• Title/Summary/Keyword: Two colors

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A Study on the Characteristics of the Color Perception of Chinese People : Focused on a Comparison of the Characteristics of Color Perception among Korean, Chinese and Japanese People (중국인의 색지각 특성에 관한 연구 -한국, 중국과 일본 3국인의 색지각 특성비교를 중심으로-)

  • Jo, Young-Mi;Sung, Ji-Eun;An, Ok-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is investigate the characteristics of color perception among Chinese people, and compare the characteristics among Korean, Chinese and Japanese people, using Munsell color space. The results are as follows: 1) Chinese people were more likely to tell accurately red, yellow red, yellow, purple, and an achromatic color, but did not do accurately green yellow, blue, and purple blue. In terms of a comparison of average perceived color and standard color, there were significant differences among green yellow, blue green, and blue and standard color; 2) Color perceptions of Korean, Chinese and Japanese people were broadly classified into four types. Also, of ten chromatic colors, the color perception type of only two colors, red and yellow, were is same among the groups of the three countries. However, the color perception type of yellow red, green, blue green and blue were different among them; and 3) In terms of a color perception accuracy test among the groups of the three countries, there were not significant differences between yellow and purple and standard color. However, significant differences existed between the rest of the colors and standard color.

A study on the origin and the images of violet (보라색의 유래 및 이미지의 고찰)

  • 김은경;김영인
    • Archives of design research
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    • no.16
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to provide and suggest useful data in use of kinds of violet that is resulted from general color images of violet. The origin, history, and general images of kinds of violet were studied, and were classified vased on documcntary reviews. Findings are as follows: 1) The kinds of violet were used purple, violet, mauva, and magenta in the order of appearance of its color names and the categories of violet had been extended from dark reddish violet to affilicated colors of bright violet by development in synthetie dyestuff. 2) The kinds of violet has neutral characters due to the combination of two extreme colors, red and blue, and thereby revealing voth attreibutes in terms of symbolic, emotional, and spychological features of colors. The positive images in kinds of violet can be classified as nobleness, holiness, mysteriousness, sleep/sedation, sensuality, femininity, fragrance, and the negatibely classified images are weakness, sadness, maelancholiness, death(for example, the mourner's gard in royal families), symbols of moral corruption, and superstition.

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Image Retrieval using Distribution Block Signature of Main Colors' Set and Performance Boosting via Relevance feedback (주요 색상의 분포 블록기호를 이용한 영상검색과 유사도 피드백을 통한 이미지 검색)

  • 박한수;유헌우;장동식
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.126-136
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    • 2004
  • This paper proposes a new content-based image retrieval algorithm using color-spatial information. For the purpose, the paper suggests two kinds of indexing key to prune away irrelevant images to a given query image; MCS(Main Colors' Set), which is related with color information and DBS (Distribution Block Signature), which is related with spatial information. After successively applying these filters to a database, we could get a small amount of high potential candidates that are somewhat similar to the query image. Then we would make use of new QM(Quad modeling) and relevance feedback mechanism to obtain more accurate retrieval. It would enhance the retrieval effectiveness by dynamically modulating the weights of color-spatial information. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can apply successfully image retrieval applications.

Study on the Growth Characteristics, Seasonal Anthesis Distribution and Botanical Composition of Autumn Sown Wildflower Pastures (추파 야생화초지의 생육특성, 계절개화분포 및 식생변화에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, In-Duk;Lee, Hyung-Suk;Lee, Byong-Chul
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.217-226
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to suggest the growth characteristics, seasonal distribution and botanical composition of wildflower pastures. The experimental wildflowers were 34 species (1 turfgrass species, 4 native wildflower species and 29 introduced wildflower species). The experiment was administered in the Chungnam National University experimental field from October, 2007 to December, 2009 and the result is as follows: The length of the wildflowers was within the range of 7-52 cm and they bloomed into six to ten colors but the species of blooming wildflowers and flower colors and blooming periods were simplified during from August to November. Their tendencies were obviously observed two years later (2009) but among them especially the colors, seasonal anthesis distribution and continuation of wildflower became a problem. The botanical composition of wildflowers, turfgrass, and weeds came to 20%, 67%, and 13% each one year later (2008) and two years later (2009) 16%, 72%, and 12% each. Being grounded upon this result, in case of wildflower pastures of autumn seeding, it is more important to maintain the color, seasonal distribution, and permanence of wildflowers occurring due to annual wildflower reduction after wintering in two years, let alone in the establishment year.

A Two-Stage Learning Method of CNN and K-means RGB Cluster for Sentiment Classification of Images (이미지 감성분류를 위한 CNN과 K-means RGB Cluster 이-단계 학습 방안)

  • Kim, Jeongtae;Park, Eunbi;Han, Kiwoong;Lee, Junghyun;Lee, Hong Joo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.139-156
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    • 2021
  • The biggest reason for using a deep learning model in image classification is that it is possible to consider the relationship between each region by extracting each region's features from the overall information of the image. However, the CNN model may not be suitable for emotional image data without the image's regional features. To solve the difficulty of classifying emotion images, many researchers each year propose a CNN-based architecture suitable for emotion images. Studies on the relationship between color and human emotion were also conducted, and results were derived that different emotions are induced according to color. In studies using deep learning, there have been studies that apply color information to image subtraction classification. The case where the image's color information is additionally used than the case where the classification model is trained with only the image improves the accuracy of classifying image emotions. This study proposes two ways to increase the accuracy by incorporating the result value after the model classifies an image's emotion. Both methods improve accuracy by modifying the result value based on statistics using the color of the picture. When performing the test by finding the two-color combinations most distributed for all training data, the two-color combinations most distributed for each test data image were found. The result values were corrected according to the color combination distribution. This method weights the result value obtained after the model classifies an image's emotion by creating an expression based on the log function and the exponential function. Emotion6, classified into six emotions, and Artphoto classified into eight categories were used for the image data. Densenet169, Mnasnet, Resnet101, Resnet152, and Vgg19 architectures were used for the CNN model, and the performance evaluation was compared before and after applying the two-stage learning to the CNN model. Inspired by color psychology, which deals with the relationship between colors and emotions, when creating a model that classifies an image's sentiment, we studied how to improve accuracy by modifying the result values based on color. Sixteen colors were used: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, purple, turquoise, pink, magenta, brown, gray, silver, gold, white, and black. It has meaning. Using Scikit-learn's Clustering, the seven colors that are primarily distributed in the image are checked. Then, the RGB coordinate values of the colors from the image are compared with the RGB coordinate values of the 16 colors presented in the above data. That is, it was converted to the closest color. Suppose three or more color combinations are selected. In that case, too many color combinations occur, resulting in a problem in which the distribution is scattered, so a situation fewer influences the result value. Therefore, to solve this problem, two-color combinations were found and weighted to the model. Before training, the most distributed color combinations were found for all training data images. The distribution of color combinations for each class was stored in a Python dictionary format to be used during testing. During the test, the two-color combinations that are most distributed for each test data image are found. After that, we checked how the color combinations were distributed in the training data and corrected the result. We devised several equations to weight the result value from the model based on the extracted color as described above. The data set was randomly divided by 80:20, and the model was verified using 20% of the data as a test set. After splitting the remaining 80% of the data into five divisions to perform 5-fold cross-validation, the model was trained five times using different verification datasets. Finally, the performance was checked using the test dataset that was previously separated. Adam was used as the activation function, and the learning rate was set to 0.01. The training was performed as much as 20 epochs, and if the validation loss value did not decrease during five epochs of learning, the experiment was stopped. Early tapping was set to load the model with the best validation loss value. The classification accuracy was better when the extracted information using color properties was used together than the case using only the CNN architecture.

Color Image Retrieval Using Block-based Classification (블록단위 특성분류를 이용한 컬러영상 검색)

  • 류명분;우석훈;박동권;원치선
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 1996.06a
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    • pp.63-66
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, we propose a new content-based color image retrieval algorithm. The algorithm makes use of two features; colors as global features and block classification results as local features. More specifically, we obtain R, G, B color histograms and classify nonoverlapping small image blocks into texture, monotone, and various edges, then using these histograms and classification results were make a similarity measure. Experimental results show that retrieval rate of the proposed algorithm is higher than the previous method.

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RI PHOTOMETRY OF 32 CYGNI

  • Jeong, Jang-Hae;Kim, Yong-Gi;Nha, Il-Seong
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 1992
  • Surface activity of the late-type supergiant component of $\zeta$ Aurtype eclipsing binary 32 Cyg has been searched in R and I passbands for 53 nights in the 1991 season. Atmospheric extinctions in these wavelength regions are made and a linear relation between the two coefficients has been found. All the data are standardized and determined the magnitudes and colors of 32 Cyg. R, I and color curves of 32 Cyg at the outside eclipse phase are presented.

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A Study on the Textile Design by Computer Graphics (컴퓨터 그래픽에 의한 텍 스타일 디자인 연구(II)

  • 남후선
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 1991
  • Computer Graphic design was developed for printed media and its way of expression has been progressed di\ulcornerversely. Especially, the practices of computer graphic are used in textile design enterprise. The use of computer graphics in courses of textile design was produced by various si$$\mu$ations of colors, size and shape in patterns. Then the completed textile was presented as photograph. This paper describes patterns of two dimensions, cloths of three dimensions in use of softwares-TIPS, LUMENCE, FREE STYLE andTOPAS. As mentioned above, we can design fashion with easy by using computer graphics.

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Environmental Dependence of Galactic conformity in the Virgo Cluster

  • Lee, Hye-Ran;Lee, Joon Hyeop;Jeong, Hyunjin;Park, Byeong-Gon
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.77.3-78
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    • 2015
  • It is known that the galaxy evolution by direct interaction between galaxies is most active in a galaxy group. As a result, the satellite galaxies are closely related to their central galaxy in properties such as morphology, color and star formation rate (so-called 'galactic conformity'). However, it is not clear yet whether such conformity between galaxies is found in a galaxy cluster. Recently, Lee et al. (2014) have found a measurable correlation between the colors of bright galaxies and the mean colors of their faint companions in a cluster WHL J085910.0+294957 at z = 0.3, using the photometrically-selected cluster members. They suggest that such correlation may be the vestige of infallen groups in the cluster as one possibility. In order to confirm the small-scale conformity in galaxy clusters with higher reliability, we study the Virgo cluster using the Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog (EVCC). The cluster members are selected spectroscopically unlike in WHL J085910.0+294957. We examine the galactic conformity in two distinct areas of the Virgo cluster: the inner X-ray emission region and its outer region. We find a marginal conformity in color (> $2{\sigma}$ significance to bootstrap uncertainty) in the outer region, while no meaningful signal of small-scale conformity is detected in the X-ray emission region. We discuss the implication of this result, focusing on cluster mass assembly and cluster environmental effects on galaxy evolution.

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Extraction of an Effective Saliency Map for Stereoscopic Images using Texture Information and Color Contrast (색상 대비와 텍스처 정보를 이용한 효과적인 스테레오 영상 중요도 맵 추출)

  • Kim, Seong-Hyun;Kang, Hang-Bong
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.18 no.9
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    • pp.1008-1018
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, we propose a method that constructs a saliency map in which important regions are accurately specified and the colors of the regions are less influenced by the similar surrounding colors. Our method utilizes LBP(Local Binary Pattern) histogram information to compare and analyze texture information of surrounding regions in order to reduce the effect of color information. We extract the saliency of stereoscopic images by integrating a 2D saliency map with depth information of stereoscopic images. We then measure the distance between two different sizes of the LBP histograms that are generated from pixels. The distance we measure is texture difference between the surrounding regions. We then assign a saliency value according to the distance in LBP histogram. To evaluate our experimental results, we measure the F-measure compared to ground-truth by thresholding a saliency map at 0.8. The average F-Measure is 0.65 and our experimental results show improved performance in comparison with existing other saliency map extraction methods.