• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compares the bone formation ability of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with and without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and assesses TCP as a carrier of rhBMP-2. Methods: Bilateral round defects (diameter: 8.0 mm) were formed in the cranium of eight New Zealand white rabbits. The defects were grafted with TCP only (control group) or with rhBMP-2-coated TCP (experimental group). The animals were sacrificed at 1st week, 2nd week, 4th week, and 8th week postoperatively; two rabbits sacrificed each time. The skulls were harvested and subjected to radiographic and histological examination. Results: Radiologic evaluation showed faster bone remodeling in the experimental group than in the control group. Histologic evaluation (H&E, Masson's trichrome stain) showed rapid bone formation, remodeling and calcification in the 1st and 2nd week in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed higher expression rate of osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ ligand, and receptor activator of nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ in the experimental group at the 1st and 2nd week than in the control group. Conclusion: rhBMP-2 coated TCP resulted in rapid bone formation, remodeling, and calcification due to rhBMP-2's osteogenic effect. TCP performed properly as a carrier for rhBMP-2. Thus, the use of an rhBMP-2 coating on TCP had a synergic effect on bone healing and, especially, bone remodeling and maturation.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제12권S1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2003

Coatings of hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate/HA (TCP/HA) on titanium were fabricated by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). Significant effect of the Ca-P coatings on human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) attachment and formation of type I collagen were found by using immunofluorescence microscope. TCP/HA and HA coatings exerted more HGFs attachment and collagen I formation. Comparing with HA coating, TCP/HA coating exhibited better responses during the late period of the tests. This investigation indicated that this surface modification method may enhance the biological seal at the cervical level of the titanium dental implants.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2010

PURPOSE. One of the major keys to achieve successful osseointegration of the implant is its surface properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the bone response to dental implants with different surface characteristics using the rabbit tibia model. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) coated, anodic oxidized and turned (control) surfaces were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy two implants were placed in the tibia of eighteen rabbits. Nine rabbits were sacrificed at 3 weeks of healing and the remaining nine were sacrificed at 6 weeks of healing. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and the bone volume density (BVD) were assessed by light microscope after 3 and 6 weeks of healing. RESULTS. Statistical analysis showed that no significant differences in the BIC and BVD were observed between the different implant surfaces and the control group at 3 weeks and 6 weeks of healing. Data also suggested that the BVD of all the surfaces showed significant difference at 3 and 6 weeks. CONCLUSION. The present study has showed that osseointegration occurred in all investigated types of surface-treated implants. In the current study all of the threads of the implants were observed to calculate BIC and BVD values (instead of choosing some of the threads from the bone cortex for example), which didn't make BIC or BVD percentage values better than in the control group, therefore the clinical relevance of these results remains to be shown.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.579-583
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• 2008

A porous $Al_2O_3$, scaffold coated with tricalcium phosphate(TCP) was fabricated by replica method using polyurethane(PU) foam as a fugitive material. Successive coatings of $Al_2O_3$ and hydroxyapatite(HAp) were applied via dip coating onto polyurethane foam, which has a slender and well interconnected network. A porous structure was obtained after sequentially burning out the foam and then sintering at $1500^{\circ}C$. The HAp phase was changed to TCP phase at high temperature. The scaffold showed excellent interconnected porosity with pore sizes ranging from $300{\sim}700{\mu}m$ in diameter. The inherent well interconnected structural feature of PU foam remained intact in the fabricated porous scaffold, where the PU foam material was entirely replaced by $Al_2O_3$ and TCP through a consecutive layering process. Thickness of the $Al_2O_3$ base and the TCP coating was about $7{\sim}10{\mu}m$ each. The TCP coating was homogeneously dispersed on the surface of the $Al_2O_3$ scaffold.

• 대한치과재료학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 타이타늄 상에 항균제 클로르헥시딘(chlorhexidine; CHX)이 함유된 수산화인회석을 코팅하고 그 특성을 규명하였다. CHX를 혼합한 개조된 생체유사용액(modified simulated body fluid; mSBF)에 타이타늄 디스크를 침적하여 Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편군을 준비하였다. CHX를 함유하지 않은 mSBF에 침적하여 코팅한 Ti-mSBF 시편군을 다시 CHX 용액에 침적하여 Ti-mSBF-adCHX 시편군을 준비하였다. Ti-mSBF 시편 표면에 나노 형태의 결정들로 구성된 구형의 클러스터들이 균일하게 코팅되었다. Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편에서는 이러한 클러스터들과 함께 리본형상의 결정들이 관찰되었으며, 이 결정들에서 높은 CHX 조성이 측정되었다. 두 시편 모두 HAp 결정구조가 지배적이었으며, ${\beta}-TCP$ (tricalcium phosphate)와 OCP (octacalcium phosphate) 결정구조가 Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편에서 관찰되었다. FT-IR 스펙트럼은 Ti-mSBF-adCHX와 Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편군에서 CHX의 피크가 강하게 관찰되었다. 그러나 인산완충식염수(phosphate buffered saline;PBS)에 침적한 후, CHX가 Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편에서는 천천히 용출된 반면, Ti-mSBF-adCHX 시편에서는 빠르게 용출되었다. 따라서 Ti-mSBF-CHX 시편은 골과 유사한 HAp 구조를 가지며 함유된 CHX가 지속적으로 방출될수 있기 때문에 향후 임플란트 시술에서 염증을 방지할 수 있는 코팅법으로 기대된다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.41.1-41.1
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• 2009

Aerosol Deposition (AD) is anovel way to fabricate bioactive ceramic coatings in biomedical implants and prostheses applications. In the present work, silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on commercially pure titanium were prepared by aerosol deposition using Si-HA powders. The incorporation of silicon in the HA lattice is known to improve the bioactivity of the HA, makingsilicon-substitute HA an attractive alternative to pure HA in biomedical applications. Si-HA powders with the chemical formula $Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6-x(SiO_4)x(OH)_2-x$, having silicon contents up to x=0.5 (1.4 wt%), were synthesized by solid-state reaction of $Ca_2P_2O_7$, $CaCO_3$, and $SiO_2$. The Si-HA powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). The corresponding coatings were also analyzed by XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). The results revealed that a single-phase Si-HA was obtained without any secondary phases such as $\alpha$- or $\beta$-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) for both the powders and the coatings.The Si-HA coating was about $5\;{\mu}m$ thick, had a densemicrostructure with no cracks or pores. In addition, the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells grown on the Si-HA coatings were significantly higher than those on the bare Ti and pure HA coating. These results revealed the stimulatory effects induced by siliconsubstitution on the cellular response to the HA coating.