• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-80
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• 2009

Objectives: This study identified how personal characteristics, healthy behavior and social capital might influence on physical activity of adults. Methods: This study used data from the health survey of a city of Korea. We surveyed 1,000 adults sampled by stratified sampling methods from 67,889 households. Outcome variable was the stage of physical activity which was broken into 5 categories. Sociodemographic factors, healthy behavior, self-rated health status and social capital were used as control variables. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, educational status, economic status measured by deprivation score, residential period within survey city. Social capital was measured by Integrated Questionnaire for the Measurement of Social Capital (SC-IQ). This study used chi-square test and ordered logistic regression models to examine the associations between independent variables and physical activity. Variables were added to the regression model in three groups using a hierarchical approach. Results: Physical activity was significantly more likely to become active if they have higher educational status, healthier behavior. Among the six dimensions of SC-IQ, only "groups and networks" that is structural dimensions of social capital and "trust and solidarity" that is cognitive dimensions of social capital were significantly related to physical activity of adults. We found that a person having higher density of membership and having larger size of networks showed the high possibility of active physical activity. A person having high solidarity was significantly associated with physical activity, but general trust was inversely related to physical activity. Output dimensions of social capital did not show significant relationship to physical activity. Conclusion: We found that social capital is useful concept to explain health behaviors like physical activity. However we must consider social, cultural and political context of the study to evaluate the effect of social capital to health status and health determinants and to capture the exact meaning of relationship between them. We suggest further researches to refine the concept of social capital and to explain the relationship of social capital to diverse health determinants.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2003

This paper proposes a novel simulation method of WPGS (Wind Power Generation System). The rotation speed control method of turbine under variable wind speed using the pitch control is proposed. Moreover, when wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the turbine will be stopped by controlling pitch angle to 90$^{\circ}$, otherwise it will be controlled to steady-state operation. For the purpose of effective simulation, the SWRW (Simulation method for WPGS using Real Weather condition) is used for the utility interactive WPGS simulation in this paper, in which those of three topics for the WPGS simulation: user-friendly method, applicability to grid-connection and the utilization of the real weather conditions, are satisfied. It is impossible to consider the real weather conditions in the WPGS simulation using the EMTP type of simulators and PSPICE, etc. External parameter of the real weather conditions is necessary to ensure the simulation accuracy. The simulation of the WPGS using the real weather conditions including components modeling of wind turbine system is achieved by introducing the interface method of a non-linear external parameter and FORTRAN using PSCAD/EMTDC in this paper. The simulation of long-term, short-term, over cut-out and under cut-out wind speeds will be peformed by the proposed simulation method effectively. The efficiency of wind power generator, power converter and flow of energy are analyzed by wind speed of the long-term simulation. The generator output and current supplied into utility can be obtained by the short-term simulation. Finally, transient-state of the WPGS can be analyzed by the simulation results of over cut-out and under cut-out wind speeds, respectively.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2015

In this study, we develop the very short-term precipitation forecasting model as well as classifier based on polynomial radial basis function neural networks by using AWS(Automatic Weather Station) and KLAPS(Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System) meteorological data. The polynomial-based radial basis function neural networks is designed to realize precipitation forecasting model as well as classifier. The structure of the proposed RBFNNs consists of three modules such as condition, conclusion, and inference phase. The input space of the condition phase is divided by using Fuzzy C-means(FCM) and the local area of the conclusion phase is represented as four types of polynomial functions. The coefficients of connection weights are estimated by weighted least square estimation(WLSE) for modeling as well as least square estimation(LSE) method for classifier. The final output of the inference phase is obtained through fuzzy inference method. The essential parameters of the proposed model and classifier such ad input variable, polynomial order type, the number of rules, and fuzzification coefficient are optimized by means of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and Differential Evolution(DE). The performance of the proposed precipitation forecasting system is evaluated by using KLAPS meteorological data.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2017

To determine the effect of air pollution reduction policies, the long-term trend of air pollutants should be analyzed. Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter is a low-pass filter, produced through repeated iterations of a moving average to separate each variable into its temporal components. The moving average for a KZ(m, p) filter is calculated by a filter with window length m and p iterations. The output of the first pass subsequently becomes the input for the next pass. Adjusting the window length and the number of iterations makes it possible to control the filtering of different scales of motion. To break down the daily mean $PM_{10}$ into individual time components, we assume that the original time series comprises of a long-term trend, seasonal variation, and a short-term component. The short-term component is attributable to weather and short-term fluctuations in precursor emissions, while the seasonal component is a result of changes in the solar angle. The long-term trend results from changes in overall emissions, pollutant transport, climate, policy and/or economics. The long-term trend of the daily mean $PM_{10}$ decreased sharply from $59.6ug/m^3$ in 2002 to $44.6ug/m^3$ in 2015. This suggests that there was a long-term downward trend since 2005. The difference between the unadjusted and meteorologically adjusted long-term $PM_{10}$ is small. Therefore, we can conclude that $PM_{10}$ is unaffected by the meteorological variables (total insolation, daily mean temperature, daily mean relative humidity, daily mean wind speed, and daily mean local atmospheric pressure) in Busan.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

유도방전을 이용한 무전극 램프는 전극을 필요로 하지 않기 때문에 긴 수명을 갖으며 안정기 출력의 변화에 대해서도 매우 강한 특성을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 무전극 램프 조광제어를 위한 두 가지 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하였고 이를 적용한 공진형 인버터에 대하여 기술하였다. 제안된 두 가지 조광제어 알고리즘은 주로 LCD 백라이트의 조광제어에 적용되는 버스트 디밍 기법을 기초로 한다. 제안된 두 가지 방식중 하나는 개선된 버스트 디밍 기법으로 간단한 디지털 논리회로를 이용한 제어회로를 통해 $5\%$ 단위의 시비율로 조도조절이 가능한 방식이며, 나머지 하나는 버스트 PWM 평균 시비율 제어 기법으로 다소 복잡한 제어회로를 통해 $1\%$ 단위의 시비율로 조도조절이 가능한 방식이다. 본 논문에서는 100W급 무전극 램프를 대상으로 실시한 실험결과를 통해 제안된 조광제어 알고리즘의 유효성을 입증하였다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2016

본 논문은 Daisy Chain 구조의 CVM(:Cell Voltage Monitoring) 시스템에서, 다양한 DC Level을 갖는 Master IC와 Slave IC 사이에 명령 Data 신호의 전달을 가능하게 해주는 DC Level Shifter 설계를 소개한다. 설계한 회로는 래치 구조가 적용되어 고속 동작이 가능하고, 출력단의 Transmission Gate를 통하여 다양한 DC Level이 출력되도록 설계하였다. 시뮬레이션 및 측정 결과, 0V에서 30V까지의 DC Level 변화에 따른 제어 및 Data 신호의 전달을 확인하였다. Delay Time 오차는 약 170ns가 측정되었지만, 측정 Probe의 Capacitance 성분 및 측정 Board의 영향을 고려하면, 무시할 수 있을 정도의 오차로 간주된다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.221-225
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 소스에 큰 값의 가변 인덕터를 갖는 새로운 형태의 predistortion 선형화기가 연구되었다. 그것은 입력 전력이 증가함에 따라 양의 진폭과 음의 위상 편차를 얻을 수 있어 전력증폭기에서 만들어지는 왜곡을 충분히 보상할 수 있다. 또한, 하나의 CaAs FET, 인덕터, 입 출력 정합회로, 그리고 바이어스회로로 구성되어, 회로가 간단하므로 넓은 대역폭에 걸쳐 선형화 특성과 온도 안정성을 갖는다. 그리고 소스 인덕터와 게이트 바이어스를 변화시킴으로써 원하는 왜곡 특성을 얻을 수 있는 장점을 갖는다. 제작한 predistorter에서, 주 증폭기에 의한 IM3가 10.61dBc이고, predistorter를 갖는 주 증폭기의 IM3가 21.91dBc이므로 약 11dB의 개선된 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate of the outdoor thermal environment by building scale and block type as variable factors. In this study, 18 cases of office in central business district that have different condition are compared about their surface temperature, HIP(Heat Island Potential), and MRT(Mean Radiant Temperature). They are simulated with 3-dimension numerical simulation software named Hoyano-model. The output results contain visualized distribution chart and numerical data. The results of evaluation are as follows. (1)The surface temperature of the building becomes higher as building coverage ratio is higher but floor area ratio is lower. In same conditions, unified block type is maximum $3.2^{\circ}C$ higher than divided block type. (2)HIP shows different daily pattern as block type. During daytime, divided block type is much higher than unified block type but after sunset, it is changed. (3)MRT shows different distribution pattern as sunlight moves expecially at noon. (4)As the results of this study, cases that have high floor area ratio condition show lower surface temperature by tendency to stay low indoor temperature in office building and big rate of windows on building surface.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 부분적으로 정상상태 확률과정으로 모델링할 수 있는 가진입력에 대하여 확률적으로 정의된 구조물의 최대응답에 대한 구속조건을 만족시키면서 제어력을 최소화 할 수 있는 최적설계 방법을 제안한다. 최적화 과정에서 안정성의 확보를 위해 제어기를 전상태 피드백 LQR제어기의 형태로 한정하였으며 가중치 행렬을 설계변수로 하고 Riccati 행렬을 매개변수로 하여 목적함수와 구속조건 함수 및 그 기울기를 계산한다. 제안된 방법을 통해 설계된 전상태 피드백 LQR제어기는 목표 응답성능을 만족시킬 수 있었고 이에 필요한 최대 제어력을 확률적으로 정량화하여 제어금기의 제작에 유용한 자료가 될 수 있도록 하였다. 상태변수 추정을 위해 독립적으로 설계된 Kalman 필터와 최적화된 LQR 제어기가 결합된 LQG 제어기 및 그 차수를 축소시킨 제어기는 모두 큰 성능의 저하가 없었으며 따라서 제안된 설계방법을 이용하여 구조물의 최대응답에 관한 구속조건을 만족시키는 출력 피드백 제어기 설계가 충분히 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.500-509
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• 2016

Integrating spheres play a central role in the radiometric calibration of remote sensors. With the development of the wide field of view (FOV) remote sensors, aperture diameters of remote sensors are becoming larger and larger. To satisfy the radiometric calibration requirements of full FOV and full aperture, an 8000mm diameter large aperture integrating sphere uniform source with a variable exit port was designed and manufactured. This integrating sphere will be used for pre-launch test and radiometric calibration of remote satellites. In this paper, optical theories were used to design the output spectral radiance. The LightTools software based on ray-tracing simulation method was used to determine the best combination and distribution of inner light sources. A spectral experiment was made to verify the spectral radiance design. To reduce the influence of longtime power-on, a new characteristic measurement method was developed to obtain the radiation characteristic of the integrating sphere, which could greatly improve the measuring efficiency. This method could also be applied to measure other large aperture uniform sources. The obtained results indicate that the spatial uniformity is 98.35%, and the angular uniformity at center position is 98.78%.