• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2010

Purpose: The purposes of this study were: (a) to assess indoor air quality such as $PM_{10}$, $CO_2$ concentrations in child daycare centers, (b) to compare the levels with each standard, and (c) to identify teachers' awareness of indoor air quality in child care centers. Methods: Data were obtained from seventeen child daycare centers and ninety-eight teachers in a district of Seoul, from April 3 to May 12, 2009. Collected data were analyzed by SAS 8.2, and descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, student t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Spearman rank correlation were used. Results: The mean of $PM_{10}$ and $CO_2$ level were $50.3{\mu}g/m^3$ and 792.1ppm. Sixteen child daycare centers (94.2%) met the guidelines of the $PM_{10}$ level, so did thirteen child daycare centers (76.5%) in the $CO_2$ level. $CO_2$ levels were significantly low in child daycare centers using air cleaners than those do not using them (t=-6.03, p<.001). Types of child daycare centers were significantly correlated to the levels of $CO_2$, which public child daycare centers were low in $CO_2$ levels than those of private child daycare centers (t=-2.54, p=.013). There was no significant correlation between teachers' awareness and management attitude of indoor air quality while teachers' awareness of indoor air quality significantly raised the frequency of carpet cleaning. Methods of cleaning routines were significantly correlated with $PM_{10}$, and $CO_2$ levels. Conclusion: The $PM_{10}$ and $CO_2$ concentrations in child daycare centers were satisfactory. Those conditions are affected by general characteristics of child daycare centers and teachers' attitude regarding management of indoor air quality.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.846-860
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• 2009

We investigated the foodservice management practices in various operation types of childcare centers in Asan, Chungnam Province, with the intention of improving the quality of foodservice and providing the basic information for establishing more effective and efficient foodservice model system. Self-completed questionnaires were collected from the directors of 174 child care centers. The statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Ver. 12.0 program. The followings are about the results of this study. Approximately 94.8% of the directors were women with the average age of 40.3. All of the investigated facilities executed foodservice; the facilities of 96.2% had been self-operated, 1.9% was contract-managed and the remaining 1.9% served delivered meal from outside. Only 20.0% of the investigated centers employed a dietitian. In most of the centers, meals were prepared in a conventional manner and approximately 85.3% of the centers are serving only snacks twice a day as a supplementary due to financial difficulties. Menu planner of the facilities, which have no dietitian was the director (35.8%) or the cook (25.7%). In most centers, the directors purchased the food materials (67.5%). Material inspection was done by the director (54.9%) or the cook (40.5%). However, home care centers did not inspect the food material. These results indicate that food service management guidelines need to be established by the facility type with the government control and financial support. Especially, dietitian employment and the efficient foodservice model system establishment are questions that confront us.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.103-124
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and analyze how toddlers' characteristics and child care center's environments including facilities and care-givers' characteristics affect toddlers' behavior in child care center using observational methods. Total 40 toddlers in same numbers of boys and girls participated in this study. Average age of tollers were the 31.7 months ranging from 27 months to 35 months. The toddlers were observed with the observation schedule modified from observation categories of Holloway and Reichhart-Erickson(1988). Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation, t-test, one away ANOVA, Duncan Test and stepwise regression using the SPSSWIN Version. The results of the study were as follow: First, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the toddlers' characteristics. Second, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the characteristics of the child care facilities such as the types of facilities, the class size and the caregiver-toddler ratio. Third, the toddler' behaviors were related to caregivers' variables such as the total care experience in centers, the experience with toddler care, the martial status, the certificate types except the child rearing experience and the educational level. Fourth, the toddlers' characteristics were more significantly related to the behavior of them than those of child care centers' environment.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.806-819
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• 2010

We investigated the foodservice sanitation status of the childcare centers in Chungnam Asan area to provide the information for sanitation guidelines and checklist in various operation types of childcare centers. Self-completed questionnaires were collected from the directors of 95 centers: national-public 9 (9.5%), corporation 10 (10.5%), private 52 (54.7%), and home care 24 (25.3%) types. The analyzed results are shown in foundation type; the investigated items are about critical hygienic problems and safety recognition level, presence of sanitation guideline, demand of dietian's employment and the role, hygienic management and education level, and the present and future of sanitary facility and equipment. From this study we found that home care center, which had low capacity, was comparatively poor at sanitation status, the use of hygienic standard and guideline, and safety recognition level. In our opinion, the use and application of same sanitation standard to any type and size of center is not appropriate and rational. The reestablishment of the sanitation guideline and checklist considering the conditions of various operation types would be necessary. Also periodic hygienic education by hygenic professionals, continuous parents' attention and cooperation of related government organizations are needed for improvement of foodservice sanitation status of childcare centers.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.897-915
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions and characteristics of weekly and daily child care programs for infants, to provide a basis for the improvement of infant care quality. Weekly and daily curricula of 18 classes for one and two-year-olds classes (9 for each ages) from childcare centers in D city were collected from Nov. 2009 to February 2010. The results are as following: first, classes for one-year-olds plan 6-25 activities and classes for two-year-olds plan 12-30 activities weekly, with differences in the number of weekly activities according to the childcare centers. The number of weekly activities should be planned considering infants' interest as well as educational continuity of the activities. Second, the investigation of daily activities showed that the routine activities planned for one-year-olds were for total of 310-600 minutes and for two-year-olds 310-540 minutes. Among these, on average of 66% of the time was planned for everyday life such as eating and napping. The rest of time was dedicated to indoor and outdoor free play. However a few centers allocated more time for group activities according to subjects compared to free play. A curriculum composed of group activities ignoring infants' individual developmental differences should not be encouraged. Last, the results of cluster analyses on weekly and daily curricula in terms of the number of activities and time, duration, number of group activities and time showed that curricula for infants could be characterized into two types: "free play" and "group activity" curricula.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.83-91
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics between the type of daily routine and spatial configuration of activity areas in classroom and provide alternatives for space planning of activity areas in classroom of child-care centers. This study used the content analysis on daily activity plan and floor plans through field survey. Analysis on floor plans was conducted for 35 classrooms in 9 child-care centers which allowed field survey. The results of this study were as follows; There was no significant difference for classroom size according to the type of daily routine in 3 to 5-year-old classrooms. The average size of classrooms was $61.6m^2$ for care oriented type, $41.4m^2$ for indoor activity oriented type and $48.8m^2$ for group activity oriented type. There was no significant difference in composition of activity areas in classrooms according to the type of daily routine. In case of 0 to 2-year-old classrooms, they were composed of 6 activity areas including gross-motor, role play, block building, language, creative expression, exploration/manipulation. Activity area of the most low frequency was gross-motor area. In case of 3 to 5-year-old classrooms, most classrooms were composed of all the 7 activity areas including art, tone and rhythmic, block building, role play, language, math and science. Most accessible and central areas in 0 to 2-year-old classrooms were gross-motor and role play. Also, most separate areas were exploration/manipulation and block building. Most accessible and central areas in 3 to 5-year-old classroom were art and math. Also, most separate areas were tone and rhythmic and science.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.169-183
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• 2017

Objective: The present study examined how childcare teachers at home daycare centers perceive their rights as teachers and what kind of rights situations pertain to them at their respective daycare centers. Methods: Adopting a qualitative research method approach, this study conducted focus group interviews to collect empirical data. The participants were childcare teachers and directors at home daycare centers, which were shown to have relatively poor work environments compared to other types of daycare centers Results: The findings revealed that the participants at home daycare centers perceived their rights as childcare teachers to be extremely vulnerable. It was shown that their rights could not be protected in various frameworks involving mutual relations between teachers and directors, the Infant Care Act and childcare policy, and social perceptions that fail to recognize them as professionals. Conclusion: The fingdings from the present study contribute to our understanding of the rights situation faced by childcare teachers at home daycare centers and to the social discourse on finding ways to realize the teachers' full rights as childcare professionals.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.103-116
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to explore leacher and peer relationships and child development in two types of early childhood program; halfway kindergarten and full-day childcare. The subjects were 90 four and half year old children and their teachers enrolled in 10 kindergartens and 20 childcare centers in Seoul. Each teacher evaluated her children with six scales developed by NICHD Early Child Care Research Network(1996); child-leacher relationship, peer relationship, social competence, adaptive language, behavior characteristics, and behavior problems. The data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows: First, the girls in both programs had closer relationship with their teachers than the boys. The boys in the daycare were less dependent than those of kinder; on the other hand, the girls in the daycare were more dependent than those of kinder. Second, there was no significant difference in peer relationship between the children in both centers. Third, the girls of both centers scored higher than the boys in social competence. Fourth, in the child's adaptive language, both boys and girls were well developed, but girls were higher than boys, especially in kinder Fifth, the children in both centers behaved attentively in the groups, but in particular, the girths were more attentive. Finally, most of children were received low scores in the behavior problem scale.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analyze layout characteristics of community facilities for children in apartment housing, to survey parents, who can understand their children best, in regard to the features of using community facilities for children and their satisfaction level, and eventually to provide basic materials for planning future community facilities for children. For this research, seven apartment housing with over 500 households in Dongtan New City were selected as trial apartment housing. The findings of this research are as follows. First, the findings of the survey of the community facilities for children in the apartment housing showed that the facilities could be categorized into playgrounds, playrooms, libraries, and kindergartens/child care centers. Second, according to the survey, the layout types of community facilities for children showed to have various types such as a central type, a concentration type, a balanced distribution type, a near-entrance type, and a combination type. As for their elevation types, they showed to have a stand-alone type, an aboveground type, and an underground type. Third, As a result of the survey on the usage of the community facilities for children by category, most respondents indicated they were using playgrounds and libraries. On the contrary, the users of indoor playrooms and kindergartens/child care centers were concentrated among infants and kindergarteners, and thus the use rate appeared to be low. Fourth, the satisfaction levels of using community facilities for children appeared to be high in general. Particularly, the satisfaction level for kindergarten/child care centers appeared to be higher than those of other facilities. On the contrary, the satisfaction level of libraries appeared to be low.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.492-495
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• 2019

This study identifies the needs for child care according to population change and movement by region, and analyzes the association with the recruitment rate by type of daycare center to find out the preference of child care facilities by type.