STS, the CWSTS condition will be useful to decrease the muscle activity of the erector spinae and the OWSTS condition will be useful to increase the muscle activity of the external oblique. The results of this study can be used as an index to find a suitable exercise method for subjects who have back pain or to strengthen the abdomen.