• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2008

For the use of salmon frame in zero emission, the snack using residues of salmon Gomtang was prepared and investigated on the food component characterization. According to the results of volatile basic nitrogen, water activity and sensory evaluation, the optimal substitution ratio of residues was 15% based on the mix. Total amino acid content was higher in the snack (14.8 g/100 g) with 15% residues than in snack (9.8 g/100 g) without residues. The major amino acids of the residues-added snack were aspartic acid (9.9%), glutamic acid (14.7%) and proline (9.5%). The snack with 15% residues were enriched in the mineral (calcium and phosphorus) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) compared to those of snack without residues.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1986

This study was conducted to research the industrial utilizaion of the maize germs separated in the manufacture of the cornstarch. The maize germs contained crude protein (25.3%) and crude fat (19.2%), with the 512 Kcal/100g of determined food energy values. It was found to have the valuable amounts of essential minerals, such as the content of calcium and phosphorus were low (53.0, 12.3mg%), while those of potassium (495.4mg%), magnesium (95.0mg%), zinc (48.3ppm) and manganese (45.2ppm) were plentiful. It was noted that the iodine value was 44.0, saponification value 292.3, acid value 1.5 and peroxide value about 3.3. The lipid fractions obtained by silicic acid column chromatography were mainly composed of neutral lipid, whereas, the contents of glycolipid and phospholipid were scarcely. The major fatty acids in total lipids were linoleic $(60{\sim}62.5%)$, oleic $(20{\sim}22.5%)$ and palmitic $(10{\sim}13.5%)$ acids. The content of the unsaturated fatty acids was more predominant than that of the saturated fatty acids. The content of the insoluble proteinous nitrogen (32.5%) was the most abundant. whereas, the contents of soluble proteinous nitrogen (12.7%) and peptide proteinous nitrogen (3.3%) were low. The major amino acids of the maized germs were glutamic, glycine, alanine and aspartic. It has been identified by the SDS-disc electrophoresis that the protein of maized germs had $5{\sim}6$ bands. Compared with standard substances, the molecular weight of the main protein was estimated to be $14,500{\sim}24,500$.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.951-963
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eating behaviors, the self-perception of body images, the hematological indices and the nutrient intake of adolescent female athletes in Incheon. The subjects were 112 female athletes(track and fleld: n=32, target shooting: n=27, fencing n=29, swimming: n=14, badminton: n=10) from middle and high schools in Incheon. This cross-sectional study was conducted by means of a sol(-administered questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), ferritin, serum iron, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (TS). Nutrient intakes obtained by means of the 3 day-recall method were analyzed using the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 10.0 program. Most of the female athletes had dietary problems such as eating unbalanced meals, skipping meals, and preferences for processed foods. More than 60% of the female athletes skipped breakfast. As for perception of their body images, track and field athletes in particular, controlled their weights significantly better than the other athletes (p<0.05). With regard to their physical exertion during exercise, 56.3% of the swimmers and 31.3% of the track and field athletes answered “very hard”, which was a significant difference (p< 0.001). More than 80% of the female athletes experienced vertigo during exercise (p< 0.01). Also more than 50% of the female athletes, with the exception of the badminton players, had experienced irregular menstruation (p<0.05). The average serum iron levels (p<0.05), the serum ferritin levels (p<0.05) and TS (p<0.05) of the track and field athletes was significantly lower as compared to that of the other athletes. The nutrient intakes of the female athletes, with the exception of Vitamin B$_{6}$, niacin and phosphorus were lower than the Korean Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA). In particular, the calcium and iron intakes of the female athletes were under 50% of the Korean RDA. Therefore, proper nutritional education and supplementation are required for female athletes to encourage desirable eating habits, as well as to improve their nutritional status and exercise performances.s.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.255-263
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• 2013

This study was carried out to evaluate degradation status of forest trails by analysis of soil physical and chemical properties in Mt. Jiri area of Gyeongnam province. Soil texture was loam in the forest area and sandy loam in the forest trails. Soil bulk density was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the forest trails (1.15 g/$cm^3$) than in the forest area (1.00 g/$cm^3$). The rates of pore space were lower in the forest trails (56.6%) than in the forest area (62.4%). Soil moisture content was significantly different (P>0.05) between the forest trails (13.3%) and the forest area (11.3%) Soil strength was higher at 5 cm of soil depth than at 10 cm of soil depth. It indicates that soil compaction by visitors could be affected at 5 cm of soil depth. Soil strength over 30 cm of soil depth was not significantly different between the forest trails and the forest areas. The content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable cations were lower in the forest trails compared with the optimum content of forest soils because of soil erosion with increasing visitors. These results indicate that it needs a counterplan to protect forest trails from overcrowded visitors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1484-1490
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• 2006

This study was carried out to prepare spaghetti sauce with adductor muscle of pearl oyster (SSAM) and to compare with commercial spaghetti sauce (CSS). From the results of organic acid, pH, hunter color value and sensory evaluation, the optimal addition ratio of adductor muscle of pearl oyster was 11% based for preparing SSAM and reasonable $F_0$ value was about 4 min for keeping storage of SSAM. The proximate composition of SSAM was 69.8% for moisture, 3.7% for protein, 4.2% for crude lipid and 3.4% for crude ash. SSAM was superior in sensory flavor and texture to CSS. There was, however, no significant difference (p<0.05) in sensory color between CSS and SSAM. The total amino acid content (3,033.4 mg/100 g) of SSAM was higher than that (2,305.7 mg/100 g) of CSS and the major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and lysine. Calcium and phosphorus contents in SSAM were 48.5 mg/100 g and 27.1 mg/100 g, respectively. Calcium level based on phosphorous was 1.78, which was a good ratio for absorbing calcium. The free amino acid content and taste value of SSAM were 989.4 mg/100 g and 141.04 mg/100 g, respectively These results suggested that the major taste active compounds among free amino acid were glutamic acid and aspartic acid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1475-1483
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• 2006

This study was carried out to examine the optimum processing conditions of seasoned semi-dried oyster, and to investigate its food component characteristics. Three types of semi-dried oyster were prepared: semi-dried oyster prepared without seasoning and coating (C), seasoned semi-dried oyster without coating (S) and seasoned semi-dried oyster coated with alginate (SA). SA was high in moisture (48.6%), while low in lipid (2.8%), and crude protein (25.9%) compared to those of C and S. Hardness and sensory scores of SA were $209.8g/cm^2$ and $3.9\sim4.5$ points, respectively. Total amino acid content (24,299 mg/100 g) of SA was lower than that (27,181 mg/100 g) of C, and the major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and Lysine. The major fatty acids of SA were 16:0 (25.5%) as saturates and EPA (23.5%) and DHA (9.3%) as polyenes. Calcium and phosphorus contents of SA were 42.6 mg/100 g and 245.5 mg/100 g, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.6
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• pp.657-662
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in soil chemical properties after thinning for a Quercus acuta stand in Wan-do Arboretum, Jeollanam-do. The stem density after thinning was determined referring to that of Quercus acutissima with 10 cm diameter at breast height and soil samples were collected 7 years after thinning. There was no considerable difference in soil pH values after thinning. However, the concentrations of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus significantly increased after thinning. In addition, thinning significantly increased cation exchange capacity (C.E.C) and the concentrations of exchangeable cations ($K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$). From this study, it was revealed that the nutrient concentrations of this study site were generally lower than those of other forest soils. Therefore, it is need to improve the warm temperate forests through thinning and to develop forest treatment for regeneration.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.24 no.4 s.65
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• pp.231-238
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• 1986

Molecular orbital theoretical study on the stability of conformations and chemical reactivity of 0,0-diethylphenylphosphate derivatives were carried out by EHT and CNDO/2 molecular orbital calculation method. The results shown that the dipole moment(${\mu}$) and total energies of the ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ conformer were ${\mu}=3.185D\;&\;E_t=-162.6479(au)$ and also that of the ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$ conformer were ${\mu}=5.596D\;&\;E_t=-162.4013(au)$, respectively. Therefore, the values of ${\mu}\;&\;E_t$ of the ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ conformer were much smaller than that of the ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$ conformer. The form with angle of rotation ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ of phenyl ring was shown to be most stable and this was interpreted in terms of electrostatic and steric effect. 0,0-diethylphenylphosphate derivatives are predicted to increase both charge and orbital controlled $SN_2$ reactivity of the electron withdrawing substituent reduces the HOMO & LUMO energy, while the electron withdrawing substituent due to increase in positive charge of phosphorus atom of phosphate molecule.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.114-114
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• 1997

항만개발 사업은 매립이나 준설과 같은 해안선과 해저지형을 변화시키는 공사가 이루어지며 이는 조석조류 현상의 변화를 유발하게 된다. 특히 해안지형이 복잡한 항만이나 하구에서는 변화정도가 크게 나타나며 방파제나 선박접안 시설과 같은 항내 구조물을 축조 할 경우에도 조석조류 변화가 야기된다. 조석조류 현상의 변화는 해양 수질과 생물상에 영 향을 줄뿐만 아니라 인접한 육지에 이르기까지 크다란 피해를 유발할 수가 있다. 창조시 해 수를 육지로 범람하게 하거나 퇴적이나 침식조건을 변화시킬 수도 있으며 오염물질이 외해 로 확산되는 과정을 방해하고 해양생물의 서식조건을 악화시켜 부근 해역의 어업에 피해를 유발할 수도 있다. 또한 해안 공사 과정에 해수로 유입되는 토사나 항만 이용시에 배출되는 폐수 등이 항내 수질과 생태계를 변화시킬 수 있다. 따라서 조석조류와 수질변화를 사전에 예측하고 이를 최소화하는 방안이 강구되어야 한다. 조석조류와 수질 변화를 사전에 예측하 는 방법으로 축소모형 실험과 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션이 사용된다. 축소모형 실험은 현장을 재현 하는데 많은 경비와 시간이 소모되며 예측에 한계가 있다. 반면에 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션은 대 상해역의 지형과 조류 그리고 수질특성에 적합하게 모델을 개발할 경우 예측력이 매우 높기 때문에 현재 가장 널리 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 유한 요소법에 기초하여 미국 공병단 (United States Army Corps of Engineers)에서 개발한 TABS-2 모델을 이용하여 온산항에 서 시행되는 부두건설에 따른 조석조류 및 수질변화를 시뮬레이션하였다. 측정된 자료로 모 델 계수를 보정하고 검증하였으며 항내 매립과 준설이 이루어질 때 나타나는 조위와 조속변 화를 예측하였다. 매립과 준설공사시 유출되는 토사가 조석조류현상에 따라 이동 확산되는 범위와 농도분포를 예측하였다.ophobic components)은 75~80%, 친수성 물질(hydrophilic components)은 30~33%정도의 분포를 보였고, 전염소 및 전오존 공정을 거친 처리수에서는 각각 62.2-62.8%, 43.9~49.0% 및 50~ 55%, 40~57% 정도의 분포를 보였다. 그리고 웅집-침전을 거친 처리수에서는 그 분포가 77~82%, 24-48%였다. 전주리 공정을 통하여 소수성 물질(byoghobic components)의 분포가 감 소하는 것을 볼 때 전염소 및 전오존 처리가 용존유기물의 응집에는 오히려 역 효과를 나타내는 것으로 판단된다. 것으로 판단된다.여 황토 2g에 대하여 Hieltijes and Lijklema 방법에 의해 Adsorbed-p, Nonapatite inorganic-P(NAI-P), Apatite-p, Organic-P로 구분하여 분석하고, 총인(Total Phosphorus)을 Standard Methods에 따라 Persulfate digestion후 0.45 m membrane 여지 여과하여 여액에 대해 PO3-4-P의 농도를 Ascorbic Acid 법으로 측정한 결과, NAI-P가 가장 큰 비율을 차지하였고, 부원료로 첨가된 금속 양이온 중 Fe3-이온이 흡착에 기여하는 정도가 가장 큰 것으로 평가되었다.다당류 T-AS의 보체 활성화 기작은 classical과 alternative complement pathway의 양 경로를 통해 활성화 되었다. T-AS 분획은 mouse내의 특정 혈청단백을 증가시켰으며, 항체 생성능의 증가가 관찰되어 effect T 세포의 활성화가 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. T-AS는 생체내 투여시에 대식세포의 탐식능이 증진되었으며, 대식세포 기능 저해제에 의한 대식세포의 기능 저해 현상이 회복되었다. 이와 같은 결과들로부터, T-AS의 항암 활성은 활성

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2010

This study intended to investigate environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of four different habitats of Abelia tyaihyoni. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located at elevations of 203 m to 297 m with angles of inclination ranging from 9 degrees to 17 degrees. The litter depth of habitats is 2 cm to 5 cm. A total of 113 vascular plant taxa are identified in seven quadrates of the four habitats. The life form of 113 species is H-$D_4$-$R_5$-e type. The importance value of Abelia tyaihyoni is 39.61%, and 4 highly ranked species such as Quercus dentata (6.27%), Spiraea blumei, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora (4.04%) and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (3.84%) are considered to be an affinity with Abelia tyaihyoni in their habitats. The dominant species of woody plants in the four habitats are represented as Pinus densiflora (21.22%) and Quercus dentata (16.82%) in the subtree layer (T2), and Carex humilis var. nana (18.95%) and Carex lanceolata (17.63%) in the herbaceous layer (H). The degree of their average species diversity is 1.42, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.07 and 0.86, respectively. The type of soil is sandy loam, clay loam and loam, and the average field capacity of soil is 22.49%. Their average organic matter is 9.39%, soil pH 6.75, and available phosphorus is $1.23 {\mu}g/g$.