• 제목/요약/키워드: Upper Face

검색결과 483건 처리시간 0.026초

고낙하추 충격시험기를 이용한 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재의 저에너지 충격거동 연구 (Impact Behaviors of Stitched Sandwich Composites Under Low Energy Impact Using Drop Weight Impact Tester)

  • 윤성호;이상진;조세현
    • Composites Research
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    • 제12권5호
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    • pp.54-64
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    • 1999
  • 본 연구에서는 낙하추 방식의 충격시험기를 이용하여 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재의 저에너지 충격거동을 조사하였다. 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재는 유리섬유직물의 면재와 우레탄 폼의 코아로 구성되어 있으며 위쪽 면재와 아래쪽 면재는 폴리에스터 보강섬유로 코아의 두께방향을 따라 스티칭하여 일체형으로 결합되어 있다. 이때 코아의 두께가 충격거동에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 코아의 두께를 달리한 네 종류의 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재를 고려하였다. 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재에 작용되는 충격조건은 낙하추의 질량과 낙하추의 낙하높이를 조절함으로써 변화시켰다. 연구결과에 따르면 코아의 두께, 낙하추의 낙하높이, 그리고 낙하추의 질량 등의 변화는 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재에서의 충격하중, 충격체와의 접촉시간, 면재에 형성된 변형율 등에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 또한 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재는 스티칭부의 보강효과로 인해 손상을 억제시킬 분 아니라 손상이 발생한 경우에도 구조물로서 역할을 담당할 수 있다. 그러나 스티칭된 샌드위치 복합재를 효율적으로 기존의 구조물에 적용하기 위해서는 스티칭부에서의 수지함침성을 개선할 수 있는 제작공법의 연구가 필요하다.

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Clinical Experience with Treatment of Angioleiomyoma

  • Woo, Kyoung Sik;Kim, Sang Hun;Kim, Han Seong;Cho, Pil Dong
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.374-378
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    • 2014
  • Background Angioleiomyoma, a vascular leiomyoma, is a rare, benign smooth-muscle tumor that originates in the tunica media of vessels. It occurs anywhere in the body, most frequently in the lower extremities. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who were treated for angioleiomyoma between 2000 and 2012. The clinical features of angioleiomyoma and the correlation between symptoms and pathological subtypes were investigated. Results There were 9 males and 6 females. Ages of the patients ranged from 21 to 61. Pain was the primary symptom in 44% of the patients. Tumors were smaller than 2.0 cm in all dimensions and were located in the face in 4 patients, whereas 5 lesions occurred in the upper extremities and the remaining 7 in the lower extremities. Three histologic subtypes were identified: solid, venous, and cavernous. The subtypes did not correlate with the clinical symptoms. Conclusions Angioleiomyoma appears to be a rare tumor that occurs in the face and the extremities. The tumor usually occurs in middle age. A differential diagnosis of this tumor is difficult, but the tumor should be considered in the diagnosis of painful subcutaneous masses. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. These tumors can be successfully treated with simple excision, with a low recurrence rate.

방풍통성산(防風通聖散)의 문헌(文獻) 및 형상의학적(形象醫學的) 고찰(考察) (Documentational Study and Observation from the View of Hyungsang Medicine on Bangpungtongseong-san)

  • 석민희;김준홍;이용태
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 2008
  • The following conclusions were obtained from the studies on Bangpuntongseongsan both from the documents and Hyungsang medicine. Bangpungtongseong-san was created by Yu Wan-so to relieve both interior and exterior of disease from the pathogenic fire, and it cures wind syndrome and dry syndrome. Bangpungtongseong-san is of light herbal combination and it works in the upper part of the body and is mainly applied to skin disease. Perspiration without harming the exterior and purgation without hurting the interior shows that it is not a severe prescription belonging to meditation therapy. It is mostly used for curing the disease of internal heat caused by over drinking and consuming heavy food, and it has special relationship with Yangmyung meridian. It is mentioned in the chapters of spirit, head, face, eye, ear, nose, throat, skin, hair, prescription, wind, dryness, fire, internal damage, epidemic infectious disease, carbuncle and cellulitis, ulceration, and pediatrics of ${\ulcorner}$Donguibogam${\lrcorner}$. It is usually applied to those who belong to Yangmyung type of the six meridian types or wind type, who has excessive heat, people with red complexion, reddened nose, pimples over the face and nose, coarse heel, loss of hair due to wind-heat, and to those who tend to have dandruff. Through examination over the cases treated with Hyungsan medicine, Bangpungtongseong-san was found efficacious in bloodshot eyes, brandy nose, loss of hair, various skin problems, tetanus, acute alcoholism, paralysis of hand and foot, deafness, and tinnitus.

흉강경하 흉부 교감신경간 절제술을 시행한 본태성 다한증 환자의 임상적 고찰 (Clinical Evaluation of Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy in Hyperhidrosis)

  • 오완수;강정권;연준흠;김정원;홍기혁
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.81-86
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    • 1999
  • Background: Essential hyperhidrosis is a condition with excessive sweating, which may be localized in any parts of the body. Thoracic sympathectomy has been a surgical procedure for the management of hyperhidrosis. Methods: We studied 30 ASA I and II patients suffering from severe hyperhidrosis. Bilateral upper thoracoscopic sympathectomy of $T_{2-4}$ was performed in 30 patients under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with 2.5% thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylcholine chloride 1 mg/kg and was maintained with enflurane 1~2 Vol% and $N_2O-O_2$ mixture adjusted to maintain $SpO_2$ greater than 96%. During anesthesia, invasive arterial pressure, heart rate, EKG, $SpO_2$ and capnography were monitored. Skin temperature was measured with thermister probes attached to the index finger of each hand. An increase in temperature after cautery confirmed success of the sympathectomy. Results: There were 14 men and 16 women whose ages ranged from 16 to 46 years old (mean age 22.2). Of these patients, 13 patients had complained of palm-sole hyperhidrosis, 9 of palm-sole-axilla hyperhidrosis, 4 of palm-sole-face hyperhidrosis and 4 of palm-sole-axilla-face hyperhidrosis. The provocative factors of excessive sweating were tension and stress from interpersonal relationships. There was positive familial history in 37%. The most common complication was compensatory hyperhidrosis in 23 patients comprising 76%. Other complication included peumothorax (4 patients), hemothorax (1 patient), ipsilateral Horner's syndrome (1 patient) and paresthesia of right arm (1 patient). The degree of satisfaction was graded as good, fair and poor with 15, 12 and 3 patients, respectively. Conclusions: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy with VATS is an efficient, safe and minimally invasive surgical procedure for essential hyperhidrosis.

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태열(胎熱)에 관한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察) (Literatural Study on Tae-yeul)

  • 구진숙;김장현
    • 대한한방소아과학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.235-253
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    • 2001
  • Tae-yeul is the baby's disorder inheritted by its mother during fregnancy. This is due to its mother's overeating hot, fatty food and taking harmful medicine. So internal physical fever is accumulated in mother's body, and it heats up the placenta and the umbilical cord. Generally, this disorder means the skin disease that is occurred from $2{\sim}5$ months to 1 year after birth. It is specialized by the dirty oozing, a severe itching and the rash at its head and face. It is similar in its symptoms such as atopic dermatitis in western medicine. Recently, this disease has the increasing tendency of prevalence rate because of the bad atmosphere and the invironmental pollution. The results were summerised as follows; 1, 2, 3, 4 1. The causes of Tae-yeul are summarized by fragnat woman's contacting a cool air, overating a hot and toxic food and taking emotional shock. 2. The symptoms of Tae-yeul are the edema on upper eyelids, stifling convulsions, flush, the fever of one side body, the asthma of sputum increase, the yawing of the tired mind, the bowl complaint, the red urine and urination disturbance. 3. In the treatment method of Tae-yeul, its mother feed her milk after taking a madicine. So one must expect to be treated slowly. If one tries to treat it with a cool madicine quickly, it can cause vomitting or a serious disorder. 4. In the prescription of Tae-yeul, they used a Moktongsan, a Chiwhnagtang, an Yangyoubang, a Tojuksan, a Whangyunsan, a Juryungtang and a Kamdutang, etc.. For the method of cleaning face or bathing, they used Sasungsan, Whanbaekpijuntang. 5. Tae-yeul including Naesun, Taelyumchang, yousun, etc. is similar to the atopic dermatitis of western medicine in its symptoms.

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3차원 얼굴 영상을 이용한 상악 전방견인 치료 후의 연조직 평가 (Soft tissue evaluation using 3-dimensional face image after maxillary protraction therapy)

  • 최동순;이경훈;장인산;차봉근
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제54권3호
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    • pp.217-229
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the soft-tissue change after the maxillary protraction therapy using threedimensional (3D) facial images. Materials and Methods: This study used pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) 3D facial images from thirteen Class III malocclusion patients (6 boys and 7 girls; mean age, $8.9{\pm}2.2years$) who received maxillary protraction therapy. The facial images were taken using the optical scanner (Rexcan III 3D scanner), and T1 and T2 images were superimposed using forehead area as a reference. The soft-tissue changes after the treatment (T2-T1) were three-dimensionally calculated using 15 soft-tissue landmarks and 3 reference planes. Results: Anterior movements of the soft-tissue were observed on the pronasale, subnasale, nasal ala, soft-tissue zygoma, and upper lip area. Posterior movements were observed on the lower lip, soft-tissue B-point, and soft-tissue gnathion area. Vertically, most soft-tissue landmarks moved downward at T2. In transverse direction, bilateral landmarks, i.e. exocanthion, zygomatic point, nasal ala, and cheilion moved more laterally at T2. Conclusion: Facial soft-tissue of Class III malocclusion patients was changed three-dimensionally after maxillary protraction therapy. Especially, the facial profile was improved by forward movement of midface and downward and backward movement of lower face.

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골신연술에 의한 성인 구순구개열자의 중안면함몰의 개선: 증례보고 (TREATMENT OF MIDFACE DEFICIENCY ON ADULT CLEFT LIP AND PALATE INDIVIDUALS BY DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS : CASE REPORT)

  • 손우성;강상욱;강대근;김종렬
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.53-60
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    • 2009
  • Maxillary deficiency, anterior cross bite, constriction of maxillary arch, malaligned teeth are frequently observed in patients with cleft lip and palate. Surgery and orthodontics, combined intervention are needed to correct maxillary deficiency. Distraction osteogenesis that currently used has many advantages like less relapse tendency, more advancement of maxilla, capable in growing patients. In case 1, 18 years old girl with BCLP had severe midfacial deficiency and multiple missing of teeth. LeFort I osteotomy, followed by maxillary distraction osteogenesis utilizing rigid external distraction device(RED) system, was performed. After a 6-day latency period, distraction proceeded at a rate of 1mm per day (at 1st week, 1.5mm/day). Total advancement was 19mm. The RED device left in place for the additional 4 weeks for consolidation. After the RED device was removed, face mask was applied with elastic traction for 5 weeks. After achieving acceptable facial appearance and occlusion, orthodontic appliance was removed. The results after 4 years follow-up was sustained pretty well without aggravation of velopharyngeal function. In case 2, 22 years old man with UCLP had severe midfacial deficiency and palatally erupted upper 2nd premolars due to arch length discrepancy, but the anterior segment of maxillary did not show constriction and crowding. patient had no arch width discrepancy, crowding was concentrated on premolar region. Segmental LeFort I osteotomy was performed. After a 6 - day latency period, using internal distraction device, distraction proceeded at a 0.5mm per day(at 1st week, 0.75 - 1 mm/day). Total advancement was 15mm. After internal distraction device was removed, face mask was applied with elastic traction for 4 weeks. After surgical-orthodontic treatment, facial appearance and occlusion was improved pretty good, and after 46 months follow-up the result was retained well.

성인남녀의 피부 냉점 분포에 관한 연구 (Study on skin cold spot distributions of Korean adult)

  • 최정화;설향
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.667-671
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the number of skin cold receptor in Korean adult as a part of the study to investigate thermal physiological characteristics of Korean. For this 10 healthy subjects were placed in a climatic chamber and received cold stimulation of 1$0^{\circ}C$ on skin surface of each measuring site with a thermo-stimulator. As a result of cold spot measurement we found 23 points/cm2 at face 13. points/cm2 at chest 16 points/cm2 at abdomen 11 points/cm2 at back 14 points/cm2 at upper arm 16 points/cm2 at forearm 18 points/cm2 at back of the hand 15 points/cm2 at thigh 8 points/cm2 at leg 12 points/cm2 at dorsum of foot 8 points/cm2 at sole of foot in male subjects and in female subjects we fund 18 points/cm2 at face 13 points/cm2 at forearm 11 points/cm2 at at back of the hand 8 points/cm2 at palm 9 points/cm2 at thigh 6 points/cm2 at leg 8 points/cm2 at dorsum of foot 2 points/cm2 at sole of foot. The distributions of cold spots varied in different regions of the body surface and was exceptionally dense in the facial skin. There were some differences among other researchers' results but the cause of those differences are not yet known those are due to individual or methodological difference.

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초등학생들의 비구조화된 문제 해결 과정에서 나타나는 공간 추론 능력과 문제 해결 능력 (An analysis of spatial reasoning ability and problem solving ability of elementary school students while solving ill-structured problems)

  • 최주연;김민경
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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    • 제60권2호
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    • pp.133-157
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구에서는 학생들의 생활과 밀접한 공간을 기반으로 한 비구조화된 문제를 개발하고 수업에 적용하였다. 이 과정에서 6학년 학생들의 공간 추론 능력으로는 외적 추론에 비해 내적 추론에서 어려움을 표했으며, 공간 추론이 수와 연산, 측정 등의 영역과 연계되어 활용될 때 그 수준이 더 높게 나타났다. 문제 해결 능력에서는 반성 요소가 미흡하게 나타났으며 초등 현장에서 온라인 환경에서의 협력과 수학적 모델링 학습이 적용 가능하다는 결과를 얻었다. 이를 통해 수학 교육 현장에 공간 학습과 실생활 문제 해결에 관한 의미 있는 시사점을 도출할 것으로 기대된다.

Anatomic Description of the Infraorbital Soft Tissues by Three-dimensional Scanning System

  • Peralta, Alonso Andres Hormazabal;Choi, You-Jin;Hu, Hyewon;Hu, Kyung-Seok;Kim, Hee-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Dental Science
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: For minimally invasive procedures, three-dimensional (3D) anatomical knowledge of the structures of the face is essential. This study aimed to describe the thickness of the skin and subcutaneous tissue and depths of the facial muscles located in the infraorbital region using a 3D scanner to provide critical clinical anatomical guidelines for improving minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. Materials and Methods: The 3D scanning images of 38 Korean cadavers (22 males and 16 females; age range: 51~94 years at the time of death) were analyzed. Eight facial landmarks (P1~P8) were marked on the cadaveric faces. The images were scanned in three steps-undissected face, hemiface after skinning, and revealing the facial muscles. Student's t-test was used to identify significant differences. Result: The skin and subcutaneous tissue tended to become thicker from the upper to lower and medial to lateral aspects, and the muscles followed the same pattern as that of the most superficial located muscle and the deepest located muscles. No significant sex-related differences were found in the skin at any landmark. However, the muscles tended to be deeper in the female participants. Conclusion: The study data can serve as a basis for creating or enhancing clinical anatomy-based guidelines or improving procedures in the infraorbital region.