• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.spc1
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• pp.1083-1093
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• 2021

It is an essential to predict water usage for establishing an optimal supply operation plan and reducing power consumption. However, the water usage by consumer has a non-linear characteristics due to various factors such as user type, usage pattern, and weather condition. Therefore, in order to predict the water consumption, we proposed the methodology linking various techniques that can consider non-linear characteristics of water use and we called it as KWD framework. Say, K-means (K) cluster analysis was performed to classify similar patterns according to usage of each individual consumer; then Wavelet (W) transform was applied to derive main periodic pattern of the usage by removing noise components; also, Deep (D) learning algorithm was used for trying to do learning of non-linear characteristics of water usage. The performance of a proposed framework or model was analyzed by comparing with the ARMA model, which is a linear time series model. As a result, the proposed model showed the correlation of 92% and ARMA model showed about 39%. Therefore, we had known that the performance of the proposed model was better than a linear time series model and KWD framework could be used for other nonlinear time series which has similar pattern with water usage. Therefore, if the KWD framework is used, it will be possible to accurately predict water usage and establish an optimal supply plan every the various event.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2018

Traditional medicines (TM) in Korea, China, and Japan share most of the theories and therapeutic tools, but there are also differences due to their unique histories and cultures. Here, we aim to identify the differences in the utilization of TM theory between three countries by analyzing herb usage data in terms of the related traditional theories. Herb usage data of each country was collected from "Investigation of Korean medicine use and herbal medicine consumption survey" (Korea), "Analytical report on circulation of key Chinese medicinal materials" (China), and "Survey report on raw material crude drug usage" (Japan). Fifty five herbs with sixty features belonging to five theoretical categories (four properties, five tastes, targeting meridians, treatment strategies, and herbal parts) were selected and analyzed. Weight Sum Model (WSM) and Network-Based Group Features (NBGF) were used to compare the theoretical characteristics of TM between three countries. For the statistical evaluation, we developed and applied Herb Set Enrichment Analysis (HSEA) for WSM and NBGF results. HSEA for WSM results revealed the kidney meridian were targeted more in Korea than Japan, while the spleen meridian were targeted more in Japan than Korea. Herbs with sour taste were used more in Japan than China. HSEA for NBGF results found that NBGF including warm, neutral, sweet, and tonifying features were more dominant in Korea and than Japan, while NBGF including cold, bitter, heat-clearing features were more dominant in Japan than the others. These results suggest that TM in Korea, China, and Japan have unique aspects of practice patterns and theoretical utilization.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1231-1241
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the nutrient supplement use and its related influencing factors by high school students in Chonbuk area. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 489 (urban: 268, rural: 221). Statistical data analysis was completed using a SPSS v. 10.0 program. The results are summarized as follows. According to the general characteristic of subjects, the job and education level of parents and family monthly income respectively affected the nutrient supplement use of subjects (p<0.001). According to the living area, taking a nutrient supplement of parents and nutritional information respectively affected the nutrient supplement use of subjects (p<0.001). About 42.2% of subjects, who taking a nutrient supplement, responded to take a traditional medicine type, and 24.4% of them a multivitamin. Their mothers were important recommended person. The main reason for taking was 'to recommended from parent' (38.5%) and 'recovery from tiredness' (29.6%). The main reason for not-taking was that they were health, therefore nutrient supplements were not necessary. In the future about 43.7% of urban and 33.9% of rural area responded to take a nutrient supplements (p<0.05). These findings show that the behaviors of nutritional supplement usage by subjects are not reasonable, and their supplement usage tends to be affected by general characteristics. Therefore, nutritional understanding and education that are intended to from reasonable behaviors toward nutritional supplement usage of adolescents should be provided with considering the relationship between general characteristic of subjects and supplement usage.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.45-54
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• 2015

Since the V-World, the Spatial Information Open Platform service, has started in 2012, a lot of people have increased explosively every year with their interest. It is necessary to know the specific service status in order to serve as indicators of the improvement of user's environment and the service to be added in the future based on the user's increasing need. However, there is difficulty to figure out more specific service status, such as the usage of hardware resources for 2D / 3D / Portal services and the actual user usage patterns, because the current system does not have the real-time monitoring system. Therefore, in this paper, through the analysis of the usage of system resources for 2D / 3D / Portal services based on web server log and the usage of hardware resources such as CPU, Memory based on system log, we analyze the usage of service in 2015 and compare with the results of the 2014, to present problems of the current system and the solutions about the problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.625-639
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• 2015

The number of Chinese tourists visiting Korea has rapidly increased over the last decade. It is important to understand Chinese consumption patterns and shopping behavior because they have become major customers in the Korean fashion market. This study focuses on how Chinese tourists feel while shopping in Korea and how emotions influence their attitude towards purchased products. We examine how planned purchase and unplanned purchase impact shopping emotions and product usage satisfaction. A survey was conducted on 550 women between 20 and 60 years of age who have visited Seoul more than once with an online panel from an international survey firm. Data are analyzed using structural equation modeling by AMOS 20.0. Respondents were asked to recall most impressive fashion product that they bought in Korea during their recent visit and to answer if it was a planned or unplanned purchase. This study also measures emotions during product purchases and usage satisfaction. The respondents are categorized into heavy and light buyers according to purchasing power to determine the moderating effects of purchase amount. The results indicate that planned purchases tend to deliver positive emotions that enhance product usage satisfaction. In the case of unplanned purchases, without the mediating role of positive shopping emotions, it has a negative impact on product attitude and shows the importance of positive emotions during shopping. The influence of unplanned purchases on shopping emotions or product attitude in light buyers is not significant for the moderating effect of purchasing power. Only planned purchases trigger product usage satisfaction when it is mediated by positive emotions.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.689-697
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• 2015

The tapeworm Taenia solium is an important human zoonotic parasite that causes great economic loss and also endangers public health. At present, an effective vaccine that will prevent infection and chemotherapy without any side effect remains to be developed. In this study, codon usage patterns in the T. solium genome were examined through 8,484 protein-coding genes. Neutrality analysis showed that T. solium had a narrow GC distribution, and a significant correlation was observed between GC12 and GC3. Examination of an NC (ENC vs GC3s)-plot showed a few genes on or close to the expected curve, but the majority of points with low-ENC (the effective number of codons) values were detected below the expected curve, suggesting that mutational bias plays a major role in shaping codon usage. The Parity Rule 2 plot (PR2) analysis showed that GC and AT were not used proportionally. We also identified 26 optimal codons in the T. solium genome, all of which ended with either a G or C residue. These optimal codons in the T. solium genome are likely consistent with tRNAs that are highly expressed in the cell, suggesting that mutational and translational selection forces are probably driving factors of codon usage bias in the T. solium genome.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.133-140
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• 2008

This study is purposed to understand the usage of the color and the material pattern in detail and to apply for interior architecture. Many documents have prescribed the color and the pattern at random. While the usage of the color and the materials was ignored rather than architectural form, the importance of the color and the materials stands out in modern interior space. The villa, the weekend home of the Savoye family, was built between 1928 and 1931. Particularly, the villa Savoye was focused for this study. Le Corbusier viewed case pieces for storage and wall partition for division as architecture, and he units furniture and architecture by developing partition that could be painted either the wall color to become part of the wall or in contrasting colors to stand out as wall partition. He loved white and lie believed in using it for interiors, but noted that it should also be balanced with a wall related polychromy. Color became an integral part of white structure of the villa savoye that was raised on stilt with an exterior wall at the base painted green as a visual connection with the lawn. Color was used architecturally in the interior as well, with white walls interrupted by planes of pink, blue and red ocher and it gives the space an unexpected playfulness with tile color of the finishing materials. the various usage of the color and material patterns constitute an element of great architectural richness. They have a unique principle based on emotional order and make the man move to another space and experience the spacial connection.