• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.106-110
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• 2004

In any large heavy industry like that of ship building, there exist a lot of complications for the arrangement of building blocks optimally for the minimal space consumption. The major problem arises at yard because of laxity in space for arranging the building blocks of ship under construction. A standardized erection sequence diagram is generally available to provide the prioritised erection sequence. This erection sequence diagram serves as the frame work. In order to make a timely erection of the blocks a post plan has to be developed so that the blocks lie in the nearest possible vicinity of the material handling devices while keeping the priority of erection. Therefore, the blocks are arranged in the pre-erection area. This kind of readiness of blocks leads to a very complex problem of space. This arises due to the least available space leading to an urgent need of an availability of intelligent spatial schedule without compromising the rate of production. There exists two critical problems ahead namely, the spatial occupation layout of pre-erection area and the emptying pattern in the spatial vicinity. The block shape is assumed be rectangular. The related input data's are the dates of erection (earliest as well as the latest), geometrical parameters of block available on pre-erection area, slack time and the like.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

The Purpose of this study is to improve construction quality with area calculation methods from BIM design technology. BIM has been supporting public-private-organizations and academic circles as a solution technology to manage and produce informations effectively from construction field including facility manage one. BIM standards are necessary but not sufficient for achieving perfect practical application in South Korea. In particular, development of architectural rule based area calculation methods is very urgent and important to improve construction quality. To solve those problems, methods and standards on area calculation are developed and its effectiveness of the proposed BIM-based methods is defined through the analysis between the existed area calculation method and process which are 2D based. This study will not only improve economic efficiency and accuracy of the construction quality but also settle the BIM environment in the domestic architecture.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.498-505
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• 2013

The main processes involved in a defect dispute are consulting, reviewing, and finally judging as an arbiter. This process of defect consulting produces a defect consulting report, but business practices and standards of judgment will differ among consultants, and have many problems. This study reviews the structure of a defect consulting report and considers the structure's problem, which is that it is not standardized. To achieve this, data of sixteen defect consulting report were collected involving defect lawsuit cases before or after 2010. The structure and index of the defect consulting reports were then reviewed, and the results are as follows. As for a structure based on fourteen index, there are suitable that judge a outline, a cost estimate data and a consulting work item by a consulting standard. Furthermore, analysis by each common parts and private parts is considered as appropriate about consulting items and estimate by standard. However, consulting item in construction progress and responsibility period for security that related on a cause and a responsibility of defect need to complement. Meanwhile, the first thing of issues are connected a defect consulting is urgent a standardization for a defect type.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

Recently, various efforts for the extended utilization of woody biomass has been attempted due to the fact that global warming, energy and environmental problems are urgent ones to be solved. Development of new energy sources at our national security level is desperately needed as we depend on almost all of energies supplied from other countries, let alone the economic crisis caused by oil price hike. Woody biomass can be converted to energy by means of thermochemical, biological, or direct combustion processes. Many processes are available for producing bioenergy, such as bioethanol, wood pellet, wood chip, combined heat, and power system. Political support and R&D investment should be provided that can boost the utilization of the wood biomass, the eco-environment, and recyclable and alternative energy resources for national power security. In addition, a long-term strategy that can utilize unused and low efficient woody biomass resources, and systematically collect and manage them in a national level should be set up. Even though the possibility in total exchange of fossil oil with woody biomass is quite low, technology developments of woody biomass for the solution to global warming and environmental problem through its commercialization are expected to grow steadily.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

This study aims to create a disaster management system after an earthquake. Japan's earthquake disaster management system, including the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act, addresses all of the disaster phases of prevention, mitigation, preparedness and emergency response as well as recovery and reconstruction with roles and responsibilities among the national and local governments clearly defined. Korea's earthquake disaster management system are including the Disaster Countermeasures Basic, but when the 9.12 earthquake occurred, problems such as insufficient early response, study on the earthquake lack were revealed. This study conducted a field survey and analyzed coping process after Po Hang earthquake. Therefore, this study have found that Disaster Management Headquarters are operated rapidly. They are coped with urgent safety inspection for damage facilities and soil liquefaction with advanced equipment. And The headquarters interviewed with victims. So they found out What the victims needed. However, when carrying out relief activities, Research of temporary housing and allocation of donations was not rapid. Further, this study have found that earthquake specialists were lack and disaster information transfer was not working. This study will be utilized as fundamental data in planning disaster management system after an earthquake.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.107-129
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• 2017

Arbitration has grown a unique resolving method for international commercial disputes. However, it has considered a similar court process, such as interim relief, during arbitration proceedings. Further, it would be asked for urgent measures before the arbitrators are constituted in the proceedings. In this case, the disputing party has to apply in the court. This is an unattractive factor in international arbitration; therefore, some institutions are trying to reform such an inconvenient system by adopting the emergency arbitrator. The purpose of this study is to look into ways of utilizing the emergency arbitrator for effective dispute resolution in shipbuilding and shipping industries. The emergency arbitrator needs to solve problems such as making a decision on leaving cargos in the ship, matters involving a ship arrest, or issues regarding vessels under construction. In order to utilize the emergency arbitrator system, it needs to make a close partnership with related institutions, prepare Korean-style standard shipbuilding and shipping contracts, and provide training programs for new emergency arbitrators and staff of institutions. Next, the arbitration institution has to have a great working relationship with a court. Finally, it should try to implement a new system, such as on-line service, for the procedures of the emergency arbitrator.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

Resident training programs in South Korea lag far behind that of advanced countries. Given the problems the current system in South Korea has, it is time to consider a new resident training system, resident training for general competencies. Training for the general competencies was practiced in medical fields in advanced countries such as the USA, Canada, and the UK as early as 20 years ago. This system has rendered itself a key component of resident training. Although a few theoretical procedures on general competencies have been practiced in South Korea, the awareness of this concept is still very weak, and the application of the theory to actual training is a long way off from becoming effective. It is urgent for South Korea to adopt competency- and outcome-based training for general competencies. To this end, the knowledge of the concept of this type of training should be improved. Also, the system should be carefully designed to cover a doctor's whole career, and be applied immediately. The competency- and outcome-based training for general competencies is a system that assures high level qualifications. It reflects the needs of our society under the recognition that a professional organization should be committed and accountable in order to respond to social demands. As the benefits of the new training system reach the public and medical care consumers, training-related expenses should be borne by social costs.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Defect dispute in apartment building has become a debating social issue. The system of defect lawsuit and the conciliation process are applicable to solve defect problems in South Korea. Among various defects, painting work defect is a critical issue because it requires large area works and entails a lot of cost. Accordingly, disputes on work procedure and cost calculation are argued oftenly between residents and housing providers. This study reviewed detailed main issues of painting work and propose relevant systems and standards. In this analysis, the main issues are categorized into pre-works, main work, and others. The most recent cases are compared and analyzed for each issue. After the analysis, following conclusions are obtained, (1) In defect lawsuit system, even though surface treatment work in pre-work step is part of main work, it has been separated and regarded as a separate work. (2) Although the main painting work are not significantly different from two systems, it is still necessary to achieve a consensus to close the gap in the methodology of painting area calculation and determining whole painting or partial painting. (3) In addition, unlike the profit rate of general construction works, that of painting work remained the maximum rate and additional charge rate for works carried out in higher place are different among cases. Therefore, it is determined that establishing consistent standards is urgent.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.872-885
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• 2015

The rapid increase of smart mobile devices and mobile applications has led to explosive growth of data traffic in cellular network. Offloading data traffic becomes one of the most urgent technical problems. Recent work has proposed to exploit opportunistic communications to offload cellular traffic for mobile data dissemination services, especially for accepting large delayed data. The basic idea is to deliver the data to only part of subscribers (called target-nodes) via the cellular network, and allow target-nodes to disseminate the data through opportunistic communications. Human mobility shows temporal and spatial characteristics and predictability, which can be used as effective guidance efficient opportunistic communication. Therefore, based on the regularity of human mobility we propose NodeRank algorithm which uses the encounter characteristics between nodes to choose target nodes. Different from the existing work which only using encounter frequency, NodeRank algorithm combined the contact time and inter-contact time meanwhile to ensure integrity and availability of message delivery. The simulation results based on real-world mobility traces show the performance advantages of NodeRank in offloading efficiency and network redundant copies.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.223-245
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• 2016

This study defines copyrighted public records in broad sense including open government data and public domain except for some private records. Additionally, this study aims to investigate improvement plan for maximizing utilization of copyrighted public records in web-sites using customer side, without consideration of supplier side. For this purpose, qualitative study method was used with grounded theory on analyzed problems from literature review and case study. Literature review was concentrated on definition of open data and abroad utilization indicators whereas case study analyzed current situation of four web-sites providing copyrighted public records. Converged opinions from in-depth interview and various statistical data was analyzed as a basis for grounded theory, then a paradigm model was constructed and future improvement plans were presented. The findings imply that opening of copyrighted public records is not just important for quantitative results, rather it requires qualitative improvement providing latest credible information that is consistent with the demand of the customer. Thus, development of service platform and business models for copyrighted public records are urgent task.