• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.227-232
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to empirically measure the consumer response to mobile phone price changes in small and medium cities that have been alienated from Chinese marketing research. To do this, we measured price response through consumer survey based on conjoint analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, it show a typical pattern in which the part-worth decreases as the price increases. This suggests that there is room for improvement in profitability through pricing strategy for small and medium cities. Second, the decrease of the utility value according to the price increase was different for each city. This implies that difference of price response by city should be used strategically when planning price tactics. This study has contributed to understanding the expansion of research subjects from large cities to small cities and the price response phenomenon of small cities. And it will provide basic data on price response to mobile phone marketers of small and medium cities.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 1972

The status of health administration and medicare insurance program of 58 universities and colleges of 4-year course was studyed in 1971 and the following results were obtained; 1. The average number of students of 30 universities was $4,800{\pm}2,600$ and that of 36 colleges was $780{\pm}620$. 2. The types of health service facilities for the students varied widely according to the institutions, from an elaborate one, university health center, to a poor one, first aid room. 3. Thirty-six out of 58 institutions had some sort of health service facilities, either health center or health service room. And 14 out of 36 institutions had elaborate health service facilities such as university health center or student health center 4. The number of full time staff of the health center and that of the health service room were 2 to more than 10 and 0 to 3 respectively. 5. The range of student health service fee varied widely according to the institutions from \50 to \550 per student, per semester. The average cost of student health service fee at the institutions with health centers was $\300{\pm}150$ and that with health service rooms was $\200{\pm}150$ per student, per semester. 6. Utility rate of the student health service facilities at the institutions with health centers and with health service rooms were 1,200 to 1,400 and 3,900 to 4,100 per 1,000 students per year. 7. There was an obvious increasing tendency of tuberculosis prevalence rate in the students. 8. The institutions which had appointed hospitals for student medicare were 24; where the reduction rate of medical expenses for students varied from 10 to 50 per cent. 9. Students medicare insurance program was adopted by six universities which accomodated more than 2,000 students. 10. The range of student medicare insurance fee varied widely according to the institutions from \140 to \800 per student per year. Each of the six universities which had adopted the insurance program had each own's special regulations to apply for pay claims.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.63-82
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• 1987

This is the forth consecutive study on the 'Standardization of Measurement for Korean Kitchen Work Centers and Cabinets for Future Design Criteria'. The purpose of the present research was (1) to classify homemakers' representative like styles related to the kitchen, (2) to examine homemakers' present concerns on the kitchen space, and (3) to investigate homemakers' desire and preference on the kitchen space. Twenty two hundred homemakers of upper and middle class residing in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju and Daejeon were selected for the survey and 1,843 among them were used for data analysis. Data were selected for the survey and 1,843 among them were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using the SAS program package. The statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, factor analysis, F-test, Duncan's multiple range test, X2-test, cluster analysis. Findings from the research as follows: (1) Four factors were found as indicaters of the life style; values on the household work, desire on social function of the kitchen, degree on cooperation of family members on the household work, and convenient management. It was noticeable that homemakers had positive responses in terms of desire on social function of the kitchen and degree on cooperation of family members on the household work. Homemakers' life styles related to the kitchen space were classified into 6 categories. (2) Relatively a few respondents answered that the kitchens were very well furnished. If, however, the economic conditions become better, substantial number of them wanted to invest for better kitchen following the one for living room. (3) It was found that most respondents preferred the arrangement of space, where dining and kitchen in one space, and a hard wall or soft treatment was between living and dining/kitchen area. (4) Many respondents desired pantry, utility and laundry area be near the kitchen or in the same space with it, thereby forming a utility core in a housing space.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1979

A survery was carried out in order to know the status of student health service and student medical insurance of universities and colleges in Korea from 1 July to 30 September. 1978. And the following results were obtained; 1. Out of seventy universities and colleges, 54.8% of them had student health service facility such as student health conte. (30.0%) or health room (24.8%). 2. Out of twenty-seven national and public universities and colleges, 44.4% of them had student health service facility and out of forty-three private universities and colleges, 60.5% of them had student health service facilities. 3. Each of 80.0% of 25 universities, 43.3% of 30 colleges and 33.3% of 15 junior colleges had student health service facility. 4. Major roles of student health service were physical examination (92.1%), health counselling (86.8%), primary medical care (78.9%), tuberculosis control (68.4%), insect and rodent control (52.6%), parasite control(47.4%), water source sanitation (44.7%), and dental health care (28.9%). 5. Out of 21 universities and colleges, 66.7% of them had full time doctor and 81.0% of them had full time nurse for student health center. And out of 17 universites and colleges, 5.9% of them had full time doctor and 33.3% of then had full time nurse for student health room. 6. The range of health fee was varied from 100 won to 1,400 won per student per semester and the average was 520 won. 7. Among 55 universities and colleges, 78.6% of them had carried out annual physical examination in 1977 and the rate of physical examination was 57.4%. 8. Out of 70 universities and colleges. 45.7% of them had tuberculosis control program and the prevalence rate was 6.0 per 1,000 students. 9. Student medical insurance program was developed by ten universities and one college among 25 universities and 45 colleges. 10. Student medical insurance benefit was varied according to university and college; the reduction rate of medical fee was 20% to 80% for not only in-patient but also out-patient. 11. The upper limit of pay claim was varied according to the university and college from 5,000 won to no-limitation for out-patient and from 30,000 won to no-limitation for in-patient. 12. The highest utility rate of student medical insurance program was found in university 'F' with the rate of 791 for out-patient and 12 for admitted patient per 1,000 students.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

Purpose: Generally, rural housing in Korea have had target of people who are in good physical health rather than the disabled. Therefore, it is difficult to offer high quality residential environment for the elderly and the disabled. The purpose of this study is to propose the ways to promote ease and safety in the rural housing. Methods: This study evaluates the accidents, improvement factors, satisfactions, complaints by space of 153 rural housing in Taebaeksi. Results: This study divides the a rural house into 7 sectors : a passage to entrance, an entrance hall, a livingroom, a bedroom, a bathroom, a kitchen, and utility room. this study propose the following plan that rural housing to be barrier free space. First, in passage to entrance of the house, people with disabilities should not experience difficulties in walking, so installing ramps to remove the stepped slope grade without slip so that the floor finish should be. Second, entrance hall need more space to change and keep wheelchair. Third, switches and handle should be installed various height and form depend on the behavior of residents. Forth, install a drain to make no changes in level of bathroom. Implications: This research could be the basic data to renovate the rural housing.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.86-93
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• 1998

An Apartment Veranda is a transitive space which is being used for many different purpose. A Rear Veranda which is connected to the kitchen is an important space for the housekeeping work and it should be planned carefully to reflect the rational and functional designs. Therefore the objective of this research is to suggest a systematic basis for the practical space planning of the Rear veranda that meets the varied needs of consumers by examining its usage pattern through the analysis of the apartment occupant's behavior pattern stored item the degree of satisfaction and consumer requirements. The research was conducted mainly on apartments built after 1990. The following are the conclusions from the research : 1. Most of the research respondents were aware of the absolute need for the Rear veranda. But they expressed dissatisfaction with the space usage. This indicates that the Rear Veranda planning does not reflect the functionality of the space and concentrates on the idea of providing consumers a service space based on the size of the apartment instead. 2. Although the Rear veranda is used as the multipurpose housework space it is mainly used as the laundry and storage space. This shows a big deviation from the concept of the utility space. Because the behavior pattern associated with the Rear Veranda is largely influenced by the traditional life pattern the development of the Rear Veranda as an exclusive space for the housekeeping work. 3. According to a high frequency of the storage of the laundry related item in the Rear Veranda indicated by the research the Rear veranda is used as the laundry room as well as a auxiliary storage space by most people. The installation of gas range is expected to increase due to the expansion of the usage function of the Rear Veranda space. The installation of a specialized refrigerator to store the traditional food is demanded. 4. Consumers need more efficient and functional storage device because the temporary shelves are often being used as the storage device. The perception of the storage device is assumed to have been influence by the traditional life style.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.232-237
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• 2016

Cocrystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients has been widely recognized as a versatile tool to regulate the physical properties of pharmaceutical compounds through designed crystal structures. Grinding or milling has been especially useful to screen the feasibility of cocrystal formation, and the addition of a small amount of liquid is routinely necessary. In the present study, the effect of temperature was studied for the milling cocrystallization of ibuprofen and nicotinamide to establish a liquid-free method. The milling-induced cocrystallization was more effective with liquid nitrogen cooling than at room temperature, which was confirmed by XRD and DSC analyses. This behavior was attributed to the limited molecular mobility below the glass transition temperatures of the cocrystal components, which made it effective to destruct the crystals of raw materials and consequently form the ibuprofen/nicotinamide cocrystal. Further studies would be necessary to establish the utility of the current conclusion to the field of pharmaceutical crystallization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.168-168
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• 2010

Transparent conduction oxides (TCOs) films is extensively reported for optoelectronic devices application such as touch panels, solar cells, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs). Among the many TCO film, indium tin oxide(ITO) is in great demand due to the growth of flat panel display industry. However, indium is not only high cost but also its deposits dwindling. Therefore, many studies are being done on the transparent conductive oxides(TCOs). We fabricated a target of IZTO(In2O3:ZnO:SnO2=70:15:15 wt.%) reduced indium. Then, IZTO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering with various oxygen flow ratio. The substrate temperature was fixed at the room temperature. We investigated the electrical, optical, structural properties of IZTO thin films. The electrical properties of IZTO thin films were dependent on the oxygen partial pressure. As a result, the most excellent properties of IZTO thin films were obtained at the 3% of oxygen flow rate with the low resistivity of $7.236{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$. And also the optical properties of IZTO thin films were shown the good transmittance over 80%. These IZTO thin films were used to fabricated organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs) as anode and the device performances studied. The OLED with an IZTO anode deposited at optimized deposition condition showed good brightness properties. Therefore, IZTO has utility value of TCO electrode although it reduced indium and we expect it is possible for the IZTO to apply to flexible display due to the low processing temperature.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.1 s.25
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• pp.9-23
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• 2001

This study is for the Kyungduk-Dan(as a altar of Milsung-Daegun) and The Manun-Jae the characteristics(lay out and planning, window patterns, structure, materials) of the the Korean traditional house during the modern era. Before Manun-Jae was used for the house. The Kyungduck-Dan was constructed in August according to the Lunar Calender in 1927. The Manun-Jae(house for Ki-hun Kang, millionaire ) was completed in 1924. Modern Architectures brought to Korea with the bricks, the tiles, the flash doors, the plate grasses, the brass hardwares. These architectural material was used in positive. During the construction of Manun-Jae in 1924, it happened the architectural exchage among a korean, a chinese and a japanese constructor. Though using the air exhaust valve at the kitchen of Ukyung-Kak( old Anchae), it could be assume that the modern convenience and the improvement of residential environments was considered at that period during the construction of Manun-Jae. That construction was elected with the brick($222mm{\times}106mm{\times}50mm$), the chinese colored tile and plate glass such a modem materials. The new shape of the korean lattice window and the wooden flash-door with glass was used. In Ukyung-Kak, the Chan-Maru(service space) and the kitchen such as a service space or concise utility zone was organically connected. Especially, considered the domesitic activity and circulation, the western kitchen sink and the Chan-Maru(service space) was rationally placed. At the Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan, the architectural characteristic is that the new shape of windows was used. The lattice window at the Ondol room of Ukyung-Kak, was rgadually added the plate glass and the wood plate. The lattice window with the grid shape at kitchen of that building was adapted japanese grid lattice window in korea at that period. It is the sample that korean traditional house was typically influenced from the japanese resident culture. The Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan as the modern house kept the form of korean traditional architecture, and was partially adapted a modern characteristic space and modern architectural materials. During the japanese occupancy, these residence can be showed the transition in formally.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.331-333
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• 2018

The incorporation of Shiitake culture into sawdust is a widely utilized technique that can assist in reducing the cost and time consumption associated with oak cultivation. In sawdust cultivation, browning of the surface mycelia is an important stage with respect to the utility and longevity of the sawdust media. Surface browning forms a protective coating on the substrate, which can inhibit the invasion of pathogens and suppress water evaporation. Several different light sources (red LED, white LED, blue LED, and fluorescent light) were used and the intensity of illumination was carefully controlled (1.5, 10.5, $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for LEDs and 10, 100, 300 lux for the fluorescent light) to induce browning. The light sources were regulated via a 1 h on/off cycle in a controlled room environment at a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, 60% humidity, and 1200 ppm $CO_2$ concentration for 60days. The browning effect varied depending on the source and the intensity of illumination. This effect was most effectively induced at $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for the red and blue LEDs. All light sources induced less browning at the highest intensity of illumination. This indicates that intensity values higher than $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ in the case of the LEDs and 300 lux for the fluorescent light are not effective. After harvesting of the fruit bodies, we measured the weight, length, and width of the pileus and stipe in addition to their chromaticity and hardness. Treatment with $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ blue LED produced the best harvest with the highest average chromaticity, weight (21.2 g), stipe length (30.8 mm), and hardness (377.9 g), with a fine length and width of the pileus.