• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2008

This paper has been fabricated the two different type of variable attenuators using a characteristics of a 3 dB directional coupler and pin diodes. One was not analyzed using the conventional even-odd modes but used simple two-port techniques. The resulting scattering parameters described operation characteristics for the general case where the terminating impedances are equal and unequal. After analyzing resistor role of the ${\pi}$ type fixed attenuator. this paper used a pin diode instead of a resistor. The variable attenuators were fabricated using pin diodes for current-controlled attenuation on the coupled ports of a 3 dB branch-line coupler and ${\pi}$ type fixed attenuator. The realized variable attenuators have more than 33 dB attenuation ranges at 2.1 GHz. and the input and output reflection coefficients are less than -13 dB. These results could be applied to mobile communication systems. It can be varied gain of the power amplifier according to change a outdoor environmental temperature and improved linearity.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2013

The use of roll-formed products increases every year due to its advantages, such as high production rates, reduced tooling cost and improved quality. However, till now, it is limited to part profiles with constant cross section. In recent years, the flexible roll forming process, which allows variable cross sections of profiles by adaptive roll stands, was developed. In this study, an attempt to optimize profile design for the flexible roll forming process was performed. An equation that predicts the longitudinal strain for part geometries with variable cross-sections was proposed. The relationship between geometrical parameters and the longitudinal strain was analyzed and investigations on the optimal profile design were performed. Experiments were conducted with a lab-scale roll forming machine to validate the proposed equation. The results show that the profile design method proposed in this study is feasible and parts with variable cross sections can be successfully fabricated with the flexible roll forming process.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

In-flight service, depending on the perceptions of service satisfaction because ever turns into a variable, which enables service providers the flexibility of a variable in the end flight service to suit your needs to providing comprehensive and proactive services of the crew will be motivated. In addition, the service provider's motivation to work in a confined space on board the flight service characteristics in-flight service will be a major impact on the environment. This service-oriented environment, in-flight service and motivation in order to verify the impact on services in Cape factors as independent variables and the dependent variable service-oriented multi-regression analysis was performed. As a result, the motivation of the crew and the crew of the service-oriented, with a voluntary service crew services dependent variable parameters that affect the behavior of the acts. Services and service-oriented motivation Cape factors significantly influence both the irradiated while the impact on voluntary service and results verification service aesthetics, cleanliness, and physical service environment, only the voluntary services of the crew a positive effect on that the effects were investigated.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 퍼지 이론을 이용한 풍력 터빈의 변화 속도 제어에 관해 다루고자 한다. 일반적인 풍력 터빈의 변화 속도는 복잡한 비선형성으로 나타내어지며, 플랜트를 구성하는 각 파라미터의 수치 역시 불확실하다. 이와 같은 복잡성을 해결하기 위하여, 우리는 비선형성 및 불확실성에 강인한 퍼지 제어 이론을 제안하고자 한다. 우선 풍력 터빈의 변화 속도에 대한 정확한 퍼지 모델링을 수행하게 된다. 그리고 재해석된 Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) 퍼지 모델에 적합한 제어기를 설계하게 되며, 리아푸노프 안정도에 기반한 시스템의 안정도를 증명하게 된다. 마지막으로, 가상 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 기법의 효율성을 입증하게 된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.783-800
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• 2011

This paper addresses the finite strip formulations for the stability analysis of viscoelastic composite plates with variable thickness in the transverse direction, which are subjected to in-plane forces. While the finite strip method is fairly well-known in the buckling analysis, hitherto its direct application to the buckling of viscoelastic composite plates with variable thickness has not been investigated. The equations governing the stiffness and the geometry matrices of the composite plate are solved in the time domain using both the higher-order shear deformation theory and the method of effective moduli. These matrices are then assembled so that the global stiffness and geometry matrices of a moderately thick rectangular plate are formed which lead to an eigenvalue problem that is solved to determine the magnitude of critical buckling load for the viscoelastic plate. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified against the results which have been reported elsewhere whilst a comprehensive parametric study is presented to show the effects of viscoelasticity parameters, boundary conditions as well as combined bending and compression loads on the critical buckling load of thin and moderately thick viscoelastic composite plates.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1474-1482
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• 2018

As an essential means of generator voltage regulation, excitation control plays an important role in controlling the stability of the power system. Therefore, the reasonable design of an excitation controller can help improve the system stability. In order to raise the robustness of the generator exciting system under outside interference and parametric perturbation and eliminate chattering in the sliding mode control, this paper presents a generator excitation control based on the quasi-sliding mode pseudo-variable structure control. A mathematical model of the synchronous generator is established by selecting its power, speed and voltage deviation as state variables. Then, according to the existing conditions of the quasi-sliding mode, a quasi-sliding mode pseudo-variable structure controller is designed, and the parameters of the controller are obtained with the method of pole configuration. Simulations show that compared with the existing methods, the proposed method is not only useful for accurate voltage regulation, but also beneficial to improving the robustness of the system at a time when perturbance happens in the system.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.361-377
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• 2019

The stiffness of shape memory alloy (SMA) spring while in actuation is represented by an empirical model that is derived from the logistic differential equation. This model correlates the stiffness to the alloy temperature and the functionality of SMA spring as active variable stiffness actuator (VSA) is analyzed based on factors that are the input conditions (activation current, duty cycle and excitation frequency) and operating conditions (pre-stress and mechanical connection). The model parameters are estimated by adopting the nonlinear least square method, henceforth, the model is validated experimentally. The average correlation factor of 0.95 between the model response and experimental results validates the proposed model. In furtherance, the justification is augmented from the comparison with existing stiffness models (logistic curve model and polynomial model). The important distinction from several observations regarding the comparison of the model prediction with the experimental states that it is more superior, flexible and adaptable than the existing. The nature of stiffness variation in the SMA spring is assessed also from the Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA), which as well proves the proposal. This model advances the ability to use SMA integrated mechanism for enhanced variable stiffness actuation. The investigation proves that the stiffness of SMA spring may be altered under controlled conditions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1193-1215
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• 2021

The measurement of the key product quality index plays an important role in improving the production efficiency and ensuring the safety of the enterprise. Since the actual working conditions and parameters will inevitably change to some extent with time, such as drift of working point, wear of equipment and temperature change, etc., these will lead to the degradation of the quality variable prediction model. To deal with this problem, the selective integrated moving windows based principal component regression (SIMV-PCR) is proposed in this study. In the algorithm of traditional moving window, only the latest local process information is used, and the global process information will not be enough. In order to make full use of the process information contained in the past windows, a set of local models with differences are selected through hypothesis testing theory. The significance levels of both T - test and χ² - test are used to judge whether there is identity between two local models. Then the models are integrated by Bayesian quality estimation to improve the accuracy of quality variable prediction. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive soft measurement method is verified by a numerical example and a practical industrial process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제86권3호
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• pp.349-359
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• 2023

This paper presents a technique for determining the optimal number of elements in stochastic finite element analysis based on reliability analysis. Using the change-of-variable perturbation stochastic finite element approach, the probability density function of the dynamic responses of stochastic structures is explicitly determined. This method combines the perturbation stochastic finite element method with the change-of-variable technique into a united model. To further examine the relationships between the random fields, discretization of the random field parameters, such as the variance function and the scale of fluctuation, is also performed. Accordingly, the reliability index is calculated based on the explicit probability density function of responses with Gaussian or non-Gaussian random fields in any number of elements corresponding to the random field discretization. The numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for a one-dimensional cantilever reinforced concrete column and a two-dimensional steel plate shear wall. The benefit of this method is that the probability density function of responses can be obtained explicitly without the use simulation techniques. Any type of random variable with any statistical distribution can be incorporated into the calculations, regardless of the restrictions imposed by the type of statistical distribution of random variables. Consequently, this method can be utilized as a suitable guideline for the efficient implementation of stochastic finite element analysis of structures, regardless of the statistical distribution of random variables.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권1A호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

이 논문은 양단회전 후좌굴 변단면 기둥의 기하 비선형 해석에 관한 연구이다. 기둥의 변단면은 변화폭, 변화깊이, 정방형 변단면으로 채택하였다. Bernoulli-Euler 보 이론을 이용하여 후좌굴 기둥의 정확탄성곡선을 지배하는 미분방정식을 유도하였다. 이 미분방정식은 두 개의 미지수를 가지며 이러한 미분방정식을 풀 수 있는 수치해석 방법을 개발하였다. 후좌굴 기둥의 수치해석 결과로 평형경로, 정확탄성곡선 및 합응력을 산정하였다. 실험을 통하여 후좌굴 거동의 이론을 검증하였다.