• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2002

The pilot tests for the development of biaxial failure envelope of high strength concrete of reactor containments were performed. To apply biaxial loads to concrete, the plate specimens were used. The technical difficulties encountered on the development of a suitable biaxial test setup were discussed. To decide the optimum thickness of plate specimen, the nonlinear finite element analyses using ABAQUS were performed for a 1/8 model of cylindrical specimen(${\Phi}150{\times}300$) and four 1/4 models of plate Specimens ($200{\times}200{\times}T$(=30, 50, 60, 70)mm) under uniaxial compression. Analytical values and test data of relative strength ratio between those specimens with different geometric shapes were also compared. The various test data were obtained under uniaxial compression, uniaxial tension, and biaxial compression and then the stress-strain responses were plotted. The test data indicated that the strength of concrete under biaxial compression, $f_1/f_2=-1/-1$, is 15 percent larger than that under uniaxial compression and the poisson's ratio of concrete is 0.16. Teflon pads employed to eliminate friction between test specimen and loading platens showed an excellent effect under biaxial compression.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.921-926
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• 2001

In this paper the biaxial failure criteria and stress-strain response for plain concrete are studied under uniaxial and biaxial stress(compression-compression, compression-tension, and tension-tension combined stress). The concrete specimens of a square plate type are used for uniaxial and biaxial loading. The experimental data indicate that the strength of concrete under biaxial compression, f2/fl=-l/-1, is 17 percent larger than under uniaxial compression and the poisson's ratio of concrete is 0.1745. On the base of the results, a biaxial failure envelope for plain concrete that the uniaxial strength is 398kgf/$cm^{2}$ are developed. The biaxial failure behaviors for three biaxial loading areas are also plotted respectively. In addition, the characteristics of stress-strain response under biaxial compression are compared and verified with the experimental and analytical results.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.95-102
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• 2003

Corestone rock mass has complex characters because it is made up of stronger and stiffer corestone in a weaker and softer matrix. Physical model corestone rock mass made up of stiffer corestone in weaker matrix were tested in uniaxial compression and numercal modelling analysis The result of the uniaxial compression tests showed that increasing the corestone proportion generally increased the modulus of deformation. And the strength decreased in the lower corestone proportion, but it increased in the higher proportion(45%, 65% corestone by volume). The strength and the modulus of deformation were not affected by different size coretone on the same proportion. The result of the numerical modelling analysis showed similar trend compared with the result of the result of the uniaxial compression test. But though the result of th uniaxial compression test is similar to the result of the numerical modelling analysis, it's unreasonalble to apply the results of this paper to in situ corestone rock mass. So mere laboratory tests including triaxial test and the other numerical program analyses are necessary to apply the results to in situ corestone mass

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1133-1138
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• 2009

This study was conducted in order to know the internal application of the critical strain graph. To evaluate critical strain graph, we carried out an uniaxial compression test with some of internal rocks: sandstone, shale, weathered granite, and pink granitic. Based on the uniaxial compression test, we deduced relations among critical strain, failure strain, uniaxial compression strength and modulus of elasticity. As a result, the study has found out the rocks, which have been tested, can be possibly evaluated by critical strain graph.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2016

좁은 면적을 단기간에 개량시킬 수 있는 장점이 있는 그라우팅 공법은 지반의 특성과 지하수위 등에 따라 주입 효과의 차이가 있다. 특히 투수성이 큰 지반에서는 시간 경과에 따라서 용탈현상이 발생하여 강도저하 및 차수 성능이 저하되어 품질에 문제가 생길 수 있다. 최근 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 초기강도 확보 및 용탈 방지와 동시에 균열 자기치유 특성을 가지는 SSG가 개발되었다. 이 연구에서는 두 가지 양생조건에 대해 SSG의 일축압축강도 시험을 수행하여 양생기간에 따른 일축압축 강도를 파악하였다. 또한 SSG와 기존의 LW 및 SGR의 일축압축강도와 비교하였다. 연구 결과, SSG가 상온 양생 및 저온 양생 모두에서 강도가 크게 측정되었으며, 초기 강도도 상대적으로 매우 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.5-8
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical characteristics of plain and steel fiber high strength concrete under uniaxial and biaxial loading condition. A number of plain and steel fiber high strength concrete cubes having 28 days compressive strength of 82.7Mpa (12,000psi) were made and tested. Four principal compression stress ratios, and four fiber concentrations were selected as major test variables. From test results, it is shown that confinement stress in minor stress direction has pronounced effect on the strength and deformational behavior. Both of the stiffness and ultimate strength of the plain and fiber high strength concrete increased. The maximum increase of ultimate strength occurred at biaxial stress ratio of 0.5 in the plain high strength concrete and the value were recorded 30 percent over than the strength under uniaxial condition. The failure modes of plain high strength concrete under uniaxial compression were shown as splitting type of failure but steel fiber concrete specimens under biaxial condition showed shear type failure.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2019

The elastic modulus is an important parameter to characterize the property of rock. It is common knowledge that the strengths of rocks are significantly different under tension and compression. However, little attention has been paid to the bi-modularity of rock. To validate whether the rock elastic moduli in tension and compression are the same, Brazilian disc, direct tension and compression tests were conducted. A horizontal laser displacement meter and a pair of vertical and transverse strain gauges were applied. Four types of materials were tested, including three types of rock materials and one type of steel material. A comprehensive comparison of the elastic moduli based on different experimental results was presented, and a tension-compression anisotropy model was proposed to explain the experimental results. The results from this study indicate that the rock elastic modulus is different under tension and compression. The ratio of the rock elastic moduli under compression and tension ranges from 2 to 4. The rock tensile moduli from the strain data and displacement data are approximate. The elastic moduli from the Brazilian disc test are consistent with those from the uniaxial tension and compression tests. The Brazilian disc test is a convenient method for estimating the tensile and compressive moduli of rock materials.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2003

The material properties of rubber was determined by the experiments of uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, planer tension, equi-biaxial tension and volumetric compression. In compression test, it is difficult to obtain the pure state of compression stress and strain due to friction force between the specimen and compression platen. In this study, the stress and strain data from the equi-biaxial tension test were converted to compression stress and strain and compared to a pure state of simple compression data when friction was zero. The compression test device with the tapered platen was proposed to overcome the effect of friction. It was fumed out that the relationship of the stress and strain using the tapered platen was in close agreement with the pure compressive state.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.387-402
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• 2010

From typical stress-axial strain curve and stress-volume strain curve of a concrete under uniaxial compression, the initiation and localization of microcracks within the interior of the specimen can be identified. The occurrence of random microcrack indicates the end of the linear elasticity, and the localization of microcrack implies formation of major crack, which triggers the onset of unstable crack propagation. The interval between initiation and localization of microcracks is characterized by a stable microcrack growth. Based on fracture behavior observed from a uniaxial compressive test of a concrete cylinder, a model has been developed to extract fundamental fracture properties of a concrete, i.e. the equivalent fracture toughness and the size of fracture process zone. The introduction of cracking Poisson's ratio accounts for tensile failure characteristics of concrete even under uniaxal compression. To justify the validity of the model proposed, tests on three-point bending have been performed to obtain the fracture toughness in accordance with two parameter fracture model and double-K fracture model. Surprisingly, it yields favorably comparable results and provides an encouraging alternative approach to determine fracture properties for concretes.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.216-224
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 Class II 거동에 대해 입자결합모델을 이용하여 수치해석적인 방법으로 살펴보았으며, 횡방향 변형률 제어 압축시험을 수치해석적으로 모사할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 수치해석에서 사용된 미시변수는 스웨덴 Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory에서 수행한 일축압축시험을 이용하여 결정하였다. 제시된 수치해석 기법을 이용해 Aspo 암석의 Class II 거동을 효과적으로 모사할 수 있었으며, 수치해석의 결과는 실험실 시험 결과와 잘 일치하였다.