• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.211-219
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• 2007

Here we demonstrate complex transient behavior of viscoelastic liquid described numerically with the Leonov model in straight and contraction channel flow domains. Finite element and implicit Euler time integration methods are employed for spatial discretization and time marching. In order to stabilize the computational procedure, the tensor-logarithmic formulation of the constitutive equation with SUPG and DEVSS algorithms is implemented. For completeness of numerical formulation, the so called traction boundaries are assigned for flow inlet and outlet boundaries. At the inlet, finite traction force in the flow direction with stress free condition is allocated whereas the traction free boundary is assigned at the outlet. The numerical result has illustrated severe forward-backward fluctuations of overall flow rate in inertial straight channel flow ultimately followed by steady state of forward flow. When the flow reversal occurs, the flow patterns exhibit quite complicated time variation of streamlines. In the inertialess flow, it takes much more time to reach the steady state in the contraction flow than in the straight pipe flow. Even in the inertialess case during startup contraction flow, quite distinctly altering flow patterns with the lapse of time have been observed such as appearing and vanishing of lip vortices, coexistence of multiple vortices at the contraction comer and their merging into one.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.499-507
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• 1988

The pressure suppression pool of BWR(Boiling Water Reactor) is subjected to hydrodynamic impact in the event of a LOCA(Loss of Coolant Accident). The pressure increase in the reactor dry cell would force the existing water of a vent pipe into the suppression pool. When the water is ejected through the pipe opening into the suppression pool, an abrupt downward force is transmitted to the suppression pool floor. Consequently, many structures installed within the pool must be able to withstand these forces. In order to determine the optimum safe locations of the pool structures, numerical analysis have been carried out to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior of the water jet. In the present analysis, a two-dimensional numerical model is utilized to solve transient flow equations.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(한국공작기계학회)
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• pp.304-310
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• 2001

Flow pulsation often causes vibration and noise in piping systems and therefore has been a troublesome concern for fluid system engineers. According to frequency increase in this paper under the influence wave form of velocity in springly flow and viscosity are drop coefficient of viscosity become increase so that impedance and resistance. The transient variations of flow rate are measured by a modified impedance tube method which is realized by virtue of the present analytical technique. At pipe line in order to eliminate vibration, confirm happened intermittently impedance characteristics. We make a test and frequency analysis and have to minimize obstructive component at hydraulic circuit.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.633-640
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• 2014

In this research, the surface roughness affecting the pressure drop in a pipe used as the steam generator of a PWR was studied. Based on the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technique using a commercial code named ANSYS-FLUENT, a straight pipe was modeled to obtain the Darcy frictional coefficient, changed with a range of various surface roughness ratios as well as Reynolds numbers. The result is validated by the comparison with a Moody chart to set the appropriate size of grids at the wall for the correct consideration of surface roughness. The pressure drop in a full-scale U-shaped pipe is measured with the same code, correlated with the surface roughness ratio. In the next stage, we studied a reduced scale model of a U-shaped heat pipe with experiment and analysis of the investigation into fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The material of the pipe was cut from the real heat pipe of a material named Inconel 690 alloy, now used in steam generators. The accelerations at the fixed stations on the outer surface of the pipe model are measured in the series of time history, and Fourier transformed to the frequency domain. The natural frequency of three leading modes were traced from the FFT data, and compared with the result of a numerical analysis for unsteady, incompressible flow. The corresponding mode shapes and maximum displacement are obtained numerically from the FSI simulation with the coupling of the commercial codes, ANSYS-FLUENT and TRANSIENT_STRUCTURAL. The primary frequencies for the model system consist of three parts: structural vibration, BPF(blade pass frequency) of pump, and fluid-structure interaction.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.85-99
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• 1984

The stability of the two-phase flow in a heated channel is of great importance in the design and operation of the boilers and light water nuclear reactors, because it can cause flow oscillations and lead to a violation of thermal limits with resultant overheating of the channels and cladding. This paper presents a systematic evaluation to the variation effects of the basic four (4) dimensionless parameters in a homogeneous equilibrium model. The flow stability is examined on the ground of static characteristic curves. The complicated transfer function of flow dynamics which gives consideration to the transport lag of density wave is derived, and the transient flow stability is analysed by applying the Nyquist stability criterion in control engineering. The analysis results summed up as follows 1. The coolant flow becomes stable in large friction number and specific flow, while it is unstabale in small friction number and flow. 2. Large phase-change number and Froude number destabilize the two-phase flow, but small numbers stabilize it. The effect to variation of phase-change number is more dominant compared with Froude number. 3. The dynamic analysis is required to hold the sufficient safety of heated channels since only static results does not keep it. The special attention could be payed in the design and operation of heat engines, because the unstaable region exists within the stable boundary at small and middle phase-change number and Froude number.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 상수관망의 비정상 상태 흐름을 해석하기 위하여 파속조절법을 이용하여 관망해석모형을 개발하였다. 특성선법을 이용한 실제 상수관망에서의 부정류 해석시 다양한 경계조건의 존재로 인해 해석과정이 매우 복잡하게 된다. 이러한 특성선법 해석의 어려움을 극복하고자 보다 간단하고 정확하게 경계조건을 처리할 수 있는 기법을 도입하였고 외부 유출 유량을 직접적으로 해석할 수 있는 방정식을 유도하였다. 또한 유도된 방정식을 이용하여 수격해석 모형을 개발하였으며 모형의 적용성 검토를 위해 여러 가지 외부유출 유량 경계조건을 가진 가상관망 및 26 개 관로를 가진 실제관망에 개발된 모형을 적용하였다. 본 모형의 모의결과는 Karney의 해석결과와 비교되었고 모든 시간대의 유량과 압력들을 잘 일치하고 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.293-293
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• 2018

관망내 흐름의 수치 모델링은 도시 침수 분석, 하수도 관의 손상 탐지 또는 하수도 시스템 설계와 같은 넓은 분야에 적용되는 매우 중요한 문제 중 하나이다. 관망내 흐름상태는 자유수표면이 존재하는 개수로 흐름과 자유수표면이 관내에 존재하지 않는 관수로 흐름, 그리고 개수로 흐름과 관수로 흐름의 경계지점에 혼합흐름상태가 존재한다. 개수로 흐름과 관수로 흐름의 해석을 위해서는 일반적으로 다른 지배방정식의 적용이 필요하며 이는 관망내 흐름해석을 어렵게 만드는 원인 중 하나가 된다. 이러한 어려움을 극복하기 위해서 관망의 흐름해석에는 일반적으로 Preissmann slot 모델이 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 그럼에도 불구하고, Preissmann slot 모델의 수치해석 시 수치진동으로 인한 수치적 불안정이 발생하기 쉬우며, 특히 개수로 흐름에서 관수로 흐름으로 넘어가는 혼합흐름상태에서 이러한 수치진동이 쉽게 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 수치진동은 수치적 불안정성을 유발할 뿐만 아니라, 해의 정확성을 크게 저하시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 Preissmann slot 모델의 새로운 수치기법을 제안하였다. Approximate Reimann flux solver와 Centred flux solver를 결합하여 하이브리드 해석기법을 개발하였다. 수지진동 발생하기 쉬운 실험들의 모의를 통하여 수치기법의 성능을 검증하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1103-1108
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• 2012

주증기관은 보일러와 터빈을 연결하는 주요계통이다. 운전조건으로 인한 배관시스템에 손상을 제한 할 수 있기 때문에 수격현상 해석은 중요하다. 배관시스템의 불안정한 유동에 의해 생성되는 수격현상은 압력의 과도한 변화, 진동 및 소음을 일으킬 수 있다. 주증기관 구조는 운전환경아래 압력맥동 및 여러 진동 등을 안전하게 견딜 수 있도록 설계되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 정지 및 정상 운전기간 동안 배관에 유입되는 수격현상을 과도조건에 적용하여 ASME 피로수명 방법론과 유한요소해석에 따라 주증기관의 구조건전성을 평가하였다. 계산된 교번응력 및 피로응력 평가 결과, ASME 피로수명의 허용요건을 만족하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제15권E호
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• pp.17-28
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• 1999

Gas-liquid contact tests above a perforated-plate were conducted with air and water at flooding gas-flow conditions in order to study two-phase flow characteristics in a limestone-gypsum SO2 absorber. Gas layers were in the form of air pockets and confined to the limited areas around each duct pipe, while the remaining tary area were in the wet condition. The liquid above the tray was always in the flooded and even fluidized conditions at gas flows over the range studied, although vigorous bubbly or churn-turbulent two-phase regime was only observed in the immediate vicinity of the gas hole exit at low gas loads. The froth zone was extremely active to provide intimate contact between gas and liquid so that the necessary mass transfer operation can take place, which is the primary purpose of high-performance SO2 absorbers. Howefer, the absorber $\Delta$P was 250mmH2O for the initial water level at 150mm, which is an important issue to be resolved for economical operation of the SO2 absorber. It was seen in the liquid level-and gas flow-transient tests that changes in the absorber liquid inventory were much more pronounced for intimate gas-liquid contact than changes in the gas flow. Based on the 4- and 8-duct pipe test results, grouping the duct pipes near the center of the test tray seemed to promote better recirulation of liquid from gas-liquid contact zone back to the reaction tank so that the absorbed SO2 can be neutralized.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4134-4145
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• 2022

The collimator is one of the high-heat-flux components used to avoid a series of vacuum and thermal problems. In this paper, the heat load distribution throughout the collimator is first calculated through experimental data, and a transient thermodynamic simulation analysis of the original model is carried out. The error of the pipe outlet temperature between the simulated and experimental values is 1.632%, indicating that the simulation result is reliable. Second, the model is optimized to improve the heat transfer performance of the collimator, including the contact mode between the pipe and the flange, the pipe material and the addition of a twisted tape in the pipe. It is concluded that the convective heat transfer coefficient of the optimized model is increased by 15.381% and the maximum wall temperature is reduced by 16.415%; thus, the heat transfer capacity of the optimized model is effectively improved. Third, to adapt the long-pulse steady-state operation of the experimental advanced superconducting Tokamak (EAST) in the future, steady-state simulations of the original and optimized collimators are carried out. The results show that the maximum temperature of the optimized model is reduced by 37.864% compared with that of the original model. The optimized model was changed as little as possible to obtain a better heat exchange structure on the premise of ensuring the consumption of the same mass flow rate of water so that the collimator can adapt to operational environments with higher heat fluxes and long pulses in the future. These research methods also provide a reference for the future design of components under high-energy and long-pulse operational conditions.