• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1986-1995
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• 2018

In this paper, a novel neutral-point voltage balancing scheme for NPC three-level inverters using carrier-based sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) method is developed. The new modulation approach, based on the obtained expressions of zero sequence voltage in all six sectors, can significantly suppress the low-frequency voltage oscillation in the neutral point at high modulation index and achieve a fast voltage-balancing dynamic performance. The implementation of the proposed method is very simple. Another attractive feature is that the scheme can stably control any voltage difference between the two dc-link capacitors within a certain range without using any extra hardware. Furthermore, the presented scheme is also applicable to the single-phase NPC three-level inverter. It can maintain the neutral-point voltage balance at full modulation index and improve the voltage-balancing dynamic performance of the single-phase NPC three-level inverter. The performance of the proposed strategy and its benefits over other previous techniques are verified experimentally.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.741-751
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• 2000

To achieve high performance by exploiting instruction level parallelism aggressively in superscalar processors, it is necessary to overcome the limitation imposed by control dependences and data dependences which prevent instructions from executing parallel. Value prediction is a technique that breaks data dependences by predicting the outcome of an instruction and executes speculatively its data dependent instruction based on the predicted outcome. In this paper, a hybrid value prediction scheme with dynamic classification mechanism is proposed. We design a hybrid predictor by combining the last predictor, a stride predictor and a two-level predictor. The choice of a predictor for each instruction is determined by a dynamic classification mechanism. This makes each predictor utilized more efficiently than the hybrid predictor without dynamic classification mechanism. To show performance improvements of our scheme, we simulate the SPECint95 benchmark set by using execution-driven simulator. The results show that our scheme effect reduce of 45% hardware cost and 16% prediction accuracy improvements comparing with the conventional hybrid prediction scheme and two-level value prediction scheme.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.168-175
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• 1990

Pasquill stability class (PSC) was evaluated with Monin-Obukhov length (L) using the data observed at a height of 213m meteorological tower in Tsukuba, Japan. PSC was determined with wind speed and insolation (net radiation at night), and L was calculated with the heat flux and the friction velocity obtained at 25m by the eddy correlation method. To evaluate PSC with L, for every class of Pasquill stability (from A to F class), percentiles and median of L were used. Results show that for every class of Pasquill stability, L varies so widely that PSC does not adequately represent the atmospheric stability conditions. The scheme which estimates L using air temperature at two levels and wind speed at single level was developed. Comparison between estimated L by the scheme and observed L reveals that the scheme is better than PSC. Furthermore, the scheme is more advantageous than PSC because it uses air temperature at two levels instead of insolation which is more difficult to observe in the field than air temperature.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.87-94
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• 2004

A number of approximate techniques have been developed to calculate the eigenvalues in a reduced manner. These schemes approximate the lower eigenvalues that represent the global behavior of the structures. In general, sequential elimination has been widely used with reliability. But it takes excessively large amount of time to construct a reduced system. The present study proposes two-level condensation scheme(TLCS). In the first step, the candidate elements are selected by element-level energy estimation. In the second step, master degrees of freedom are selected by sequential elimination from the candidate degrees of freedom linked to the selected elements in the first step. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method saves computational cost effectively and provides a reduced system which predicts the accurate eigenvalues of global system.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.480-489
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• 2016

A novel hybrid carrier-based pulse width modulation (CBPWM) scheme that combines unipolar and dipolar modulations is proposed for single-phase three-level rectifiers, which are widely applied in railway traction drive systems. The proposed CBPWM method can satisfy the volt-second balancing principle in the complete modulation index region through overmodulation compensation. The modulation scheme features two modulation modes: unipolar and dipolar. The operation range limits of these modulation modes can be modified by changing the separation coefficient. In comparison with the traditional unipolar CBPWM, the proposed hybrid CBPWM scheme can provide advantageous features, such as lower high-order harmonic distortion of the line current and better utilization of switching frequency. The separation coefficient value is optimized to achieve the maximum utilization of these advantages. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid CBPWM scheme.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.2597-2615
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• 2013

This paper proposes a dynamic downlink load control scheme that jointly employs dynamic load threshold management and virtual coverage management schemes to reduce the degree of performance degradation due to traffic overload in two-tier femtocell networks. With the proposed scheme, the downlink load in a serving macrocell is controlled with a load threshold which is adjusted dynamically depending on the varying downlink load conditions of neighboring macrocells. In addition, traffic overloading is alleviated by virtually adjusting the coverage of the overloaded serving macrocell, based on the adjusted load threshold of the serving macrocell. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the performance of two-tier femtocell networks in terms of the outage probability and sum throughput. This improvement is significantly increased with appropriate values of load thresholds and with an intermediate-level adjustment of the virtual coverage area (i.e., handover hysteresis margin: HOM). Furthermore, the proposed scheme outperforms both a previously proposed load control scheme with a static load threshold and the LTE system without a HOM adjustment.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2008

The online collection of coarse-grained traffic information, such as the total number of flows, is gaining in importance due to a wide range of applications, such as congestion control and network security. In this paper, we focus on an active queue management scheme called SRED since it estimates the number of active flows and uses the quantity to indicate the level of congestion. However, SRED has several limitations, such as instability in estimating the number of active flows and underestimation of active flows in the presence of non-responsive traffic. We present a Markov model to examine the capability of SRED in estimating the number of flows. We show how the SRED cache hit rate can be used to quantify the number of active flows. We then propose a modified SRED scheme, called hash-based two-level caching (HaTCh), which uses hashing and a two-level caching mechanism to accurately estimate the number of active flows under various workloads. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme provides a more accurate estimation of the number of active flows than SRED, stabilizes the estimation with respect to workload fluctuations, and prevents performance degradation by efficiently isolating non-responsive flows.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

Despite the remarkable continual growth of the world cruise industry, studies have yet to be attempted on many revenue management problems in cruise operations. This paper suggests two schemes that can be easily applied to cruise revenue management: optimal dual pricing and passenger safety level. In optimal dual pricing, a pair of higher and lower prices is applied to cabin reservation through market segmentation. This scheme can be executed with a linear price-response function for the current unreserved cabins. A cruise line could benefit from this scheme to maximize reservation revenue while attaining full occupancy. The dual pricing scheme is also devised to produce only integer demands to suit real management practices. The life boat capacity is an additional service capacity unique to the cruise industry, catering to passengers' safety. The concept of passenger safety level is defined and computed for any passenger life boat capacity of a cruise ship. It can be used to evaluate the passenger safety of a cruise ship in operation, as well as to determine the number of life boat seats required for a new cruise ship. Hypothetical examples are used to illustrate the operation of these two schemes.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.151-154
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• 2001

In this paper, a two-level switching algorithm of the deadbeat to control PWM inverter is proposed. A modified algorithm of the deadbeat is suitable for the UPS system. Two levels in the pulse pattern are used. This scheme allows the use of higher switching frequency for a given computation time delay, which results in lower total harmonic distortion at the output. The proposed control scheme is implemented using TMS320F240 DSP chip for controlling on inverter.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2001

In this paper, a two-level switching algorithm ov the deadbeat to control PWM inverter is proposed. A modified algorithm of the deadbeat is suitable for the UPS system. Two levels in the pulse pattern are used. This scheme allows the use of higher switching frequency for a given computation time delay, which results in lower total harmonic distortion at the output. The proposed control scheme is implemented using TMS320F240 DSP for controlling on inverter.