• 대한약침학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.227-237
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• 2023

Objectives: Pharmacopuncture is considered a unique new type of acupuncture in Korean medicine (KM). This study was performed to investigate the research trends regarding pharmacopuncture through a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection was searched for this study. The search terms were pharmacopuncture and pharmaco-puncture. The search was conducted on May 23, 2023, and 185 studies retrieved up to this date were included. Software VOSviewer version 1.6.19 was used to perform the bibliometric analysis. After data clearing, keyword co-occurrence and cooperation pattern analyses were performed. Results: The number of studies on pharmacopuncture have gradually increased since the mid-2000s, with the most published in 2020 (46 studies). The quality of the studies has also steadily increased, and recently, several randomized controlled trials of pharmacopuncture have been conducted. Moreover, this treatment has been investigated in the context of KM clinical practice guideline development in Korea. The scope of pharmacopuncture studies to date seems to be limited to musculoskeletal pain and bee venom pharmacopuncture. The researchers from Jaseng Medical Foundation have been the core researchers in the field of pharmacopuncture in Korea. They collaborated with researchers from universities or government-funded research institutes. However, small-scale research teams from KM clinics and university researchers were also identified as independent clusters. Conclusion: Pharmacopuncture research has grown both quantitatively and qualitatively, but the scope needs to be further expanded. There is also a gap between the use of pharmacopuncture by KM doctors in clinical settings and pharmacopuncture research. Based on these findings, some suggestions for future studies in this field are discussed. Furthermore, these findings may be used as data to expand and globalize pharmacopuncture research in the future.

• 산업과 과학
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

대다수의 IoT 기기들은 이미 AIoT를 사용하고 있지만, AI 애플리케이션을 구축하기 위해서는 아직 해결해야 할 문제가 많이 남아 있다. 본 연구에서는 IoT 에지 자원을 보다 효과적으로 분산하기 위해 머신러닝 기반의 IoT 에지 자원 관리 기법을 제안한다, 제안 기법은 머신러닝을 이용하여 IoT 에지 자원 동향을 파악함으로써 IoT 자원의 할당을 지속적으로 개선하며, 최적화된 IoT 자원은 머신러닝 컨볼루션을 활용하여 항상 변화하는 IoT 에지 자원을 안정적으로 유지한다, 제안 기법은 각각의 머신러닝 기반 IoT 에지 자원을 이전 패턴의 자원과 함께 해시값으로 저장함으로써 분산된 AIoT 맥락에서 공격 패턴으로 자원을 효과적으로 검증한다. 실험 결과에서는 IoT Edge 리소스의 무결성을 검증하기 위해서 이질적인 계산 하드웨어가 있는 복잡한 환경에서 잘 동작하는지 세 가지 다른 테스트 시나리오에서 에너지 효율성을 평가하였다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.504-518
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the symbolism associated with phoenix patterns in China and the temporal aesthetic characteristics of these patterns found in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. The study involved collecting examples of clothing designs featuring phoenix patterns from China Fashion Week and the Vogue website, spanning from spring and summer of 2016 to fall and winter of 2022. After collecting and organizing these examples, representative cases were selected for analysis. The objective was to identify effective techniques for incorporating phoenix patterns within the context of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and provided insights for future clothing design and textile pattern design research. Phoenix patterns boasted a lengthy history and were laden with symbolic meaning. Early renditions of phoenix patterns found at Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang were relatively simplistic in design, mainly employing elements like rhythm, coordination, balance and symmetry to convey a sense of nature and gravity. Over time, these patterns evolved under the influence of the prevailing cultural backdrop, employing repeated emphasis to portray notions of abundance and tenacity. Furthermore, regarding the use of phoenix patterns in clothing, there were four prevalent expression techniques: embroidery, beading, printing, and knitting. Traditional techniques like embroidery and beadwork often prioritized aesthetic features like coordination, emphasis, and symmetry, thereby showcasing the opulent characteristics of phoenix patterns. On the other hand, printing and knitting techniques used a single phoenix pattern or a modified version to simplify designs by emphasizing or repeating aesthetic characteristics while adhering to a modern artistic approach.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2023

The present work aimed to present the development of 'Funt', the augmented reality-based digital app as an educational tool for foreign language learning. Our work further evaluated the learning efficacy of the tool by the assessment of the three dependent measures including learning motivation, learning satisfaction, and learning involvement. With a learning app of 'Funt', students can use AR app to access recognition-based or location-based experiences such that any objects, artifacts, or media appear to be in the app. Students are then able to interact with the digital content by manipulating it to learn more about it. Students's engagement should also increase when they create their own experience in AR to demonstrate their understanding of a particular concept or words. Learning effects were evaluated on survey data collected from a hundred respondents aging six to nine years. One-group design for pre-test and post-test was utilized to examine the differences of learning efficacy by comparing the non-'Funt' group and the Funt group scores. A pairwise t-Test was performed for pairwise comparisons between two learning groups. The results indicate that the 'Funt' group scored significantly higher than the non-'Funt' group in the measures of learning motivation, learning satisfaction, and learning involvement. Overall, our results suggest that 'Funt' attracted the students' attention, provided them with a fun context to learn English vocabulary, and develop positive motivation and satisfaction towards vocabulary learning through AR technology.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2022

비대면 만남이 일반화 되는 시대에 기존의 사진/영상을 기반으로 한 온라인 만남에서 충족되지 못하는 영역을 확장현실이 빠르게 발전해 나가며 채워가고 있다. 하지만, 가장 보편적으로 확장현실을 경험할 수 있는, 손을 주요 입력도구로 하는 HMD(Head Mount Display)형 혼합현실에서 적용되고 있는 기본 조작들은 표준화 된 체계가 없고 각각의 제조사들에 따라 다른 손동작에 별개로 대응되어 동작하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 혼합현실에서 수행되는 조작들의 사용성과 효율성을 고려한 체계화된 손동작 매칭체계가 필요하다고 여겨 이를 규명하는 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저, MR환경에서 수행되는 기본적인 조작과 그 속성을 규명하였고, 동시에 손의 구조와 발생할 수 있는 손동작들의 속성들을 규명하였다. 규명한 속성들을 토대로 MR(Mixed Reality)환경에서의 기본조작과 손의 구조/맥락에 따른 미묘한 작동속성을 직관적이고 효율적으로 매칭할 수 있는 체계를 제시하고자 한다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.79-111
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• 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It can lead to emotional and physical problems. Treatments such as antidepressant and cognitive behavioral therapy for MDD have many limitations. Traditional East Asian Herbal Medicine (TEAM) is a representative modality of Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) which can be used for MDD. However, no study has systematically reviewed the efficacy or safety of TEAM for MDD so far. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate effectiveness and safety of TEAM as a monotherapy for MDD. We only included TEAM that could be used in context of clinical setting in Korean Medicine. Outcomes were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and total effective rate (TER). After comprehensive electronic search of 11 databases, we included 28 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared HM as monotherapy with antidepressant for MDD. Meta-analysis showed that TEAM had significant benefits in reducing HAMD (MD=-0.40, 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.13, p=0.003, I²=85%) and improving TER (RR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.10, p=0.003, I²=0%). It also appeared to be safer than antidepressant in terms of adverse effects. Methods used for RCTs were poor and the quality of evidence was graded 'low' or 'moderate'. These findings indicate that the use of HM as a monotherapy might have potential benefits in MDD treatment as an alternative to antidepressant. However, considering the methodological quality of included RCTs, the clinical evidence is uncertain. Further well-designed RCTs are required to confirm these findings.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2018

완전 자율주행 단계에 이르기 전까지 부분 자율주행 차량에서는 시스템이 특정 상황에서 운전자에게 직접 운전을 하도록 요청하는 제어권 전환 요청(TOR)이 필수적이다. 이 연구의 목적은 인간-자동차 인터랙션 방식 중 HDD(Head-Down Display)보다 HUD(Head-Up Display)가 제어권 전환 요청 시 사용자 경험 인식에서 더 유리한지 비교하는 것이다. 운전 시뮬레이터 실험을 통해 참가자가 자율주행 상황에서 부가적 과업인 게임을 하다가 제어권 전환 요청을 인지하면 직접 운전을 수행하도록 하였다. 실험 결과, 반응시간과 주관적 작업 부하에서는 차이가 없었으나, '사용 용이성'과 '만족도'에서 HUD 방식이 HDD보다 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 자율 주행시 HUD를 통해 부가적 과업을 하도록 디자인하는 것이 제어권 전환 요청 기능의 사용자 경험을 개선하는 효과가 있었다. 이 연구는 자율주행 맥락에서의 사용자 경험 디자인 가이드라인 설정을 위한 실증 사례를 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

인간의 본능이라 할 수 있는 스토리텔링은 오랜 시간에 걸쳐 변화해 왔다. 기술과 매체의 발전과 함께 변화해온 스토리텔링은 다양한 모습과 형태로 발현되어 왔고, 최근 몇 년간, 스마트 기기의 보급으로 인해 인터랙티브 스토리텔링의 영역을 확대시키고 있다. 과거의 매체에 비해, 사용자의 다양하고 직접적인 인풋을 더욱 용이하게 하는 기술로 인해, 청자를 사용자로 탈바꿈 시킨 매체는 사용자가 스토리를 '듣는' 것에서 '경험' 할 수 있도록 하는데 크게 기여하고 있다. 이러한 기술의 발전과 경향에 맞춰, 본 연구에서는 아이패드(ipad)를 위한 인터랙티브 동화 '아기 돼지 삼형제와 늑대'를 디자인하고 구현해 보았다. 스토리텔링과 인터랙티비티에 대한 고찰, 그리고 새로운 기술 인터랙션에 초점을 맞추어 구현한 이 동화는 다양한 멀티미디어 요소와 터치 인터랙션 이외에도 ipad에 내장 되어 있는 멀티터치 기술과 마이크기술을 이용하여 스토리의 컨텍스트에 맞는 색다른 인풋과 인터랙션을 구현 해 보였다. 새로운 기술과 다양한 인풋 행위로 사용자가 스토리속의 캐릭터에 몰입하고 경험하게 하는 데 초점을 둔 인터랙티브 체험형 동화는 총 22단계로 구성되어 있으며, 아이튠즈 스토어 (itunes store)에서 판매되었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1516-1529
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• 2023

In this paper, a motor gearbox fault-detection system based on a hierarchical flow-based model is proposed. The proposed system is used for the anomaly detection of a motion sound-based actuator module. The proposed flow-based model, which is a generative model, learns by directly modeling a data distribution function. As the objective function is the maximum likelihood value of the input data, the training is stable and simple to use for anomaly detection. The operation sound of a car's side-view mirror motor is converted into a Mel-spectrogram image, consisting of a folding signal and an unfolding signal, and used as training data in this experiment. The proposed system is composed of an encoder and a decoder. The data extracted from the layer of the pretrained feature extractor are used as the decoder input data in the encoder. This information is used in the decoder by performing an interlayer cross-scale convolution operation. The experimental results indicate that the context information of various dimensions extracted from the interlayer hierarchical data improves the defect detection accuracy. This paper is notable because it uses acoustic data and a normalizing flow model to detect outliers based on the features of experimental data.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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• pp.275-275
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• 2021

A fixed Z-R relationship approach, such as the Marshall-Palmer relationship, for an entire year and for different seasons can be problematic in cases where the relationship varies spatially and temporally throughout a region. From this perspective, this study explores the use of long-term radar reflectivity for South Korea to obtain a nationwide calibrated Z-R relationship and the associated uncertainties within a Bayesian regression framework. This study also investigates seasonal differences in the Z-R relationship and their roles in reducing systematic error. Distinct differences in the Z-R parameters in space are identified, and more importantly, an inverse relationship between the parameters is clearly identified with distinct regimes based on the seasons. A spatially structured pattern in the parameters exists, particularly parameter α for the wet season and parameter β for the dry season. A pronounced region of high values during the wet and dry seasons may be partially associated with storm movements in that season. Finally, the radar rainfall estimates through the calibrated Z-R relationship are compared with the existing Z-R relationships for estimating stratiform rainfall and convective rainfall. Overall, the radar rainfall fields based on the proposed modeling procedure are similar to the observed rainfall fields, whereas the radar rainfall fields obtained from the existing Marshall-Palmer Z-R relationship show a systematic underestimation. The obtained Z-R relationships are validated by testing the predictions on unseen radar-gauge pairs in the year 2018, in the context of cross-validation. The cross-validation results are largely similar to those in the calibration process, suggesting that the derived Z-R relationships fit the radar-gauge pairs reasonably well.