• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.249-259
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• 1997

As the gap between competing products narrows in terms of performance and quality, the product usability is rapidly becoming a new dimension of product design as the key to offering distinctive value to the customer. Because the user interface is important, not only for the user but also for the efficiency of te whole organiation, system designers require increasingly precise evaluation methods to determine how effective and usable human-product interface is. In this study a new methodology named usability analysis diagram(UAD), for evaluating usability of human-product interface systematically, was developed. UAD is a top-down flow diaagram of a human-product interaction, in ehichfour basic elements - perception, understanding, intellectual decision and action - were classified and then represented by a particular symbol for each. The usability of the product is assessed by the frequency of each symbol in a diagram which represents a sequence of cognitive and physical activities of users during the use of the product, and by the level of difficulty that is classif- ied in three levels in terms of easiness of perception, understanding and action. In order to test validity of the proposed UAD in a real situation, a case study was performed on two different cameras, automatic and manual, and their usability was successfully evaluated and compared.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2003

In this paper we propose a multi-step approach for interactive design development based on usability engineering and show the proposed methodology is able to apply the digital art works. As an example, we show the proposed multi-step approach is efficient in the developing process of a digital design works.

• Journal of Communication Design
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• v.39
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• pp.82-90
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• 2012

The present study is focused on investigating the subjective viewpoint of users favoring Galaxy phones as an element for emotional experience designs, and Q methodology used for the study of subjectivity has revealed 3 types. The first type is a type pursuing reasoned actions with high expectations for the emotional quality through direct and indirect experiences of Galaxy phones. They were shown to place an emphasis on portability and usability while having a low preference for the shape of external forms and materials. The second type is a type pursuing planned actions with an emphasis on individual subjective perceptions as well as both of physical sensation and usability. They were distinguished as a type preferring pleasure and efficiency experienced by its use. The third type is a type pursuing differentiated personalities with an emphasis on messages they want to deliver to other people through the products owned by an individual. They were identified as a type emphasizing display of personalities through differentiation in aesthetic elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-287
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present a theoretical framework and practical methodology to extend the scope of Library and Information Science by incorporating the usability evaluation of e-book, which has considerably increased in proportion in the digital library. By sirveying e-book users and through statistical analysis. it was found that rebuilding a set of usabllity evaluation factors for e-books is necessary to activate e-books in the digital libraries. This study inclusively presents a conceptual model of e-book usability evaluation and suggests guidelines for usability principles.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1351-1359
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• 2003

Extreme programming is the most representative methodology among agile software development methodologies which is agile in business environment which change fast. As software industry is matured, usability of software quality characteristics is emphasized gradually, but effort to obtain usability in extreme programming is insufficient. To improve usability of extreme programming, in this thesis, a software life cycle is defined by six phase as exploration, planning, iterations to release, productionizing, maintenance, and death phase. In this thesis, an extreme programming process which can improve usability is proposed by definition of 11 activities including integration testing and acceptance testing for usability testing, The proposed process is validated with four aspects. The proposed process is enhanced to support acceptance testing activity. The proposed extreme programming process is able to support CMM level 4 and quality assurance practice of CMM.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

Purpose: This study is to conduct usability evaluations from the perspective of developing comfort-shoes for the middle-aged and elderly to identify key factors and derive implications for optimal comfort-shoes production. Research design, data, and methodology: A total of 10 middle-aged and elderly women in their 50s and 60s were selected as eligible for the rescue. For data collection, the study was conducted in a Gang Survey, where pre-explanations, shoes test, and interviews were conducted. The collected data were analyzed in a total of four stages. In step 1, the contents obtained through interviews with the subjects were recorded in text, organized and analyzed systematically, and in step 2, unnecessary vocabulary, sentences, and overlapping opinions were eliminated. In step 3, we classified areas around key functions and carried out categorization tasks. Finally, in Step 4, the results and implications of the study were derived by classifying each usability evaluation shoe as positive and negative text around categorized data. Results: There are a total of seven factors for comfort-shoes usability evaluation, which are categorized as cushion, fitting, stability, flexibility, lightweight, comfort, and pressure. Positive/negative factors for the derived usability evaluation factors were shown in the form of a positive-centered, negative-centered, and positive-mixed mix for each of the four products. Positive-focused products are VA products, which are seven times more positive than negative factors. Negative-centered products are CL and SA products, which are five times more negative than positive factors. Positive mixing was a CA product with a ratio of 1:1. Text-based usability evaluations allow us to proceed with analysis based on more scientific data rather than simply listening to opinions and judging by comments. Conclusions: The study discussed implications of developing comfort-shoes for middle-aged consumers and future directions were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

In this study, the usability evaluation of a menu-structure was performed using spreading activation model with respect to human's memory retrieval. Spreading Activation Model is effectively used to understand the process of information retrieval, so it can be used as a theoretical background for modeling of the process of human's information retrieval. For spreading activation test (SAT), subjects were presented with 67 pairs of menu titles, which consist of a menu title in the high level menu item and a menu title for the next lower level menu item, from Korea University's web site. For performance tests, three scenarios were developed with longer reaction times and ambiguous associations found in the SAT to reflect the existing problems of the website. As a result, the SAT was found to bean effective tool to enhance the website usability because the SAT could bea substitute for the performance test with a high correlation $({\rho}=0.735,\;{\alpha}=0.05)$. After remaining menu titles with slow reaction times and ambiguous associations found in SAT, the website usability was significantly improved with faster reaction times and less ambiguous associations proven with smaller number of web-page visits. Therefore, the SAT could be used as a methodology to design and evaluate the user-centered menu structure related to human's association structure.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the customer experience of generative AI among office workers aged 30 to 40, investigating usability, usefulness, and affect, and understanding concerns and expectations. Design/Methodology/Approach This research used Q methodology to assess the customer experience of generative AI. Users are engaged in a problem-solving journey, and data is collected by having participants rank 36 statements based on usability, usefulness, and affect, referred to as the three goals of User Experience. Participants use a forced distribution table with a scale from -5 to +5 to indicate the subjective importance of each statement. The results identified four groups, reflecting different perspectives and attitudes toward generative AI. Findings Participants express overall comfort with generative AI, perceive AI as more knowledgeable in unfamiliar domains, but harbor doubts about AI's understanding. Disagreements emerge on AI replacing humans, the value of unique human roles, data confidentiality, fears of AI advancement, and emotional impacts. Identified four groups: Users who treat AI as a soulless assistant and are active in business use, Uncle users who want to use new technologies properly and are not afraid of technology, users who recognize the limits of AI despite its efficiency, and users who require strong verification in the future. It has the potential to guide future guidelines, ethical codes, and regulations for the appropriate use of AI. In addition, this approach lays the groundwork for future empirical analyses of generative AI.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2003

In order to design a product for old people, it is important to identify usability problems through usability test and solve such problems in design process. So, we performed a study on design evaluation and improvement focusing on washing machine, that is one of the most useful electric home appliances in old people's daily life. Also, we studied the method that the goniometer can be used in usability evaluation for a specific part of product and the result can be used in product design. And, methods for the decision of design concept and direction, the development of design alternatives, design evaluation, model making, and comparison test through human factors theory and experiment were studied. The result can be used as an important data in the development of washing machine for old people and the proposed methodology can be used in other products for old people as well as washing machine.

• IE interfaces
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2009

In mobile device's user interface, menu organization is very important as well as menu structure because small display of mobile device. Menu items should be organized based on user knowledge structure to design user-centered interface. Traditionally, MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) have been most often used to expose users' perceived organization of menu items. But, information that MDS reveals is just relative spatial location of concepts and not relevant to concepts connection. Unlike MDS, Trajectory Mapping explicitly finds users' cognitive links between perceived concepts. This study proposes a Trajectory Mapping technique for eliciting knowledge structure, especially a set of cognitive pathways linking menu items, from end user. With twelve participants, MDS and Trajectory Mapping were conducted using cellular phone's menu items. And user knowledge structure was analyzed through Visual Concept Map that combination of results of MDS and Trajectory Mapping. After then, menu items were organized according to users' perceived organization. Empirical usability test was also conducted. The results of usability test showed that usability, in terms of task performance time, number of errors, and satisfaction, for newly organized interface was significantly improved compare to original interface. The methodology of this study is expected to be applicable to design a user-centered interface. In other words, Trajectory Mapping technique can be used as a design tool of user interface for imposing user knowledge structure on the interface.