• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

Objectives: This study investigates lay beliefs about the etiology and treatments of tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome, as well as identifying sociodemographic and personality variables affecting these beliefs among South Koreans. Methods: In total, 673 participants (mean age $41.77{\pm}12.03$ years) completed an online survey regarding their beliefs about tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome. The factors related to their lay beliefs about the disorders were analyzed, and the correlates were investigated. Results: Results indicated that lay people in South Korea held strong beliefs that the causes of tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome lie within the parenting/psychological and neurological/biological categories, compared to the dietary/environmental one. Among the sociodemographic variables, sex, age, and levels of subjective mental health knowledge were primarily associated with the aforementioned beliefs. Familiarity with tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome was also associated with these beliefs. Among the personality traits investigated, extraversion and conscientiousness had significant influences on the beliefs people had about tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome. Conclusion: The results suggest that both policy makers and mental health service providers should adopt a strategic approach for developing and implementing health education interventions about tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome because individual sociodemographic variables, familiarity with the disorders, and personality traits are all associated with the beliefs about these disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애가 같은 원인을 갖는 동일한 스펙트럼상의 장애인지, 아니면 표면적인 증상은 유사하지만 기저의 원인은 다른 별개의 장애인지를 규명하고자, 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애 집단이 심리검사 반응상에서 서로 구분되는 특성이 있는지를 알아보았다. 서울대학병원 소아정신과를 내원한 6세 이상 13세 이하와 환아들 중에서 소아정신과 의사에 의해 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애로 진단을 받았던 환아들(틱 집단 : N=29 ; 뚜레뜨 집단, N=10)이 본 연구에서 포함되었다. 두 집단의 심리 검사 반응 특성을 비교한 결과, 뚜레뜨 장애가 만성 운동성 틱 장애보다 더 신경학적인 문제와 관련되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 뚜레뜨 장애 아동들이 만성 운동성 틱 장애 아동들보다 사회적 적응에 더 어려움이 있고, 정서적인 영향에 더 취약성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 만성 운동성 틱 장애보다 뚜레뜨 장애에 신경학적 요인, 불안이나 스트레스와 같은 정서적 요인, 그리고 기질적인 요인간의 복잡한 상호작용이 더 관련되어 있을 가능성을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점 및 뚜레뜨 장애와 주의력결핍 과잉활동 장애간의 공통병리에 대한 연구의 필요성이 논의되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2014

Tic disorder is a childhood neuropsychological disorder characterized by abrupt, involuntary, and repetitive stereotyped muscle movement or vocal sound. Tourette's disorder shows a chronic prognosis, and can last for life if no treatment is applied. Although tic disorder has been known for ages, the underlying cause is still not well known. Non-pharmacological treatments have long been used for the tic disorder, but few clinical studies were conducted. However, the European Society for the Study of Tourette's Syndrome recently issued non-pharmacologic guidelines for treatment of tic disorders based on the research findings obtained so far. In addition, guidelines for non-pharmacologic evidence-based treatment were reported in Canada, North America. By synthesizing the newly reported foreign guidelines for treatment and review articles, the aim of this study is to investigate the non-pharmacologic therapies used for treatment of tic disorder or Tourette's disorder.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2007

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report a case of transient tic disorder, chronic motor tic disorder, and Tourette's disorder of the children who treated by herbal medicine. Methods We treated the tic-disorder children with herbal medicine (Samchulgeonbitang, Oyaksun- gisankamibang, Cheonggan-soyosan), and we evaluated tic disorder cases by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). Results We treated a tic-disorder patients with herbal medicine and we had some good effects on a patients who had transient tic disorder, chronic motor tic disorder, and Tourette's disorder. The patients' symptomswere improved and the YGTSS also decreased. Conclusions Herbal medicine works well especially for tic-disorder, and active medical treatments are the most important thing for Transient tic disorder.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2009

Objectives : Tourette disorder is known to be a disease with a strong genetic trait. There has been some recent research on the relationship between the allelic frequency distribution and Tourette disorder. In Korea, the relationship between the genetic type and the alleles for the COMT gene has been studied in Tourette patients. Methods : Seventy two patients who were diagnosed with Tourette disorder according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected for this study. The diagnosis and clinical features were confirmed by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. For the control group, the parents of the patients were chosen. Blood samples were taken from the 289 subjects. DNA was extracted from the blood lymphocytes and PCR was performed for assessing COMT gene. Results : On comparing the Tourette disorder transmitted group and the not-transmitted group, no significant difference was seen between the COMT genetic type and the allelic distribution. Conclusion : Even though this result is viewed that there is no relationship between Tourette disorder and the COMT gene, it is difficult to firmly accept this negative result. Follow up studies with a larger patient population or pure subgroups are expected in the future.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-19
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• 2012

Objectives: Therapeutic effect of Yinyang Balancing Appliance of functional cerebrospinal therapy (FCST) for meridian and neurologic yinyang balance was observed in Tourette's Disorder. Methods: Two Tourette's Disorder cases were managed with the Yinyang Balancing Appliance on temporomandibular joint (TMJ), combined with acupuncture. Clinical outcome measurement was based on subjective measures and clinical observations. Results: The patients showed positive changes even after the initial treatment and this effect maintained over the follow-up period. Conclusions: Although it is not clear the effect is a sustaining or temporary in its nature, a positive effect was observed and further clinical and biological research on FCST is expected.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2008

Although most of flutter of palpebranum (part of Tourette's disorder) was though to be functional and psychogenic emotional disorder, author has understood that it was organic disease due to abnormal interaction of Heart Gall bladder according to many clinical experience. The confirmation was accomplished by four examinations, pulse, meridian and it was supplemented by ECG because it was surely to correlate with the wave of ECG. The treatment was done medically by prescirbing mainly O pe san, samsoyeum, zagumhuan and good result was obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2019

Most patients with Tourette's disorder experience an uncomfortable sensory phenomenon called the premonitory urge immediately before experiencing tics. It has been suggested that premonitory urges are associated with comorbidities such as obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, although these associations have been inconsistent. Most patients experience tics as a result of the premonitory urges, and after the tics occur, most patients report that the premonitory urges are temporarily relieved. As a consequence, several studies have assessed the premonitory urge and its potential therapeutic utility. Based on the concept that the premonitory urge induces tics, behavioral treatments such as Exposure and Response Prevention and Habit Reversal Therapy have been developed. However, it is still unclear whether habituation, the main mechanism of these therapies, is directly related to their effectiveness. Moreover, the observed effects of pharmacological treatments on premonitory urges have been inconsistent.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.134-137
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• 1998

Authors report a case of separation anxiety disorder, which developed as a side effect during haloperidol treatment of Tourette syndrome(TS). In this case, 14 years old boy developed attention deficit symptoms during his infancy. At 4th grade of primary school, he developed vocal tic, motor tic, and coprolalia. With 5mg/day of haloperidol treatment his symptoms of TS were subsided. During the treatment, he developed features of separation anxiety disorder, including dependence, pleading, clinging, and sadness. Symptoms of attention deficit and separation anxiety disorder were improved by 25mg/day of imipramine treatment. During haloperidol treatment of TS, careful observation may be needed whether separation anxiety disorder-like symptom develops.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2005

뚜렛 장애는 음성틱과 운동틱을 특징으로 하는 소아기의 대표적인 신경발달학적 행동장애이다. 소아기 발병 강박장애는 강박장애의 한 아형으로써 틱장애와의 연관성이 알려져 있다. 두 질환은 처음 진단시, $40\~75\%$에서 서로 공존질환으로서 발견되며, 유전학적으로도 관련성이 있으며 신경해부학적으로도 피질-선초체-시상 회로(cortico-striato-thalmic circuit)의 이상이 보고되며 증상적인 면에서도 유사점이 발견되고 있다. 최근 10여년 동안 틱장애와 소아기 발병 강박장애 영역에서는 놀라울 정도로 많은 연구들이 진행되었다. 본 연구는 뚜렛 장애를 포함하는 틱장애와, 소아 청소년 발병 강박 장애에서 1) 임상 양상 2) 유전학 및 역학 연구 3) 뇌영상 연구 4)신경화학 5) 연쇄구균 감염 관련 소아기 자가면역성 신경정신과적 질환(pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection : PANDAS)에 대해 고찰하고자 한다.