• 패션비즈니스
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.88-107
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• 2012

Hybrid implies that elements in more than two are combined, and is what is merged and used complexly the technologies and materials in several fields according to the development in scientific technology and the progress in technology. In the formative and artistic aspect, the hybrid can be said to be phenomenon that two of mutually different genres are combined. The function and form in each genre, which were combined at this time, are remained wholly or partially, thereby revealing as well without hiding a fact of having been combined. In the digital communication era, the same time level was integrated into one culture, with destroying the temporal·spatial boundary. As for the objectives of this study, first, the aim is to suggest a model for researching into make-up by grasping the developmental process and the characteristics of hybrid art through considering an art theory of hybrid, which was shown in make-up. Second, the aim is to design make-up by analyzing trend by make-up style after applying the genre deconstruction in hybrid. The modern make-up design through genre-deconstruction characteristics beyond diverse plurality and genre could be known to be highlighted as aesthetic characteristic by a slight attempt as communication of open space, which connects culture and genre, which had failed to be recognized and was neglected. Through the results of this study, it could be known that there is infinite possibility in developing make-up design in line with modern sensation through aesthetic element and symbolic significance through genre deconstruction. Based on these findings, its significance can be said to be in substantially contributing to offering new sight to the design & formative characteristic and the expression mode in future make-up, to providing basic data, and to strengthening competitive edge of culture and art.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.193-204
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• 1982

This study attempts to clarify the relationship between mother;s child-rearing practices and children's critical thinking abilities. More specifically this study wants to answer the questions: (a) Is there any relationship between mother's child-rearing practices and children's critical thinking abilities? (b) What dimensions of child-rearing practices are more important for children's critical thinking abilities? (c) Does the developmental process of children's critical thinking abilities show any difference according to the mother's child-rearing practices? This study is based on the conceptual model of child-rearing practices from the cognitive disciplinary viewpoint proposed by Lee et al.(1973). They polarized the child-rearing practices into the“mediated”types. These types were specified along seven dimensions of child-rearing. In general terms, the two types refer to the degree to which mother resorts to the description of concrete and immediate phenomena and immediate expression of momentary impulses, and positively reinforces such behaviors of her children. Two kinds of data were collected from 60 primary school boys and girls, and their mothers. A child-rearing practices questionnaire with 28 items was sent to the mothers. And the children were administered a critical thinking abilities test containing measures of 4 dimensions from the Ahn's Critical Thinking Measurement Technique. The major findings are those (a) the children of mothers who reported to have used more“mediated”types of child-rearing show relatively higher level of critical thinking abilities than their counterparts; (b) of the seven dimensions of child-rearing practices, the most significant are“mode of description”,“rationality-orientation”and“reward and punishment”; and (c) the“mediated”type of child-rearing practices tends to facilitate critical thinking abilities development. In conclusion, it is believed that a further refinement of this study will contribute to the development of child-rearing training program for mothers.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2015

Objectives: This study examined the effects of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives with different compositions and pH. The effect of ethanol wetting on etched dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Forty-two human permanent molars were classified into 21 groups according to the adhesive types (Clearfil SE Bond [SE, control]; G-aenial Bond [GB]; Xeno V [XV]; Beauti Bond [BB]; Adper Easy Bond [AE]; Single Bond Universal [SU]; All Bond Universal [AU]), and the dentin conditioning methods. Composite resins were placed on the dentin surfaces, and the teeth were sectioned. The microtensile bond strength was measured, and the failure mode of the fractured specimens was examined. The data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. Results: In GB, XV and SE ($pH{\leq}2$), the bond strength was decreased significantly when the dentin was etched (p < 0.05). In BB, AE and SU (pH 2.4 - 2.7), additional etching did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05). In AU (pH = 3.2), additional etching increased the bond strength significantly (p < 0.05). When adhesives were applied to the acid etched dentin with ethanol-wet bonding, the bond strength was significantly higher than that of the no ethanol-wet bonding groups, and the incidence of cohesive failure was increased. Conclusions: The effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength was influenced by the pH of one-step self-etch adhesives. Ethanol wetting on etched dentin could create a stronger bonding performance of one-step self-etch adhesives for acid etched dentin.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of an indirect resin composite (IRC) to the various resin matrix ceramic (RMC) blocks using different surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ninety-nine cubic RMC specimens consisting of a resin nanoceramic (RNC), a polymer-infiltrated hybrid ceramic (PIHC), and a flexible hybrid ceramic (FHC) were divided randomly into three surface treatment subgroups (n = 11). In the experimental groups, untreated (Cnt), tribochemical silica coating (Tbc), and Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation (Lsr) with 3 W (150 mJ/pulse, 20 Hz for 20 sec.) were used as surface treatments. An indirect composite resin (IRC) was layered with a disc-shape mold ($2{\times}3mm$) onto the treated-ceramic surfaces and the specimens submitted to thermal cycling (6000 cycles, $5-55^{\circ}C$). The SBS test of specimens was performed using a universal testing machine and the specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscope to determine the failure mode. Data were statistically analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. According to the two-way ANOVA, only the surface treatment parameter was statistically significant (P<.05) on the SBS of IRC to RMC. The SBS values of Lsr-applied RMC groups were significantly higher than Cnt groups for each RMC material, (P<.05). Significant differences were also determined between Tbc surface treatment applied and untreated (Cnt) PIHC materials (P=.039). CONCLUSION. For promoting a reliable bond strength during characterization of RMC with IRC, Nd:YAG laser or Tbc surface treatment technique should be used, putting in consideration the microstructure and composition of RMC materials and appropriate parameters for each material.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of Intima-Media Thickness of common carotid artery(CCA-IMT) and The Second Derivative of Photoplethysmogram Waveforms(SDPTG). 38 subjects with acute ischemic stroke were recruited from the patients admitted to Dong-Eui Medical Center from the June 2013 to January 2014. We assessed 38 patient's SDPTG data and CCA-IMT data by B Mode ultrasonography. then 38 subjects were divided into two groups by the CCA-IMT difference; CCA-IMT 〈 0.8 mm group(n=11), CCA-IMT $$\geq_-$$ 0.8 mm group(n=27). We analyzed their characteristics, risk factor, blood test result, life style by CCA-IMT difference. As a result, Age, Hypertension were significantly higher in the CCA-IMT $$\geq_-$$ 0.8 mm group then in the CCA-IMT < 0.8 mm group. Regular exercise were significantly higher in the CCA-IMT < 0.8 mm group then in the CCA-IMT $$\geq_-$$ 0.8 mm group. The result of Multiple regression analysis on the factors affecting the CCA-IMT was hypertension, total cholesterol, age. and The result of Pearson's Correlation analysis on CCA-IMT and SDPTG is that e/a ratio, SDPTG AI were respectively and significantly correlated with CCA-IMT. According to the analysis, the Relationship between CCA-IMT and SDPTG in Ischemic Stroke Patients were founded. We suggest that further investigation with larger and better controlled trials of the Relationship between CCA-IMT and SDPTG could contribute to better understand the effects of risk factors on atherosclerosis.

• 대기
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.205-220
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• 2013

Upper ocean response to typhoon Ewiniar (0603) and its impact on the following typhoon Bilis (0604) are investigated using observational data and numerical experiments. Data used in this study are obtained from the Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS), ARGO, and satellite. Numerical simulations are conducted using 3-dimensional Princeton Ocean Model. Results show that when Ewiniar passes over the western North Pacific, unique oceanic responses are found at two places, One is in East China Sea near Taiwan and another is in the vicinity of IORS. The latter are characterized by a strong sea surface cooling (SSC), $6^{\circ}C$ and $11^{\circ}C$ in simulation and observation, under the condition of typhoon with a fast translation speed (8m $s^{-1}$) and lowering intensity (970 hPa). The record-breaking strong SSC is caused by the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water, which produces a strong vertical temperature gradient within a shallow depth of Yellow Sea. The former are also characterized by a strong SSC, $7.5^{\circ}C$ in simulation, with a additional cooling of $4.5^{\circ}C$ after a storm's passage mainly due to enhanced and maintained upwelling process by the resonance coupling of storm translation speed and the gravest mode internal wave phase speed. The numerical simulation reveals that the Ewiniar produced a unfavorable upper-ocean thermal condition, which eventually inhibited the intensification of the following typhoon Bilis. Statistics show that 9% of the typhoons in western North Pacific are influenced by cold wakes produced by a proceeding typhoon. These overall results demonstrate that upper ocean response to a typhoon even after the passage is also important factor to be considered for an accurate intensity prediction of a following typhoon with similar track.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2020

Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) installed an ionospheric sounding radar system called Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar (VIPIR) at Jang Bogo Station (JBS) in 2015 in order to routinely monitor the state of the ionosphere in the auroral oval and polar cap regions. Since 2017, after two-year test operation, it has been continuously operated to produce various ionospheric parameters. In this article, we will introduce the characteristics of the JBS-VIPIR observations and possible applications of the data for the study on the polar ionosphere. The JBS-VIPIR utilizes a log periodic transmit antenna that transmits 0.5-25 MHz radio waves, and a receiving array of 8 dipole antennas. It is operated in the Dynasonde B-mode pulse scheme and utilizes the 3-D inversion program, called NeXtYZ, for the data acquisition and processing, instead of the conventional 1-D inversion procedure as used in the most of digisonde observations. The JBS-VIPIR outputs include the height profiles of the electron density, ionospheric tilts, and ion drifts with a 2-minute temporal resolution in the bottomside ionosphere. With these observations, possible research applications will be briefly described in combination with other observations for the aurora, the neutral atmosphere and the magnetosphere simultaneously conducted at JBS.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.407-419
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 축 대칭 원뿔 형상 위의 압축성 경계층의 천이 지점을 선형 안정성 이론과 -method를 이용하여 예측하였다. 축 대칭 좌표계에서의 압축성 유동 지배 방정식으로부터 압축성 원뿔 경계층의 선형 안정성 방정식을 얻었으며 안정성 방정식을 2차 정확도의 유한 차분법을 이용하여 계산하는 수치 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발 된 코드로 원뿔 경계층의 안정성 특성 및 2차원 교란의 증폭률을 계산하고 실험결과와의 비교를 통해 검증을 수행하였다. 얻어진 교란의 증폭률을 활용하여 -method를 통해 천이지점 예측을 수행하였다. 풍동 시험 및 비행 시험 결과와의 비교를 통해 비행 조건에 있는 마하수 4와 8사이의 원뿔 경계층에 대한 본 연구의 천이지점의 예측 능력을 확인하였다. 또한 벽면 냉각이 경계층 내부 교란의 안정성 및 천이 지점에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2010

비닐하우스 아치구조에 고정햄머 및 이동가속도계 형식을 취한 충격진동실험을 수행하여 획득한 일련의 진동기록으로 부터 고유진동수, 감쇠율 및 모드형태 등과 같은 모달계수를 추출하기 위하여 최신 고급 주파수영역 시스템판별법인 PolyMAX 및 FDD를 적용하였다. 전자는 입력-출력 데이터 모두를 사용하며, 후자는 출력 데이터 만 을 사용한다. 본 연구의 비닐하우스 강재 파이프 아치와 같이 매우 세장한 구조물에 진동계측 등과 같은 비파괴 실험기법을 적용하여 정적좌굴 하중을 결정할 수 있는 지 여부 및 손상을 감지할 수 있는지 등에 대하여 중점적으로 조사하였다. 대체로 추출한 모달계수는 유한요소해석으로부터 획득한 결과와 좋은 일치를 나타냈으며, 지속적으로 수행 할 후속연구에 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2010

지역의 경제 사회적 환경은 서베이 협조와 어떠한 관련이 있는가? 이전 연구들에서는 자료 수집 방법의 차이, 서베이 협조에 따른 인센티브 유무, 응답률의 유형, 지역 단위 등 여러가지 차원으로 인해 서베이 응답률에 관한 사회적 환경효과를 일반화하는 것이 복잡하다. 이 연구에서는 OLS 회귀분석을 사용하여 미국의 2000년 센서스 최종 응답률(CFRR), 2002년 GSS 응답률(GSSRR)과 지역구조적 요인 사이의 연관성을 분석했다. 분석결과 CFRR은 빈곤은 응답률에 부정적 효과를, 거주 안정과 18세 이하 비율은 긍정적 효과를 미쳐 사회해체 이론을 확인하는 반면, GSSRR는 그렇지 않다는 것을 발견했다. 우리의 결과는 지역의 경제 사회적 환경이 실질조사에 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있다는 점을 보여주었으며, 이러한 점에서 본 연구는 향후 응답률에 대한 국내연구의 활성화에 기여하고자 하였다.