• 소성∙가공
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2003

In the case of hollow cylinder extrusion using porthole die, the effects of extrusion parameters-temperature, the speed of extrusion, the shape of the die and mandrel-on metal flow in porthole die extrusion of aluminum have been investigated. There have been few studies about condenser tube extruded by porthole die. This study was designed to evaluate metal flow, welding pressure, extrusion load, tendency of mandrel deflection according to variation of chamber length in porthole die. The welding chamber height in condenser tube was calculated by using finite element method. Forming analysis results for condenser tube would provide useful information for the optimal design of porthole die.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1
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• pp.527-530
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• 2004

High-temperature Superconductor(HTS) tubes were fabricated in term of different diameter, length and thickness by centrigugal forming method. For powder melting by induction the optimum range of melting temperatures and preheating temperature were $1050^{\circ}C{\sim}1100^{\circ}C\;amd\;550^{\circ}C$ for 30min, respectively. The mould renting speed was 1000rpm. A tube was annealed at $840^{\circ}C$ for 72hours in oxygen atmosphere. The plate-like grains were well developed along the renting direction and typical grain size was about more than $40{\mu}m$. It was found that Ic values increased with increasing the tube diameter while the Ic decreased with increasing tube thickness. Also Ic decreased with increasing the tube length. The measured Ic in $50mm{\times}70mm{\times}25mm$ tube was about 896Amp.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.146-155
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• 1977

The free convection in a vertical tube open at both ends and heated at the heated at the wall is studied by analytical approach and checked by experiment. The flow is assumed to be both stable and laminar. The incompressible boundary layer equations fot the system were solved by a finite difference method for conditions of constant wall temperature and conctant wall heat flux. Temperature profiles of the flow in the tube were measured by thermocouples and are compared with the calculated profiles. Agreement of the analytical and experimental results was good.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

In order to reduce the deformation and delay the local buckling of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns, strengthening the structures with stiffeners is an effective method. In this paper, a new stiffening method with inclined stiffeners was used to investigate the behaviors of short CFST columns under axial compression. Besides, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model was applied to simulate the mechanical performances, including the total deformation, local buckling, and stress-strain relationship. Revised constitutive models of stiffened steel tube and confined concrete are proposed. A good agreement was achieved between the test and FE results. Furthermore, the calculated results of load capacity by using a simplified method also show a good correlation with experimental data.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.23-26
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• 2004

This paper describes the analysis of extrusion process and integrity for the condenser tube which is component of the heat exchanger in automobile and air conditioning apparatus. As development of the analysis method using computer, recently. It have been applied to the 3-dimensional hot extrusion process with complex section area of the non-steady statement and then results of the analysis have been applied to optimal die design and process design. As the result, this paper confirmed that used extrusion die of the research is satisfactorily designed to dimensional accuracy. And the stress point of view, condenser tube confirmed that it was influenced by the flow pressure of alternative regrigerants.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2002

The thermal performance of a modular shell and tube-bundle heat exchanger has been analyzed using section-by-section method. Investigated are the effects of air and water inlet conditions on condensation heat transfer of horizontal tubes. It is found that they are significant for the heat transfer of the modular shell and tube-bundle heat exchanger It is shown that the predictions and experimental results are in good agreements.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.291-295
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• 1996

In CANDU reactor, each pressure tubes contain twelve fuel bundles and provide the inlet and outlet for the primary coolant. If a leak develops in the pressure tube, it is detected by Annulus Gas System which contains circulating dry $CO_2$ gas. Since the leaks caused by the flaws are resulted in pressure tube break, establishment of flaw assessment method is very significant in view of the fracture mechanics. In this paper, various criteria for assessing the flaws are presented to prevent the tube rupture and ensure the integrity of reactor operating.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.427-445
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• 2015

By means of finite element numerical simulation and pseudo-static method, the shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel subject to horizontal and vertical seismic forces are researched. The research includes rupture angles, the failure mode of the tunnel and the distribution of surrounding rock relaxation pressure. And the analytical solution for surrounding rock relaxation pressure is derived. For such tunnels, their surrounding rock has sliding rupture planes that generally follow a "W" shape. The failure area is determined by the rupture angles. Research shows that for shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel under the action of seismic force, the load effect on the tunnel structure shall be studied based on the relaxation pressure induced by surrounding rock failure. The rupture angles between the left tube and the right tube are independent of the surface slope. For tunnels with surrounding rock of Grade IV, V and VI, which is of poor quality, the recommended reinforcement range for the rupture angles is provided when the seismic fortification intensity is VI, VII, VIII and IX respectively. This study is expected to provide theoretical support regarding the ground reinforcement range for the shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel under seismic force.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.19-36
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• 2023

정보통신기술의 발전으로 인해 누구나 쉽게 정보를 생산, 유포할 수 있게 되면서, 이를 악용하여 의도적으로 유포하는 거짓 정보인 가짜뉴스가 새로운 문제로 대두되기 시작하였다. 초기에 텍스트 방식으로 주로 전파되던 가짜뉴스는 점차 진화하여 이제는 멀티미디어 형식으로 퍼지고 있다. 유튜브는 2005년에 설립된 이후 세계 최고의 동영상 플랫폼으로 성장하면서 전 세계 사람들이 대부분 이용하고 있다. 하지만 유튜브는 가짜뉴스가 퍼지는 주요 창구가 되며 사회적인 문제를 일으키고 있다. 유튜브의 가짜뉴스를 탐지하기 위하여 다양한 학자들이 연구를 진행해 왔다. 가짜뉴스 탐지 연구에는 콘텐츠 기반의 접근과 배경정보 기반의 접근이 존재하는데 기존 가짜뉴스 연구와 유튜브의 가짜뉴스 탐지 연구를 살펴보면 콘텐츠 기반의 접근이 다수를 차지하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 콘텐츠 기반의 가짜뉴스 탐지가 아닌 배경정보 기반의 가짜뉴스 탐지기법을 제안하는데, 그 중에서도 유튜브에서 제공하는 관련 동영상 정보를 활용하여 가짜뉴스를 탐지하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 구체적으로 관련 동영상에서 얻은 정보와 원본 동영상에서 얻은 정보를 임베딩 기술인 Doc2vec을 이용하여 벡터화 한 후, 딥러닝 네트워크인 합성곱 신경망(CNN)을 통하여 가짜뉴스를 판별하고자 하였다. 실증분석 결과 제안 기법은 기존의 콘텐츠 기반으로 유튜브 가짜뉴스를 탐지하는 접근에 비해 보다 우수한 예측 성능을 보임을 확인하였다. 이러한 본 연구의 제안 기법은 파급력이 높은 유튜브 상에서 유포되는 가짜뉴스의 전파를 사전에 예방함으로써, 우리사회를 보다 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있도록 만드는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.135-135
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• 2015

Tubes are of extreme importance in industries as for fluid channels or wave guides. Furthermore, some weapon systems such as cannons use the tubes as gun barrels. To increase the service life of such tubes, a protective coating must be applied to the tubes' inner surface. However, the coating methods applicable to the inner surface of the tubes are very limited due to the geometrical restriction. A small-diameter cylindrical magnetron sputtering gun can be used to deposit coating layers on the inner surface of the large-bore tubes. However, for small-bore tubes with the inner diameter of one inch (~25 mm), the magnetron sputtering method can hardly be accommodated due to the space limitation for permanent magnet assembly. In this study, a new approach to coat the inner surface of small-bore tubes with the inside diameter of one inch was developed. Instead of using permanent magnets for magnetron operation, an external electro-magnet assembly was adopted around the tube to confine the plasma and to sustain the discharge. The electro-magnet was operated in pulse mode to provide the strong axial magnetic field for the magnetron operation, which was synchronized with the negative high-voltage pulse applied to the water-cooled coaxial sputtering target installed inside the tube. By moving the electro-magnet assembly along the tube's axial direction, the inner surface of the tube could be uniformly coated. The inner-surface coating system in this study used the tube itself as the vacuum chamber. The SS-304 tube's inner diameter was 22 mm and the length was ~1 m. A water-cooled Cu tube (sputtering target) of the outer diameter of 12 mm was installed inside of the SS tube (substrate) at the axial position. The 50 mm-long electro-magnet assembly was fed by a current pulse of 250 A at the frequency and pulse width of 100 Hz and 100 usec, respectively. The calculated axial magnetic field strength at the center was ~0.6 Tesla. The central Cu tube was synchronously driven by a HiPIMS power supply at the same frequency of 100 Hz as the electro-magnet and the applied pulse voltage was -1200 V with a pulse width of 500 usec. At 150 mTorr of Ar pressure, the Cu deposition rate of ~10 nm/min could be obtained. In this talk, a new method to sputter coat the inner surface of small-bore tubes would be presented and discussed, which might have broad industrial and military application areas.