• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.313-313
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• 2000

Recently the number of lectures of offered as part of distance education courses is increasing due to the necessity of continuing education in this era of rapidly changing technologies. To promote this, Web-based distance education systems have been developed and put into practical use. To step further, we propose a virtual space, distance education platform called interactive virtual laboratory. The proposed system is expected to overcome many obstacles in performing the unit operations laboratory at the current setting. The server/client system implementation was programmed with ASP and Visual Basic. The availability of simple and efficient technological supports for dissemination and remote use of virtual lab systems supports more experimental practices regardless of the number of participating students and their locations. Variety of instruments, process equipments and lab procedures are being added to make it a complete package of virtual lab fur undergraduate unit operations course.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.509-526
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• 2014

The mathematics has moved toward the independence from unit. However, is this tendency also kept up in teaching and learning mathematics? This study starts from this question. We have illuminated this question in respects of a character of unit operation, an essential probability of unit operation and a didactical application of unit. As results, addition and subtraction are operations on identical objects and the result of operation does not also get out of operation's object. On the other hand, multiplication and division are operations on both identical objects and different objects. And the result of operation can generate new unit. We proposed a hypothesis which multiplication and division are transcendental operations from this analysis. The unit operation is not possible essentially. It seems only like unit operation is possible superficially by operational definition on unit. We could discuss on a didactical application of unit from above analysis. And we could deduct implications that the direction of developing mathematic does not necessarily match with the direction of teaching and learning mathematics.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.13-22
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest the educational system and direction of cyber operations officers of non-cyber operations forces who do not specialize in cyber operations. In order to carry out cyber operations as a joint operation, non-Cyber Operations officers must also know about cyber operations, but there is no education system for them at present, Since there is almost no previous research on this, research in the relevant field is necessary. Therefore, the education system was developed based on the prior literature review, that is, the education system, that is, the necessity of education, the object of education, the goals and contents of the education, and the curriculum. In addition, the relevant experts confirmed the validity of each item with Delphi method, and as a result, some improvement was needed, but it was shown to be suitable as a whole. In addition, detailed educational program development can be developed based on this in the future.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 2017

This study analyzed the $6^{th}$ graders' constructions about fraction operations and schemes and figured out the relationships quantitatively between operations and schemes through the written test of 432 students. The results of this study showed that most of students could do partitioning operation well, however, there were many students who had difficulties on iterating operation. There were more students who constructed partitioning operation prior to iterating operation than the opposite. The rate of students who constructed high schemes was lower than that of students who constructed low schemes according to the hierarchy of fraction schemes. Especially, there were many students who construct partitive unit fraction scheme but not partitive fraction scheme, because they could compose unit fraction but not do iterating it. And there were the high correlations between fraction operations and schemes. Given these result, this paper suggests implications about the teaching and learning of fraction.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.145-163
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• 1994

For an Information System to be successful the continual control of the database system(DBS) is very important. In general, such control operations are performed periodically in batches, even in real time systems. We explain DBS related such control operations and describe the decision problem in each of them. Specifically, backup, checkpointing, reorganization, and batch update operations are considered. Then we develop a general model of the batch backup situation to determine the optimal backup timing. Other operations are considered as special cases of the general batch backup operation are derived and compared. We show that, in general, the control limit policy is superior to the fixed time interval policy in terms of the long-run average cost per unit time. Some practical considerations about the implementation of optimal policies are also mentioned.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.8-13
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• 2016

This paper is concerned with the development case of CEA(Course-Embedded Assessment) design tool for engineering education accreditation operations department for CEA system implemented. Each university or programs are already devoting efforts to build research and CEA system for CEA applied to. In order to effectively apply the CEA studies for each program it is required and particularly, the preferred way to build an operating system is considered a difficult situation of the course unit. Therefore, this case study and to propose a method and procedures required to assessment the design basis for curriculum and program assessment unit in terms of the applicability of CEA, proposes a virtual application results. The information proposed in this case study is determined that could be used in the design for the outcomes and assessment of a variety of programs as one of the steps to build the CEA systems.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.129-147
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• 2019

Because of the various concepts and meanings of fractions and the difficulty of learning, studies to improve the teaching methods of fraction have been carried out. Particularly, because there are various methods of teaching depending on the type of fractions or the models or methods used for problem solving in fraction operations, many researches have been implemented. In this study, I analyzed the fractional operations of CCSSM-CA and its U.S. textbooks. It was CCSSM-CA revised and presented in California and the textbooks of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Co., which reflect the content and direction of CCSSM-CA. As a result of the analysis, although the grades presented in CCSSM-CA and Korean textbooks were consistent in the addition and subtraction of fractions, there are the features of expressing fractions by the sum of fractions with the same denominator or unit fraction and the evaluation of the appropriateness of the answer. In the multiplication and division of fractions, there is a difference in the presentation according to the grades. There are the features of the comparison the results of products based on the number of factor, presenting the division including the unit fractions at first, and suggesting the solving of division problems using various ways.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.477-494
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• 2012

This study is to review the content organization and developmental ways of the unit on the mixed calculations and explore the alternatives on the basis of students' responsive examples and error patterns with relation to the mixed calculations, mnemonics of PEMDAS and historical context with relation to the order of operations. Then I analyzed the textbook and manual for teachers of the unit of mixed calculations of fourth grade and improvement about teaching the mixed calculations. First, I pointed out illogical connection between practical problem and rules of order of operations. Second, I suggested constructing a textbook by considering conventional character of order of operations. Third, I pointed out the importance of structural understanding of an expression of mixed calculations and various strategies with relation to teaching and learning. This study is suggestive for textbook development of the mixed calculations.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 2009

This paper is about the basic skills of four operations in numbers and operations areas from step 1 to step 3 in elementary mathematics. Here are the results of the evaluation. First, addition and subtraction take the largest time. The average difficulty rate in operations area is 91.2%. Most students understand the contents of textbook well. Specifically, students easily understand the step 1. However, subtraction has lower difficulty rate than addition. Also, three mixed computation, calculation in horizontal, and rounding(rounding down) are difficult areas for students. The contents of step 2 are fully understood. However, lots of mistakes are found in the process of rounding(rounding down), and sentence problems are thought as difficult. Second, the multiplication is first starting in the step 2-Ga. The unit 'Multiplication 99' takes 13 hours, the longest. The difficulty rate in this unit is 89.4%, students understand well. However, students are influenced by addition and subtraction errors in the process of multiplication, and have difficulty in changing the sentence problem to multiplication expression. Third, the division, which starts in step 3-Ga, has 89.9% of difficulty rate. Students well understand. Result of this paper: most of students understand well four operations, but accurate concept, the relationship between multiplication and division, specific instructions in teaching principles of division calculation and sentence problems are in need. Setting the amount of the contents and difficulty rate in understanding are depends on every school's situation, so suggesting universal standard is really hard. However, studying more objects broadly and specific study will be helpful to suggest proper contents and effective teaching.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.9-21
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• 2020

To analyze current status of CPX in colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine nationwide and investigate the operations required for its development and distribution, we investigate current status of CPX in the nationwide colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine and suggest an improvement plan. A total of 7 colleges (graduate schools) performed CPX using the standardized patients as of July 2020 out of 13 colleges (graduate schools). Because there are a significant number of CPX modules developed by the colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine, a wide array of characteristics of Traditional Korean Medicine are covered, based on the literatures of Traditional Korean medicine. The scope of Clinical Presentation should established and a CPX module should be standardized to expand and distribute CPX in the education of Traditional Korean Medicine. If multiple colleges collect, train and manage the standardized patients in cooperation, CPX could be performed more effectively. Furthermore, medical clinical performance guide for Traditional Korean Medicine should be developed in cooperation. Greater support in the form of manpower, finance, and administration are required to distribute CPX to all colleges and develop various CPX modules.