• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.583-595
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• 2012

대기 및 해양의 대규모 환경에서 열대저기압 발생의 잠재적 빈도는 잠재생성지수(GPI; Genesis Potential Index)를 이용하여 예측할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 18개의 CMIP5 기후모델을 이용하여 GPI의 연진동 및 경년변동성이 분석되었다. 비교를 위하여 재분석자료로부터 계산된 GPI의 연진동이 재조명되었다. 특히 CMIP5 기후모델과 재분석자료에 의한 GPI가 비교되었고, 그 차이에 대한 가능한 해석이 논의되었다. ENSO (El Nino and Southern Oscillation)는 열대 저기압 발생 및 경로에 영향을 주는 열대 기후현상이다. 잠재생성지수가 네 개의 대규모 매개변수의 함수임을 이용함으로써 열대저기압발생에 대한 역학적 해석이 제시되었다. 본 연구에서는 엘니뇨 혹은 라니냐 해에 GPI 편차를 논의하였고, 그 편차에 가장 영향을 많이 주는 인자를 찾았다. 또한 여러 대규모 인자를 활용하여 북태평양지역 열대저기압 발생에 대하여 가능한 기작을 논의하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2020

Areca palm yellow leaf (AYL) disease caused by the 16SrI group phytoplasma is a serious threat to the development of the Areca palm industry in China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was utilized to establish a rapid and efficient detection system efficient for the 16SrI-B subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The results showed that two sets of LAMP detection primers, 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, were efficient for 16SrI-B subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China, with positive results appearing under reaction conditions of 64℃ for 40 min. The lowest detection limit for the two LAMP detection assays was the same at 200 ag/μl, namely approximately 53 copies/μl of the target fragments. Phytoplasma was detected in all AYL disease samples from Baoting, Tunchang, and Wanning counties in Hainan province using the two sets of LAMP primers 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, whereas no phytoplasma was detected in the negative control. The LAMP method established in this study with comparatively high sensitivity and stability, provides reliable results that could be visually detected, making it suitable for application and research in rapid diagnosis of AYL disease, detection of seedlings with the pathogen and breeding of disease-resistant Areca palm varieties.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2943-2948
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• 2012

Arsenic exposure is a serious health hazard worldwide. We have previously established that it may result in immune suppression by upregulating Th2 cytokines while downregulating Th1 cytokines and causing lymphocytic death. Treatment modalities for arsenic poisoning have mainly been restricted to the use of chelating agents in the past. Only recently have combination therapies using a chelating agent in conjunction with other compounds such as anti-oxidants, micronutrients and various plant products, been introduced. In the present study, we used T11TS, a novel immune potentiating glycopeptide alone and in combination with the sulfhydryl-containing chelator, mono-iso-amyl-dimarcaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA) as a therapeutic regimen to combat arsenic toxicity in a mouse model. Results indicated that Th1 cytokines such as TNF-${\alpha}$, $IFN{\gamma}$, IL12 and the Th2 cytokines such as IL4, IL6, IL10 which were respectively downregulated and upregulated following arsenic induction were more efficiently restored to their near normal levels by T11TS alone in comparison with the combined regimen. Similar results were obtained with the apoptotic proteins studied, FasL, BAX, BCL2 and the caspases 3, 8 and 9, where again T11TS proved more potent than in combination with MiADMSA in preventing lymphocyte death. The results thus indicate that T11TS alone is more efficient in immune re-establishment after arsenic exposureas compared to combination therapy with T11TS+MiADMSA.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2014

Estimating above-ground biomass is important in establishing an applicable methodology of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) System for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-Plus (REDD+). We developed an estimation model of diameter at breast height (DBH) from IKONOS-2 image that led to above-ground biomass estimation (AGB). The IKONOS image was preprocessed with dark object subtraction and topographic effect correction prior to watershed segmentation for tree crown delineation. Compared to the field observation, the overall segmentation accuracy was 64%. Crown detection percent had a strong negative correlation to tree density. In addition, satellite-based crown area had the highest correlation with the field measured DBH. We then developed the DBH allometric model that explained 74% of the data variance. In average, the estimated DBH was very similar to the measured DBH as well as for AGB. Overall, this method can potentially be applied to estimate AGB over a relatively large and remote tropical forest in Northern Borneo.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.653-658
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• 2006

대기 대순환 모형인 GCPS를 이용하여 북서태평양에서의 태풍 활동의 계절 예측 가능성을 조사하였다. 1979년부터 2003년까지 각 해에 대해 해수면 온도 관측 자료를 사용하여 5개월간 초기 조건을 달리한 10개의 앙상블 멤버를 적분하였다. 모형은 발생 빈도의 평균적인 월변화 경향과 발생 분포를 관측과 유사하게 모의하였으나, 발생 빈도의 경년 변화는 신빙성 있게 예측하지 못하였다. 이는 관측과 모형간 태풍 발생 빈도와 ENSO의 상관성 차이에 인한 것으로 실제 태풍 발생 빈도와 ENSO가 뚜렷한 상관 관계를 갖지 않는 것과 달리, 모형에서는 엘니뇨 시기에 평년에 비해 많은 태풍이 발생하고 라니냐 시기에 평년에 비해 적은 태풍이 발생하는 경향을 보였기 때문이다. 반면에, 관측과 모형 모두 ENSO와의 상관 관계가 높게 나타난 태풍 발생 경도의 경우에는 모형이 발생 경도의 경년 변화를 관측과 유사하게 모의하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.543-547
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• 2016

In the present study, we report on the occurrence of paramphistomes, Fischoederius cobboldi and Paramphistomum epiclitum, in Lao PDR with the basis of molecular data. Parasite materials were collected from bovines bred in Ban Lahanam area, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR at Lahanam public market. Morphological observations indicated 2 different species of paramphistomes. The mitochondrial gene cox1 of the specimens was successfully amplified by PCR and DNA sequencing was carried out for diagnosis of 11 specimens. Pairwise alignment of cox1 sequences were performed and confirmed F. cobboldi and P. epiclitum infecting bovines in Laos. Although there were many limiting points, as the small number of worm samples, and the restricted access of the animal host materials, we confirmed for the first time that 2 species of paramphistomes, F. cobboldi and P. epiclitum, are distributed in Lao PDR. More studies are needed to confirm the paramphistome species present in Savannakhet and its hosts to clear the natural history of these parasites of ruminants in the region and measure the impact of this parasite infection in the life and health of the local people.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.575-583
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• 2020

본 논문은 기존의 트로피컬 하우스의 정의와 다르게 접근한다. 일렉트로닉 음악 장르인 딥 하우스, 칠 아웃, 댄스 홀로부터 파생되었다는 것이 기존의 정의이다. 이와 달리 본 연구에서는 트로피컬 하우스가 일렉트로닉 음악뿐만 아니라 다른 예술 양식의 요소를 포함하고 있음을 이야기한다. 바로 아일랜드의 전통 음악인 켈틱 음악의 요소들이다. 어떤 이유에서 트로피컬 하우스 장르와 켈틱 음악 장르의 융합이 용이했는지에 관하여 설명한다. 그리고 트로피컬 하우스가 켈틱 음악의 요소를 가지고 있다는 것을 8곡의 파퓰러 음악을 통하여 분석한다. 트로피컬 하우스의 선율, 화성, 리듬, 보컬 창법, 악기, 곡의 구조가 켈틱 음악의 요소와 교집합이 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 본 논문의 요지는 켈틱 음악의 요소가 트로피컬 하우스라는 장르에서 발견되었음을 주장하는 것이다. 더불어 창작자들은 세계 전통음악을 비롯한 다양한 음악들에 관심을 갖을 필요가 있다. 독창적인 음악을 만들기 위해 오늘날의 음악과 다양한 장르의 음악을 어떻게 접목시킬 수 있을지에 대해 고민해볼 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2004

We investigated the induction of resistance to Clonorchis sinensis infection by prior infection in rat and hamster models. Animals were challenged with C. sinensis metacercariae, then treated with praziquantel and reinfected. Worm recovery rate in reinfected animals was used to estimate resistance to reinfection. The determined resistance rates to reinfection in rats and hamsters were 97.7% and 10.3%, respectively. In rats, cure from the primary infection of C. sinensis increased resistant to reinfection, and the greatert the worm burden and the longer the duration of primary infection, the higher was the resistance rate. For primary infection doses of 10, 40 and 100 metacercariae per rat, the resistance rates were 87.4%, 93.8% and 98.4%, respectively. The resistance rates in rats after 2 or 8-week primary infection were 78.7% and 95.3%, respectively. All worms recovered from reinfected rats were immature. When cured rats were administered with methylprednisolone, resistance to reinfection became impaired. These findings indicate that rats develop a high degree of resistance to reinfection by C. sinensis after cure. The growths and maturations of reinfected worms were also impaired.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.665-674
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• 2019

Objective: In tropical regions, as in temperate regions where seasonality of forage production occurs, well-preserved forage is necessary for animal production during periods of forage shortage. However, the unique climate conditions (hot and humid) and forage characteristics (high moisture content and low soluble carbohydrate) in the tropics make forage preservation more difficult. The current study used natural ensiling of tropical forage as a model to evaluate silage characteristics under different temperatures ($28^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$). Methods: Four tropical forages (king grass, paspalum, white popinac, and stylo) were ensiled under different temperatures ($28^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$). After ensiling for 30 and 60 days, samples were collected to examine the fermentation quality, chemical composition and microbial community. Results: High concentrations of acetic acid (ranging from 7.8 to 38.5 g/kg dry matter [DM]) were detected in silages of king grass, paspalum and stylo with relatively low DM (ranging from 23.9% to 30.8% fresh material [FM]) content, acetic acid production was promoted with increased temperature and prolonged ensiling. Small concentrations of organic acid (ranging from 0.3 to 3.1 g/kg DM) were detected in silage of white popinac with high DM content (50.8% FM). The microbial diversity analysis indicated that Cyanobacteria originally dominated the bacterial community for these four tropical forages and was replaced by Lactobacillus and Enterobacter after ensiling. Conclusion: The results suggested that forage silages under tropical climate conditions showed enhanced acetate fermentation, while high DM materials showed limited fermentation. Lactobacillus and Enterobacter were the most probable genera responsible for tropical silage fermentation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2023

Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the polymorphic var multigene family, is a highly polymorphic antigen that plays a crucial role in the pathology of malaria. The contribution of the genetic diversity of var toward the immune escape of P. falciparum has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of var repertoires by screening P. falciparum Duffy-binding-like α domain (PfDBLα) among field isolates from central Myanmar. Genetic analysis revealed that the D-H segments of var in Myanmar populations have an extensive polymorphic repertoire, with high numbers of unique sequence types in each individual. However, var genes from the global population, including Myanmar, shared close genetic lineages regardless of their geographic origins, indicating that they have not undergone rapid evolutionary changes.