• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1132-1137
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• 2007

This paper describes a Unified Chassis Control (UCC) strategy to prevent vehicle rollover by integrating individual modular chassis control systems such as Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and Continuous Damping Control (CDC). The UCC threshold is determined from a rollover index computed by estimated roll angle, roll rate and measured lateral acceleration. A direct yaw moment control method is used to design the ESC based on a 2-D bicycle model. Similarly, the CDC is designed based on a 2-D roll model using a direct roll moment control method. The performance of the proposed UCC scheme is investigated and compared to that of modular chassis controllers through computer simulations using a validated vehicle simulator. It is shown that the proposed the UCC can lead to improvements in vehicle stability and efficient actuation of chassis control systems.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.159-173
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• 2019

Last-Mile delivery optimization plays a key role in the urban supply chain operation, which is the most expensive and time-consuming and most complicated part of the whole delivery process. The urban consolidation center (UCC) is regarded as a significant asset for supporting customer demand in the last-mile delivery service. It is the key benefit of UCC to improve the load balance of vehicles and to reduce the total traveling distance by finding the better route with the well-organized multi-leg vehicle journey in the urban area. This paper presents the model using multiple scenario analysis integrated with mathematical optimization techniques using Geographic Information System (GIS). The model aims to find the best solution for the distribution network consisted of DC and UCC, which is applied to the case of Ulaanbaatar Mongolia. The proposed methodology integrates two sub-models, location-allocation model and vehicle routing problem. The multiple scenarios devised by selecting locations of UCC are compared considering the general performance and delivery patterns together. It has been adopted to make better decisions the quantitative metrics such as the economic value of capital cost, operating cost, and balance of using available resources. The result of this research may help the manager or public authorities who should design the distribution network for the last mile delivery service optimization using UCC within the urban area.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.19
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• pp.169-190
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• 2003

Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA) for e-commerce in non-UCC and non-UETA transactions, promulgated in 1999. The Act Drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. UCITA applies to contracts to license or buy software, contracts to create computer programs, contracts for on-line access to databases and contracts to distribute information over the Internet. UCITA does not apply to goods such as television sets, stereo equipment, airplanes or traditional books and publications. Goods generally remain subject to UCC Article 2 or Article 2A. Many transactions may include more than computer information. If that transaction covers non-goods subject matter, UCITA applies only to the part of the transaction which is computer information and other law applies to the other subject matter. In the event the other subject matter is goods, UCC Article 2 or 2A applies to the goods subject matter and UCITA applies to the computer information part. UCITA is coordinated with existing Articles 2 and 2A, so coverage of each to part of the transaction will be facilitated. With respect to other subject matter (primarily services) UCC Articles 2 and 2A have worked in mixed transactions with the common law applicable to the services.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.452-459
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• 2007

The Internet is encountering a new turning point owing to the raising Web 2.0. A user Just receives the information and service provided by a service provider in the existing web 2.0, but a user can create a new service for himself using an application program and data provided in web 2.0. The digital content market is producing a new service according to Web 2.0. The specific service among them is User Created Contents(UCC) and it is leading to the participation and interesting of user SecondLife also which is the type as Social Network Service(SNS) and VR, is placing as a new service type. This paper defines Web 2.0 environment and classifies as UCC, SNS and Virtual Reality(VR) and defines a variety services shown in new environment. It also analyzes shortcomings and then prospect a new type of service which will be shown in the future.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.75
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• pp.29-48
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• 2017

This study describes the retention of title under UCC. UCC ${\S}$ 2-401 prescribes that any retention or reservation by the seller of the title (property) in goods shipped or delivered to the buyer is limited in effect to a reservation of a security interest. It means that the retention of title generates a security interest in the same way like a charge. To be effective, a security interest must be attached or perfected. Once attachment occurs, a security interest is enforceable against the buyer. Once a security interest is perfected, a security interest is enforceable against third parties. Under UCC, a simple retention of title clause is valid as long as it is incorporated into the contract of sale. If the seller acquires a perfected security interest, he as a secured party can enjoy a priority against other creditors. But if a security interest is not perfected but PMSI is afforded, the seller has a special priority. Secondly, under UCC ${\S}$ 9-335 and 9-336, if a security interest under an enlarged retention of title clause is perfected, the seller as the secured party has a valid security interest in the product or mass into which his goods have been mixed or commingled. But in terms of assession of goods, as the seller has a security interest only in his goods, if the seller wants to enlarge his security interest in the whole, a security agreement should cover its intention. Thirdly, under UCC ${\S}$ 9-315, a security interest in proceeds of subsale of goods supplied by the seller is a perfected security interest if the security interest in the original collateral was perfected. But if the proceeds are cash proceeds, it should be identifiable from other funds of the buyer.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

Systematic information protection education is necessary to evoke the importance of information protection to the students and to provide them with alternatives to cope with malicious attacks. However, there have been too little development of the methods of systematic education and teaching materials to allow an effective education of information protection in the classrooms today. In this paper, we developed principle-oriented visual learning materials using UCC (User Created Content) for an effective education of information protection and evaluated the effectiveness of our approach with independent sample t-test method after being used in two classes, a test group and a control group. In particular, using UCCs, which have become the most frequently used contents in the Internet, as visual material for the education of information protection, proved to be effective in promoting the interest of students in classes and highly useful in education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.4752-4759
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• 2010

Using Technology Acceptance Model and flow theory as our foundation, this paper investigates the interrelationships among social influence, individual cognition, flow, and actual usage in the Web 2.0 environment. According to TAM, users evaluate perceived usefulness(PU) and ease of use(PEU) of information technology(IT) in accepting the innovative IT. Along with users' cognitive evaluation(i.e. PU and PEU), in case of UCC(user-created-contents), which is one of the representative Web 2.0 features, flow also has a significant effect on users' usage. Accordingly, the current study involve cognitive elements such as PU and PEU as well as flow of enjoyable state during using IT in exploring antecedents leading to UCC usage. On one hand, we consider the effect of social influence on users' cognition and flow toward actual usage because the more users creates Web contents, the more long-tail situation prevails on the Internet. Web 2.0 becomes a kind of social phenomena. The empirical results show that social influence affects positively both PU/PEU and flow. Users' cognitive evaluation and flow have positive impacts on users' UCC usage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.325-326
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• 2010

Web2.0 서비스가 늘어나면서, 집단의 지혜를 바탕으로 한 개인화 서비스에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 유튜브(youtube) 등 에서 태그를 공유함으로써 유용한 정보에 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 하고 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 사용자가 생산한 학습콘텐츠를 바탕으로 개인화 서비스를 위한 추천시스템에 관한 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 이를 위해 교육용 UCC 사이트에서 정보추천을 위해 제공하는 속성들을 바탕으로 Tag와 Rating을 이용한 UCC분류기반 추천시스템을 제안하고, 이를 위한 메타데이터와 추천시스템을 설계하고자 한다.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 UCC 동영상을 활용한 수업이 미국문화 이해도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 이를 위해 7차 영어과 교육과정 목표를 참고하여 5학년 학생들 발달 단계에 맞는 미국문화 내용을 선정하고, 알맞은 UCC 동영상을 선별하여 UCC활용형 지식체험교수학습 모형을 개발하였다. 개발된 교수 학습과정안을 적용하여 초등학교 5학년을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누어 13차시 수업을 실시하였다. 실험 결과 UCC동영상을 활용하여 수업한 실험집단 평균 M=25.15(SD=3.02), 통제집단평균 M=24.09(SD=3.84)로서 실험집단이 통제집단보다 평균에서 더 높은 결과를 나타내었고, 이는 t=2.458(p=.017)로 p<.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 UCC 동영상을 활용한 미국문화 교육이 기존의 수업 방법보다 초등학생들의 미국문화 이해도 향상에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.141-170
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• 2010

User created content (UCC) is created and shared by common users on line. From the user's perspective, the increase of UCCs has led to an expansion of alternative means of communications, while from the business perspective UCCs have formed an environment in which an abundant amount of new contents can be produced. Despite outward quantitative growth, however, many aspects of UCCs do not meet the expectations of general users in terms of quality, and this can be observed through pirated contents and user-copied contents. The purpose of this research is to investigate effective methods for fostering production of creative user-generated content. This study proposes two core elements, namely, reward and motivation, which are believed to enhance content creativity as well as the mediating factor and users' committement, which will be effective for bridging the increasing motivation and content creativity. Based on this perspective, this research takes an in-depth look at issues related to constructing the dimensions of reward and motivation in UCC services for creative content product, which are identified in three phases. First, three dimensions of rewards have been proposed: task dimension, social dimension, and organizational dimention. The task dimension rewards are related to the inherent characteristics of a task such as writing blog articles and pasting photos. Four concrete ways of providing task-related rewards in UCC environments are suggested in this study, which include skill variety, task significance, task identity, and autonomy. The social dimensioni rewards are related to the connected relationships among users. The organizational dimension consists of monetary payoff and recognition from others. Second, the two types of motivations are suggested to be affected by the diverse rewards schemes: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation occurs when people create new UCC contents for its' own sake, whereas extrinsic motivation occurs when people create new contents for other purposes such as fame and money. Third, commitments are suggested to work as important mediating variables between motivation and content creativity. We believe commitments are especially important in online environments because they have been found to exert stronger impacts on the Internet users than other relevant factors do. Two types of commitments are suggested in this study: emotional commitment and continuity commitment. Finally, content creativity is proposed as the final dependent variable in this study. We provide a systematic method to measure the creativity of UCC content based on the prior studies in creativity measurement. The method includes expert evaluation of blog pages posted by the Internet users. In order to test the theoretical model of our study, 133 active blog users were recruited to participate in a group discussion as well as a survey. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their commitment, motivation and rewards of creating UCC contents. At the same time, their creativity was measured by independent experts using Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Finally, two independent users visited the study participants' blog pages and evaluated their content creativity using the Creative Products Semantic Scale. All the data were compiled and analyzed through structural equation modeling. We first conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to validate the measurement model of our research. It was found that measures used in our study satisfied the requirement of reliability, convergent validity as well as discriminant validity. Given the fact that our measurement model is valid and reliable, we proceeded to conduct a structural model analysis. The results indicated that all the variables in our model had higher than necessary explanatory powers in terms of R-square values. The study results identified several important reward shemes. First of all, skill variety, task importance, task identity, and automony were all found to have significant influences on the intrinsic motivation of creating UCC contents. Also, the relationship with other users was found to have strong influences upon both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Finally, the opportunity to get recognition for their UCC work was found to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation of UCC users. However, different from our expectation, monetary compensation was found not to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation. It was also found that commitment was an important mediating factor in UCC environment between motivation and content creativity. A more fully mediating model was found to have the highest explanation power compared to no-mediation or partially mediated models. This paper ends with implications of the study results. First, from the theoretical perspective this study proposes and empirically validates the commitment as an important mediating factor between motivation and content creativity. This result reflects the characteristics of online environment in which the UCC creation activities occur voluntarily. Second, from the practical perspective this study proposes several concrete reward factors that are germane to the UCC environment, and their effectiveness to the content creativity is estimated. In addition to the quantitive results of relative importance of the reward factrs, this study also proposes concrete ways to provide the rewards in the UCC environment based on the FGI data that are collected after our participants finish asnwering survey questions. Finally, from the methodological perspective, this study suggests and implements a way to measure the UCC content creativity independently from the content generators' creativity, which can be used later by future research on UCC creativity. In sum, this study proposes and validates important reward features and their relations to the motivation, commitment, and the content creativity in UCC environment, which is believed to be one of the most important factors for the success of UCC and Web 2.0. As such, this study can provide significant theoretical as well as practical bases for fostering creativity in UCC contents.