• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.187-206
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• 2007

The development of computer and information technology has been combined with the information superhighway internet infrastructure, so information widely spreads not only in special fields but also in the daily lives of people. Information ubiquity influences the traditional way of transaction, and leads a new E-commerce which distinguishes from the existing E-commerce. Not only goods as physical but also service as non-physical come into E-commerce. As the scale of E-Commerce is being enlarged as well. It keeps people from finding information they want. Recommender systems are now becoming the main tools for E-Commerce to mitigate the information overload. Recommender systems can be defined as systems for suggesting some Items(goods or service) considering customers' interests or tastes. They are being used by E-commerce web sites to suggest products to their customers who want to find something for them and to provide them with information to help them decide which to purchase. There are several approaches of recommending goods to customer in recommender system but in this study, the main subject is focused on collaborative filtering technique. This study presents a possibility of pre-evaluation for the prediction performance of customer's preference in collaborative filtering before the process of customer's preference prediction. Pre-evaluation for the prediction performance of each customer having low performance is classified by using the statistical features of ratings rated by each customer is conducted before the prediction process. In this study, MovieLens 100K dataset is used to analyze the accuracy of classification. The classification criteria are set by using the training sets divided 80% from the 100K dataset. In the process of classification, the customers are divided into two groups, classified group and non classified group. To compare the prediction performance of classified group and non classified group, the prediction process runs the 20% test set through the Neighborhood Based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm and Correspondence Mean Algorithm. The prediction errors from those prediction algorithm are allocated to each customer and compared with each user's error. Research hypothesis : Two research hypotheses are formulated in this study to test the accuracy of the classification criterion as follows. Hypothesis 1: The estimation accuracy of groups classified according to the standard deviation of each user's ratings has significant difference. To test the Hypothesis 1, the standard deviation is calculated for each user in training set which is divided 80% from MovieLens 100K dataset. Four groups are classified according to the quartile of the each user's standard deviations. It is compared to test the estimation errors of each group which results from test set are significantly different. Hypothesis 2: The estimation accuracy of groups that are classified according to the distribution of each user's ratings have significant differences. To test the Hypothesis 2, the distributions of each user's ratings are compared with the distribution of ratings of all customers in training set which is divided 80% from MovieLens 100K dataset. It assumes that the customers whose ratings' distribution are different from that of all customers would have low performance, so six types of different distributions are set to be compared. The test groups are classified into fit group or non-fit group according to the each type of different distribution assumed. The degrees in accordance with each type of distribution and each customer's distributions are tested by the test of ${\chi}^2$ goodness-of-fit and classified two groups for testing the difference of the mean of errors. Also, the degree of goodness-of-fit with the distribution of each user's ratings and the average distribution of the ratings in the training set are closely related to the prediction errors from those prediction algorithms. Through this study, the customers who have lower performance of prediction than the rest in the system are classified by those two criteria, which are set by statistical features of customers ratings in the training set, before the prediction process.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2018

Regarding demand response (DR) by residential users (R-users), the users try to reduce electricity costs by adjusting their power consumption in response to the time-varying price. However, their power consumption may be affected not only by the price, but also by user convenience for using appliances. This paper proposes a methodology for appliance scheduling (AS) that considers the user convenience based on historical data. The usage pattern for appliances is first modeled applying the copula function or clustering method to evaluate user convenience. As the modeling results, the comfort distribution or representative scenarios are obtained, and then used to formulate a discomfort index (DI) to assess the degree of the user convenience. An AS optimization problem is formulated in terms of cost and DI. In the case study, various AS tasks are performed depending on the weights for cost and DI. The results show that user convenience has significant impacts on AS. The proposed methodology can contribute to induce more DR participation from R-users by reflecting properly user convenience to AS problem.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.953-961
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• 2009

DRM 기술이 적용된 콘텐츠를 이용하는 것은 사용자의 편의성을 감소시키기 때문에 사용자는 이러한 콘텐츠를 사용하는 것을 기피하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 DRM 기술이 적용된 디지털 콘텐츠를 구입하는 사용자들이 서로 간에 디지털 콘텐츠를 자유롭게 매매하도록 하는 새로운 유통 모델을 제안한다. 이는 사용자를 유통 객체에 포함시켜 건전하게 콘텐츠를 유통시키도록 유도한다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 기존의 디지털 티켓이나 쿠폰에 적용되는 방식을 기반으로 패키징된 콘텐츠와 사용권한을 양도하는 방식을 제안하고 이중양도(double transfer), 사용권한의 위조 및 변조(forgery and modification) 가능성, 사용권한 및 콘텐츠의 재생성(reproduction)에 관한 안전성을 논의한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2011

현재의 이동 통신 환경에서 셀룰러 시스템에서의 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 기술의 사용은 이미 보편화 되었다고 봐도 과언이 아닐 정도이다. 그러나 최근 스마트폰의 사용의 급증에서 나타난 가장 큰 문제점을 보면 알 수 있듯이 이와 같은 셀룰러 시스템 환경은 인접 셀간의 간섭 문제가 심각하게 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 제안된 알고리즘의 성능이 각 셀 영역에서 사용자 분포에 어떤 관계가 있는지 알아보고 이를 모의실험을 통해 확인하도록 한다. 그 결과, 적절한 셀 영역의 사용자 분포를 확인하였으며 이를 통해 셀간 간섭 완화 기법의 성능에도 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2016

Purpose - This study investigates the determinants that affect the number of IT Incident tickets of an IT Service Provider ("ITSP") to logistics industry in order to improve its management process by reducing the incident tickets. Research design, data, and Methodology - This study uses weekly data of IT incident tickets from September 2012 to June 2015. Correlation and regression analyses are conducted. Six identified determinants i.e., IT Change, User Errors, Shipment Volume, Network, Hardware and Software Issues are used as the explanatory variables. Results - Our findings show as following. First, our analysis indicates that IT Change is not a significant determinant as opposed to what commonly believed by many as the most important factor. Second, Software issue is the highest contributor to the Major IT incident tickets, followed by User Error, Network and Hardware issues. Third, it seems there is lead-lag relationship between IT Change and Major IT Incidents tickets as indicated by earlier studies. Fourth, the relationship between IT Change and Major IT tickets is also affected by shipment volume. Conclusions - As policy recommendation, all identified determinants should be treated according to priority. In addition, improving the way IT Changes are implemented will definitely reduce the IT incident tickets.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2005

클러스터 구조는 고가용도와 고성능 그리고 확장성을 요구하는 웹 서비스나 정보시스템 같은 응용 분야에서 저 비용으로 유용하게 사용 가능하다. 웹 서버 클러스터의 내용 기반 분배는 각각의 웹 서버들 사이에서 지능적으로 사용자 요구를 전달하기 위해 애플리케이션 계층에서 알려진 상세한 데이터를 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 웰 서버 클러스터 시스템을 대상으로 캐시의 적중과 각 서버의 부하 상태를 고려한 효율적인 내용 기반의 부하 분배를 수행하고 사용자의 동적인 문서 요구를 수용할 수 있도록 하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 특히 제안된 알고리즘은 부하 분배기로 하여금 각 서버에 있는 캐쉬의 내용을 모델링 하기 위한 시도나 웹 문서에 대한 사용자 접근 확률을 계산하기 위한 오버헤드가 없다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.220-230
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• 2017

In this study we apply and compare a variety of numerical methods for calculating residence time distribution in decay tanks, a major design component in the for reducing N-16 radioactivity. Our research group has used a streamlined method using user-defined particle numbers. However, this streamlined method has several problems, including low exiting particle ratios, particle diminishing, and unphysical time distribution, among others. We utilize three numerical methods to establish residence time and time distribution (streamlined, discrete phase method [DPM], and user defined scalar [UDS]) and subsequently compare the averaged results of each. The three tests demonstrate the flow features within the decay tanks, which are then numerically simulated to enable comparison. We conclude that although each simulation predicts similar time averages, the UDS methodology provides a smoother time distribution and tracer contour plots at specific times.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1991

본 논문에서는 ID 정보를 이용한 키 분배방식을 제안했다. 이 방식에서는 Diffie-Hellman 방식에서 사용하는 공개 화일의 불법 변경 등의 공격에 대한 위험이 제거되는 장점을 가지고 있는 방식이다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 2명 이상의 회의용 키를 생성하는 ID 정보를 이용한 회의용 키 분배방식을 제안하였다. 가입자들은 링 네트워크(ring network)를 구성하고 있다고 가정하였다. 각 가입자들간의 전송정보들은 각 가입자의 ID 정보를 이용하여 인증된다. 제안한 방식의 안정성은 큰 수의 소인수 분해 및 이산대수 계산 문제에 근거한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2023

Purpose: As Thailand seeks to become a regional startup hub, Thai startups have been acquiring growth and scalability in the last ten years. Hence, this paper examines influential factors in Thailand's growth of logistics tech startups. The conceptual framework incorporates sensing user needs, sensing technological options, conceptualizing, scaling, and stretching, co-producing, and orchestrating, business strategy, strategic flexibility, and startup growth. Research design, data, and methodology: The quantitative method was applied to distribute the questionnaire to 500 managers and above in logistics tech startups in Thailand. The sampling techniques involve judgmental, convenience, and snowball samplings. Before the data collection, The Item Objective Congruence (IOC) Index and pilot test (n=45) were employed for content validity and reliability. The data were mainly analyzed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results: The findings revealed that sensing technological options, scaling, and stretching, co-producing, and orchestrating, and business strategy significantly influence the growth of startups in Thailand. Nevertheless, sensing user needs, conceptualizing, and strategic flexibility have no significant relationship with startup growth. Conclusions: For Thailand to accelerate its digital economy driven by tech startups, firms must emphasize influential factors to accelerate growth by providing the right tech solutions for people's lives.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.458-458
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• 2022

It is essential to reduce global carbon emissions, mainly from energy use. The water supply and distribution sector is a vital part of human society and is one of the primary energy consumers. The procurement and distribution of water require electricity to operate the pump to deliver water to users with sufficient pressure. As the water users are spatially distributed over a wide area, the energy required to deliver water to each user differs depending on the corresponding supplying element (reservoir, tank, pipe, pump, and valve). This difference in energy required for each user also comes with a difference in pressure availability which affects the level of service for individual users and the whole network. Typically, there is a disproportion where users close to the source experience excessively high pressure with low energy consumption. In contrast, remote users need more energy to get the minimum pressure. This study proposes the Energy Return Index (ERI) to quantify the pressure return from particular energy consumption to supply water to each node. The disproportionality can be quantified and identified in the network using the proposed ERI. The index can be applied to optimize the network elements such as pump operation and tank location/size to reach a balanced energy consumption with the appropriate level of service.