• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2010

Gas hydrates are solid solutions when water molecules are linked through hydrogen bonding and create host lattice cavities that can enclose many kinds of guest(gas) molecules. There are plenty of methane(gas) hydrate in the earth and distributed widely at offshore and permafrost. Several schemes, to produce methane hydrates, have been studied. In this study, depressurization method has been utilized for the numerical model due to it's simplicity and effectiveness. IMPES method has been used for numerical analysis to get the saturation and velocity profile of each phase and pressure profile, velocity of dissociation front progress and the quantity of produced gas. The values calculated for the sample length of 10m, show that methane hydrates has been dissolved completely in approximately 223 minutes and the velocity of dissociation front progress is 3.95㎝ per minute. The volume ratio of the produced gas in the porous media is found to be about 50%. Analysing the saturation profile and the velocity profile from the numerical results, the permeability of each phase in porous media is considered to be the most important factor in the two phase flow propagation. Consequently, permeability strongly influences the productivity of gas in porous media for methane hydrates.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 1994

KUNLITANG(建理湯) have been widely used in the disease of digestive system, which was based on the oriental references. In order to investigate the clinical effect of it, the experimental works were carried out with mice and rats. The following results have been obtained : 1. The analgesic effect in mice was recognized in acetic acid method. 2. The inhibitory effect on transfortation activity in small intestine of mice was recognized. 3. In the experiment to see the effects of KUNLITANG on the gastric juice in rats, volumn, free HCL and total acidity were decreased, pepsin activity was inhibited. Whi1e pH was increased by the administration of KUNLITANG, respectably. 4. In the experiment to see the effects of KUNLITANG on the gastric ulcers in rats, anti-ulcerative effects were recognized in Shay rats and induced by histamine or aspirine. 5. Spontaneous contraction in the isolated ileum in rats was inhibited. According to the above experimental results, it can be concluded that KUNLITANG are very effective on many gastrointestinal diseases of biwihehanheung(脾胃虛寒型)

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.34-40
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• 2009

$1m^3$ hydrate of pure methane can be decomposed to the maximum of $216m^3$ methane at standard condition. If these characteristics of hydrate are reversely utilized, natural gas is fixed into water in the form of hydrate solid. Therefore, the hydrate is considered to be a great way to transport and store natural gas in large quantity. Especially the transportation cost is known to be 18-24% less than the liquefied transportation. In the present investigation, experiments and theoretical calculation carried out for the formation of methane hydrate in NaCl 3.5wt% solution. The results show that the equilibrium pressure in seawater is more higher than that in pure water, and methane hydrate could be formed rapidly during pressurization if the subcooling is maintained at 9K or above in seawater and 8K or above in pure water, respectively. Also, amount of consumed gas volume in pure water is more higher that in seawater at the same experimental conditions. Therefore, it is found that NaCl acts as a inhibitor.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.924-928
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• 2006

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of Zusanli(ST 36) electro-acupuncture(EA) on the small intestinal motility in rat. The motor activity of the rat small intestine was evaluated by intestinal transfortation rate. Changes in the motility in vivo of ileum was measured before and 10 minutes after acupuncture. In order to examine whether EA effect was affected by stimulated duration and left or right sides of ST36 acupoint, both of the difference effects of left or right sides on acupoints of ST 36 and the stimulated duration of 10, 20, 30 min. were investigated on the motility in vivo of ileum. These results suggest that effect of Zusanli(ST36) for increasing the small intestinal motility should stimulate more than 20 minutes, left ST36 EA has stronger effect than right ST36 EA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.191-193
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• 2022

The advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution due to the trigger of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data has caused many changes in society, culture, and industry. However, traditional markets in each region are not responding quickly to new distribution environments and consumer changes. In particular, in the case of traditional markets in Jeju, regional characteristics such as marketing strategies for tourists visiting Jeju have not been utilized. Therefore, this study proposes the establishment of a smart traditional market based on big data and artificial intelligence that utilizes the regional characteristics of Jeju. The research contents include customer profiling through visitor big data analysis, providing tourist movement results through traffic analysis, providing real-time popular product charts, and developing video-based fire and crime prevention functions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.265-279
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• 1993

The channel of distribution exists for the purpose of moving product from the manufactuerer to the final consumer. In order to satisfy consumer needs, channels provide for the those products to arrive at the right place, at the right time and in the quantity, quality and price desired. Currently, there has been an emerging interest in the improvement of distribution system in many areas of industries and Korean government because of a market liberalizatiion begun at 1989 and still has processed step by step. In the wave of market liberalization, an understanding of the channel of distribution and structure would be very crucial when developing the opportunities of competitive advantages in Korean apparel industry. The purposes of this study were to investigate the determinants of the distribution channel and to identify how to respond to the market liberalization for developing the possible future strategies in the apparel industry. Data for this study were obtained from interviews with managers in apparel company in addition to a questionnaire mailed to over 106 middle management position of apparel company. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1. In the distribution channel of the apparel industry, a vertical marketing system, comprising producer, apparel company, retailer, prevailed without intermediaries such as wholesalers or vendors. Especially, the apparel company controlled marketing channel members. This type of system may reflect added product cost and may be not advantageous to retailers and consumers because most apparel companies are responsible for its own transfortation, storage and stocks after season. 2. In the view of market liberalization, most apparrel companies showed double-edged viewpoints. In terms of positive aspect, it would give stimulus to broaden variety of fashion merchandise and to improve product quality of fashion merchanise which were the most disadvantageous factors in competing with oversea's brands. In terms of negative aspect, it would bring the bankruptcy of small or medium sized apparel firms and the foreign products' penetration in domestic market. From this study, severel recommedations were suggested forward to improve the present condition in apparel industry. They included eliminating the power of apparel company and reinforcing middlemen for more efficient distribution system and for satisfying consumer needs in rapidly changing environment. Also it included government supports, reinforcement of information system, improvement in channel structure, and career development program in conjunction with apparel companies and academic society for improving scientific management and future potential strategies in Korean apparal industry.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.847-851
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• 2008

The handling and processing of agricultural products in Korea is done manually. Small plastic boxes, nets, and corrugated cardboard boxes are used as containers during harvesting, sorting and other product handling operations. However, these practices are labor-intensive, time-consuming, require various kinds of packing materials, and are expensive because of high operating costs. To overcome these problems, the use of pallet bins with pre-cooling and storage features for handling and processing bulk farm products was investigated. The airflow resistances through bulk potato, onion and mandarin stocks were measured, and the pallet bins and a pressure pre-cooling device were manufactured. The opening ratio, bed depth and airflow rate through bulk potato, onion and mandarin in the pallet bin were defined with regression equations. The cooling rates of bulk potato, onion and mandarin were 0.8C/h ($21.7{\rightarrow}0C$, 14.5 h), 0.4C/h ($15.4{\rightarrow}.0C$, 32.2 h) and 0.7C/h ($13.7{\rightarrow}C$, 18.8 h), respectively, with the pressure pre-cooling system. Temperature deviances for storage of bulk potato, onion and mandarin were 0.12C, 0.12C and 0.17C, respectively.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

Chicken Mx protein (cMx) induced interferon (IFN) is an antiviral protein to inhibit replication of RNA virus, particularly negative stranded RNA virus, through blockage of transfortation of viral RNA and proteins. In order to determine antiviral effects of cMx from different MHC haplotype chicken, we characterized cMx gene by studying on nucleotide sequencing, antiviral effects to Newcastle disease virus, VSV and MDV, and transcription activities. Three types of eMx genes (2,118 bp) were detected from the different MHC haplotype chickens [B19 (N), B15(F) and B21 (GSP)] chickens, which have showed different susceptible to Marek's disease (MD). Several amino acid substitutions were showed in the cMx. The amino acid 548 and 631 in the cMxs from N and F, chickens susceptible to MD, was Val and Asn which was important on antiviral effects, and showed in resistant cMx. Those in the cMx from GSP, chicken resistant to MD, were same that showed in susceptible cMx. Though every cMx transactivated the expression of the reporter gene, the transcription activation by resistant cMx from N and F was lower compared to that by susceptible cMx from GSP. The decease of the cell growth in the resistant cMx cloned cells was seen in comparison with another cMx clone cells. Replication of NDV and VSV was suppressed in the clones with resistant cMx from N and F. NMx258-transducted cells lack of antiviral effects, and NMx437 or NMx646-transducted cells was showed 60% of antiviral effects compared to NMx705. Mean death time (MDT) and hemaggutination (HA) titer to NDV was long and low in the eggs of N and F lines, but short and high in the egg of GSP line. Interestingly, strong suppression to NDV was observed in the clone with N-Mx and in the eggs of N line. However, the effects of Mx for replication of vvMDV1 have not been. Thus, resistant types of cMx, N- and F-Mx, have showed the anti-viral effects to only RNA virus including NDV and VSV, but not to DNA virus. Antiviral effects of cMx were required whole length of amino acid including Val and Asn in amino acid 548 and 631.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.166-176
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• 1996

This is a study through survey with the purpose of analysing of treatment cost for arthritis. Treatment cost can be devided Into two characteristics, one is the direct cost and the other is the indirect cost. Direct cost contains fees of medical treatment Including cost of self treatment & purchsing price of herb durg. On the other hand indirect cost means the using money of tansportation, lodging charge & labor-losing-time cost. For the succession of medical treatment of chronic diseases patients have to control themselves to go shopping around for the cure remeadies. And also it is important that the cost for unefficient or probably hamful folk remeadies should be reduced in order to distribute appropriatively the limited financial resources. As the result of this study, the fees for self treatment & herb drug are two times as much as those of regural medical treatment. Within the direct cost, there are the mean cost of regural medical treatment 59,630 won/mon., self-treatment 42,790 won/mon., and herb drug 78,380won/mon. therefore total mean direct cost is 180,800won per month. Moreover patients intermittently pay the cost of prostheses If folk remedies, these are added to the direct cost as above mentioned. Attributes of folk remedies are various from cure & analgesics to nutrients and their virtues as medicine are not clear in view of scientific knowledge. But 56% of arthritis patients have ever been experienced folk remedies. the cost for these remedies has wide ranges from 40,000 won to 1,000,000won. Total mean indirect cost including the transfortation fee, lodging charge & labor-losing-time cost has the range from 82,825won/month to 106,150won/month. Among these cost, labor-losing-time cost has a mojority because the waiting times are too long for seeing a doctor. In conclusion those patients having arthritis have a large burden against the treatment cost for continuous care. Therefore health professional should make effort to guide the patient to determine themselves informed choice about the treatment process.