• Title/Summary/Keyword: User Uncertainty

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A Study on Aspects of Transmedial Enjoyment of Game Users (게임 사용자의 트랜스미디어적 향유 양상 연구)

  • Ahn, Jin-Kyoung
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.11 no.8
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    • pp.119-128
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    • 2021
  • This study defines the integrated game experience of game users that across internal and external media of game as the transmedia enjoyment of game. This study categorizes the cases and analyze features. Game users have four types of transmedial enjoyment. The expansion type is characterized by the user's desire to solve the uncertainty, and the transmission type is characterized by the emergence of alternative play spaces. In the permeation type and the circulation type, it is observed users participate more in the content can be re-contextualized and based on real world knowledge.

Stochastic Gradient Descent Optimization Model for Demand Response in a Connected Microgrid

  • Sivanantham, Geetha;Gopalakrishnan, Srivatsun
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.97-115
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    • 2022
  • Smart power grid is a user friendly system that transforms the traditional electric grid to the one that operates in a co-operative and reliable manner. Demand Response (DR) is one of the important components of the smart grid. The DR programs enable the end user participation by which they can communicate with the electricity service provider and shape their daily energy consumption patterns and reduce their consumption costs. The increasing demands of electricity owing to growing population stresses the need for optimal usage of electricity and also to look out alternative and cheap renewable sources of electricity. The solar and wind energy are the promising sources of alternative energy at present because of renewable nature and low cost implementation. The proposed work models a smart home with renewable energy units. The random nature of the renewable sources like wind and solar energy brings an uncertainty to the model developed. A stochastic dual descent optimization method is used to bring optimality to the developed model. The proposed work is validated using the simulation results. From the results it is concluded that proposed work brings a balanced usage of the grid power and the renewable energy units. The work also optimizes the daily consumption pattern thereby reducing the consumption cost for the end users of electricity.

KFDA TLD Dose Quality Audit and Measurement Uncertainty (식품의약품안전청의 치료방사선 선량보증과 측정불확도)

  • Jeong, Hee-Kyo;Lee, Hyun-Ku;Kim, Gwe-Ya;Yang, Hyun-Kyu;Lim, Chun-Il
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.153-156
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    • 2004
  • Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) has peformed the calibration of therapy level dosimeters for Co-60 radiation since 1979. The reference standard ionization chamber has been calibrated at BIPM in France. The uncertainty on the KFDA calibration coefficients is 0.9 %(k=2) for air kerma and absorbed dose to water. Since 1999 a national quality audit program for ensuring dosimetry accuracy in Korea radiotherapy centers has been performed by the KFDA. The uncertainty associated with the determination of the absorbed dose to water from the TLD readings for high energy x-ray is 1.6 %(k=1). The correction factors for energy, non-linearity dose response, and TLD holder are used in the dose determination. Agreement between the user stated dose and KFDA measured dose within ${\pm}$ 5 % is considered acceptable. KFDA TLD postal dose quality audit program was peformed for 71 beam qualities of 53 domestic radiotherapy centers in 2003. The results for quality assurance showed that 63 out of 71 beam qualifies (89 %) satisfied the acceptance limit. The second audit was carried out for the centers outside the limit and ail of them have been corrected.

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Cooperative Node Selection for the Cognitive Radio Networks (인지무선 네트워크를 위한 협력 노드 선택 기법)

  • Gao, Xiang;Lee, Juhyeon;Park, Hyung-Kun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.287-293
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    • 2013
  • Cognitive radio has been recently proposed to dynamically access unused-spectrum. The CR users can share the same frequency band with the primary user without interference to each other. Usually each CR user needs to determine spectrum availability by itself depending only on its local observations. But uncertainty communication environment effects can be mitigated so that the detection probability is improved in a heavily shadowed environment. Soft detection is a primary user detection method of cooperative cognitive radio networks. In our research, we will improve system detection probability by using optimal cooperative node selection algorithm. New algorithm can find optimal number of cooperative sensing nodes for cooperative soft detection by using maximum ratio combining (MRC) method. Through analysis, proposed cooperative node selection algorithm can select optimal node for cooperative sensing according to the system requirement and improve the system detection probability.

Optimal Life Cycle Cost Design of a Bridge (교량의 생애주기비용 최적설계)

  • Park, Jang-Ho;Shin, Yung-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2010
  • The importance of the life cycle cost (LCC) analysis for bridges has been recognized over the last decade. However, it is difficult to predict LCC precisely since the costs occurring throughout the service life of the bridge depend on various parameters such as design, construction, maintenance, and environmental conditions. This paper presents a methodology for the optimal life cycle cost design of a bridge. Total LCC for the service life is calculated as the sum of initial cost, damage cost, maintenance cost, repair and rehabilitation cost, user cost, and disposal cost. The optimization method is applied to design of a bridge structure with minimal cost, in which the objective function is set to LCC and constraints are formulated on the basis of Korean Bridge Design Code. Initial cost is calculated based on standard costs of the Korea Construction Price Index and damage cost on damage probabilities to consider the uncertainty of load and resistance. Repair and rehabilitation cost is determined using load carrying capacity curves and user cost includes traffic operation costs and time delay costs. The optimal life cycle cost design of a bridge is performed and the effects of parameters are investigated.

Spectrum Sensing using Bussgang Theorem for BEE 802.22 WRAN (IEEE 802.22 WRAN에서 Bussgang 정리를 이용한 스펙트럼 센싱)

  • Hwang, Sung-Sue;Kim, Suk-Chan
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.34 no.9C
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    • pp.922-927
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    • 2009
  • Utilization problem of the limited spectrum is the one of the most important issues in wireless communication systems. Cognitive radio technique which is finding and utilizing frequency holes is also one of those techniques. Specially, the spectrum sensing technique to detect the primary user signal is a core technology in cognitive radio area. In this paper, we propose the spectrum sensing algorithm using Bussgang theorem. The proposed algorithm calculates the statistical difference between the Gaussian noise and the primary user signal by applying Bussgang theorem to the received signal. The algorithm is not affected by noise uncertainty and can detect the primary user signal in the very low SNR environment. We evaluate the algorithm through computer simulations with 12 ATSC A/74 DTV signal captures based on IEEE 802.22 WRAN and formulate the sensing threshold for the proposed scheme.

On Robust MMSE-Based Filter Designs for Multi-User Peer-to-Peer Amplify-and-Forward Relay Systems (증폭 및 전달 릴레이 기반 다중 사용자 피어투피어 통신 시스템에서 강인한 MMSE 필터 설계 방법)

  • Shin, Joonwoo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.38A no.9
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    • pp.798-809
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we propose robust relay and destination filter design methods for the multi-user peer-to-peer amplify-and-forward relaying systems while taking imperfect channel knowledge into consideration. Specifically, the relay and destination filter sets are developed to minimize the sum mean-squared-error (MSE). We first present a robust joint optimum relay and destination filter calculation method with an iterative algorithm. Motivated by the need to reduce computational complexity of the iterative scheme, we then formulate a simplified sum MSE minimization problem using the relay filter decomposability, which lead to two robust sub-optimum non-iterative design methods. Finally, we propose robust modified destination filter design methods which require only local channel state information between relay node and a specific destination node. The analysis and simulation results verify that, compared with the optimum iterative method, the proposed non-iterative schemes suffer a marginal loss in performance while enjoying significantly improved implementation efficiencies. Also it is confirmed that the proposed robust filter design methods provide desired robustness in the presence of channel uncertainty.

A Comparative Study on National Culture of SNS User : Comparison of Korea, China, and U.S.

  • Kwon, Sun-Dong;Kim, Tae-Ha
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.131-148
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    • 2011
  • Our work empirically investigates the cultural differences of Social Networking Service (SNS) users in China, Korea and U.S. We construct a survey questionnaire from existing literature and test it for reliability, validity, and model fit. Then we collect data and validate the cultural differences of SNS users in three nations. Our results show different rankings from existing literature in cultural dimensions about three nations. In terms of masculinity, we find China > U.S. > Korea, similar to Hofstede. In individualism, we find U.S. > Korea > China, different from Hofstede (U.S. > China > Korea). In power distance, it is shown that Korea > China > U.S., different from Hofstede (China > Korea > U.S.). Uncertainty avoidance is found that U.S. > Korea > China, lowered ranking of Korea from the top among three nations in Hofstede. We find that these outcomes would be useful in updating national culture of the three nations and for future research about cultural impacts on SNS adoption.

Analysis of Limitations on Human Reliability Analysis in Nuclear Power Plants and Development of Requirements for an Advanced Method (원자력발전소 인간신뢰도 분석의 한계점 분석과 차세대 방법을 위한 요건 개발)

  • 정원대;김재환;장승철;하재주
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.178-191
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    • 1999
  • More than twenty methods were suggested for Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) in the field of safety analysis for Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). However, there is still a high uncertainty on the analysis and a difficulty in performing HRA. New methods and approaches are under studying to overcome such limitations of current HRA. This paper presents some results of study to analysis limitations of current HRA in viewpoint of user, i.e., HRA analyst. The limitation analysis was based on 89 human error events modeled in a Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) project for NPPs in Korea. Total 17 specific limitations were identified and categorized into seven groups. Important analysis has also been undertaken to assess the order of priority among those limitations. Finally, seven requirements with priority ranking were generated for an advanced framework and methodology of HRA.

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A Study on Activation of uTradeHub System (uTradeHub 시스템 활성화 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Sang-Ok;Lim, Cheon-Hyeok
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.51
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    • pp.441-464
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    • 2011
  • It is childhood yet in uTradeHub system practical use. According as company's necessity of cost-saving is increased according to trade terms aggravation such as uncertainty of international money market, commodities prices rise, necessity of e-trade practical use in company is increased. Use is inevitable by state that link with e-Nego and e-B/L service with related presentation e-L/C banks is not made. At the present users are doing specification only service this main point, and practical use activation through public information and marketing about service is needed situation because most of, companies which is not using service, do not know about existence availability of uTradeHub system, usage, availability. This study presented five such as early materialization of user center's link and integration, medium and small enterprises e-trade participation extension, utilization ratio raising through government's public information, e-trade cooperation business activation between the country, electronic documents standardization etc. by prompting competition about practical use of uTradeHub system.

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