• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.930-937
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• 2004

In tunnel blasting, rock damage and overbreak at excavation limits are strongly related to stability of the tunnel and cost for rock support, and also affect to maintenance after tunnel construction. In this study, many field tests and measurements have been carried out in highway tunnels so that discordance between blast design and practical production blasting could be settled and actual methods of over break control could be proposed through the understanding of the problems in existing blasting patterns. Test blasting in tunnel was carried out many times in two tunnel sites. Also, long hole blasting longer than existing blasting pattern was executed for good grade of rock mass whose RMR value is more than 60. Using the results of test blasting, new standard blasting patterns for two lane tunnel were proposed. As a result of profile measurement after blasting, drilling is a major factor of overbreak. And then the methods for minimizing overbreak were adapted in new blasting patterns.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2003

터널 및 지하공동 설계에 이용된 23개 지역의 578개의 시추공발파 진동 data와 시공 중인 일반터널의 4개 지역으로부터 221개 진동 data를 이용, 시추공발파의 진동전달 특성을 분석하였다. 시추공발파와 일반터널발파의 진동속도 감쇠 경향을 비교 분석한 결과 시추공발파의 입지상수들이 크게 나타났다. 환산거리가 클 때 최대 허용장약량은 시추공발파의 식으로 계산한 것이 더 적었다. 주진동수에 대한 주파수 분석결과 시추공발파는 30∼60Hz, 일반터널발파는 60∼90Hz로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 시추공발파 자료를 터널발파 설계에 직접 사용하는데 다소의 문제가 있는 것으로 판단되며 보다 정확한 설계를 위하여 통계적 처리가 불가피할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.681-688
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• 2003

Rock damage induced by blasting can not be avoided during tunnel construction and may affect tunnel stability. But the mutual interaction between tunnel blasting design and tunnel stability design is generally not considered. Therefore this study propose a methodology to take into considration the results of the blasting damage in tunnel stability design. Rock damage is evaluated by dynamic numerical analysis for the most common blasting pattern adopted in road tunnel. Damage zone is determined by using the continuum damage model which is expressed as a function of volumetric strain. And the damage effect is taken into account by the damaged rock stiffness and the damaged failure criteria in tunnel stability assessment. The extend of plastic zone and deformation increase compared to the case of not considering blast-induced rock damage.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.133-140
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• 2000

Drilling and blasting method for excavating rock mass is generally used in underground construction; but this technique has some shortcomings. For instance, rock mass damage is inevitable during drilling and blasting, and blast-induced vibration frequently causes some problems. Until now, field measurement method is used to predict the overbreak and vibration; but it has many limitations. Therefore, numerical analysis method is needed to overcome such limitations, and to estimate and predict damage and vibration due to tunnel blasting in the design stage. In this study, damage zone of rock mass due to stoping and contour blasting is compared based on standard tunnel blasting pattern, and the propriety of the standard tunnel blasting pattern is estimated. Then, blasting pattern is optimized so that the damage zone due to sloping blasting with reduced charge is consistent with that due to contour blasting.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2002

The points of this design case are the planning and excavation method of a new double-tracked railroad tunnel which is approx. 11∼22 meters apart from existing single-tracked railroad tunnel. For the optimum excavation method some needs are required in design stage, such as the reduction of noise and vibration, public resentment, damage of buildings and construction costs. Hence the estimation and application of allowable noise and vibration criterion is important. The ground coefficient (K, n) of this site is determined by field trial blasting. The excavation method is chosen to satisfy the allowable noise and vibration criterion. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of existing single-tracked railroad tunnel, the instrumentation of maintenance level is accompanied during the construction stage. As a result of this design condition, central diaphragm excavation with line drilling and pre-large hole boring blasting is applied to the area within 15 meters apart from existing tunnel. And above 15 meters apart, pre-large hole boring blasting is designed.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2007

발파작업에 따라 필연적으로 발생되는 발파소음은 충격성소음으로 인체에 영향을 미친다. 이로 인한 민원 발생은 공사 중지, 발파규모의 축소 등을 유발시킨다. 발파소음저감을 위한 방음시설은 대부분 민원의 정토에 따리 설치시기나 설치방법 등이 각 현장마다 자체적으로 이루어지고 있으나 소음 저감도는 매우 낮은 실정이다. 본 연구의 최종적인 목표는 방음시설의 방법과 재질에 따른 소음저감 기술연구이다. 1단계 기포자료 확보를 위한 연구단계로서 철도, 도로, 전력구 등의 약 20여개의 터널 현장을 대강으로 방음시설의 설치시기와 설치방법, 재질에 대한 조사를 수행하였다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.3-17
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• 1990

The Caustious blasting have often increased Complaints of ground Vibration and Sound when the Wire-Tunnel Constructed in Pusan. In order to prevent the influence to housing structure, it was necessary to predict blasting-Induced Vibration and Sound. The Suveyer determined the Burden and spacing of Drill holes, minimum delay charges within a allowable Vibration and Sound Level. Tunnel drilling and Ignition patterns are made as follows; No. 1 Tunel (Stable rock, hard rock) No.2 Tunnel (Instable plastic rock; wethered rock) and other Tunnels (Instable rock). The result of 1st testing blasting of No. 1 Tunnel was recorded Under allowable Vibration Level but sound was over 75 Db of allowable value. So Tunnel drilling pattern was amended with 52 Non-charg holes to reduce the blast-sound. The other pattern had no need to amend.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2005

국내에서 발파설계에 적용하고 있는 수식은 외국의 암반조건과 발파환경에 맞게 만들어진 것으로써 암질과 현장조건이 상이한 국내에서는 잘 맞지 않거나 발파패턴의 자동설계에도 적절하지 않은 문제가 있었다. 1998년부터 터널발파설계 자동화를 구현하기 위한 여러 연구가 시행되었고, 이를 통해 개발된 발파 설계식은 이러한 문제들을 해결할 수 있었다. 개발된 발파 설계식은 기존의 수식에 비해 복잡하기는 하지만, 암반상태에 따른 굴진장의 변화를 고려하여 장약량을 변화시킬 수 있고 최외곽공과 전열공의 설계도 다양하게 적용할 수 있는 등 여러 가지 장점이 있다. 이 연구에서는 터널발파설계 자동화를 위해 개발된 설계식에 대해 검토하였다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2016

소단면 철도 단선터널 발파시 보안물건과 근접한 구간에서 진동소음을 줄이기 위하여 심발공법을 다단평행 미진동 전자발파 공법을 적용한 전자발파시시템(EBS)으로 시험발파를 실시하였다. 시험발파결과 진동소음 허용기준대비 진동 23.5%, 소음 75% 수준으로 측정이 되어 전자발파 공법으로 지속적으로 발파를 실시 완료하였으며 또한, 시험발파를 바탕으로 본 시공에서도 공사기간 단축, 공사비 절감, 민원방지 효과를 얻었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.127-132
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• 2004

The third double-track construction part of work, called Chung Ang Railroad line(Deok-So$\∼$Won-Ju) is in progress and the personal museum located 330m from the starting point of Pal-Dang Tunnel(length=4,470m) line in the canyon is to be effected by rock blasting during the tunnel excavation work, especially museum articles and building itself. This paper is the example of application suitable tunnel rock blasting pattern for excavation after the case study about the investigation and analysis of rock blasting noise pollution during tunnel excavation work. The museum is a three-story building, RC concrete structure and is located 17m from the top of the tunnel, in the center of the double-track line. Comparing estimate vibration frequency with site vibration one, it can be verified the reasonable rock blasting noise pollution as improving the application of tunnel excavation rock blasting pattern. The above pattern has been selected economically and effectively and applied to our construction field.