• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1681-1689
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• 2011

The beneficial effects of tea catechins (TCs) are related not only to their antioxidant potential but also to the improvement of animal meat quality. In this study, we assessed the effects of dietary TC supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters, hormone responses, and glutathione redox status in goats. Forty Liuyang goats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 animals/group) that were assigned to four experimental diets with TC supplementation at 4 levels (0, 2,000, 3,000 or 4,000 mg TC/kg DM feed). After a 60-day feeding trial, all goats were slaughtered and sampled. Dietary TC treatment had no significant effect on blood biochemical parameters, however, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.001), triglyceride (p<0.01), plasma urea nitrogen (p<0.01), and glucose (p<0.001) decreased and total protein (p<0.01) and albumin (p<0.05) increased with the feeding time extension, and day 20 was the turning point for most of changes. Interactions were found in glutathione (p<0.001) and the ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione (p<0.05) in whole blood between treatment and feeding time. Oxidized glutathione in blood was reduced (p<0.05) by 2,000 mg TC/kg feed supplementation, and a similar result was observed in longissimus dorsi muscle. Though plasma glutathione peroxidase (p<0.01) and glutathione reductase (p<0.05) activities were affected by treatment and feeding time interactions, and glutathione S-transferases activity increased with feeding day extension, no changed values appeared in longissimus dorsi muscle. In conclusion, dietary TC supplementation affected the concentrations of some blood metabolites and accelerated GSH depletion in the blood of goats. In terms of less high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the highest insulin and IGF-I concentrations, the highest ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione in plasma, the dosage of 2,000 mg TC/kg feed might be desirable for growing goats to prevent glutathione depletion and keep normal physiological metabolism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.725-730
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• 2010

The differences between organic and conventional rice were studied from the point of view of quality, physiochemical property and functionality. It was concluded that organic rice showed a 6% lower complete rice ratio than conventional rice. However, organic rice exhibited more excellent physiochemical property on amylose or protein content, Toyo value, and acidity with 17.5%, 6.6%, 8.12%, and 8.7%, respectively. There was no difference between two kinds of rice on alkali digestion value and amino acids contents such as Asp, Ser, Glu, Ala, Leu, Arg. Among inorganic compounds of rice, four compounds including B, Mn, Fe, or Zn were slightly higher at organic rice with 1.1~2.7 mg/100 g, compared to conventional rice. Interestingly, total phenolic acid and phytic acid content were 89% or 23% higher at organic rice than conventional rice, respectively. MeOH extract from organic rice showed higher antioxidant activity with 26% than that of conventional rice with 22%. In contrast, conventional rice was favored than organic rice on stickness, taste, palatability fields at sensory evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.1940-1948
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• 2013

This study is conducted to investigate the antioxidative effect of oyster hydrolysates in the serum and liver of SD-rats through the determination of lipid content, production of free radicals and antioxidant enzyme activities. Two different hydrolysates, Protamex-treated and Neutrase-treated hydrolysate with the cross-linking of protein by transglutaminase (TGPN group) and without (PN group), were fed for 6 weeks. TGPN hydrolysate in serum and liver significantly decreased the total cholesterol in the range of 26.1% to 28.9%, and triglyceride in the liver of up to 6.3%. Superoxide radical in the serum and lipid peroxide radical in the liver were significantly decreased in SD-rats fed 200 mg TGPN hydrolysate. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased in the liver of SD-rats. These results indicate that TGPN hydrolysate could scavenge the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, and reduce the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The TGPN is also protected the oxidation of protein by the free radicals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2013

The nutrients and antioxidative activities of fruits and leaves from Metasequoia glyptostroboides were investigated to provide basic data for the future development of functional foods. The nitrogen-free extract contents of fruit and leaves were 69.04% and 50.47%, respectively. Total phenolic content was higher in leaves (21.75 mg/GAE g) compared to the fruit (19.95 mg/GAE g). The mineral components of fruit and leaves mainly consisted of calcium (2,136.08 and 304.85 mg/100 g, respectively), potassium (1,355.53 and 1,144.04 mg/100 g, respectively), and phosphorous (426.30 and 350.50 mg/100 g, respectively). In terms of amino acid composition, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, and leucine were relatively high, but methionine and cystine were low. The hot water extract from leaves was a more potent free radical-scavenger and had higher reducing activities than extracts from fruit. Thus, phenolics of M. glyptostroboides leaves can be utilized as an effective functional food substance for its natural antioxidant properties.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.701-707
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• 2016

The charantin contents of leaves, stems, female and male flowers, and fruits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) were analyzed at different harvest seasons to investigate the availability of potential edible parts other than fruits. The charantin contents of fruits ranged from 14.7 to $16.0mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry weight (DW) and those of leaves ranged from 131.4 to $138.0mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$, which was eight times higher than in fruits. The charantin contents of female and male flowers and stems were also significantly higher than those of the fruits. The ratio of total charantin content was highest in leaves (48%) of DW, followed by female flowers (20-21%), male flowers (14%), stems (12-13%), and fruits (5%). The charantin contents of fruits harvested 14 days after fruit setting was higher in June to mid-July (20.2 to $23.3mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$) than in late July to late August (13.3 to $19.4mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$). The higher the fruit weight, the lower the charantin contents, which showed that a negative correlation exists between fruit weight and charantin contents in bitter gourd. These results suggest that to obtain bitter gourd fruits with high charantin contents, fruits should be harvested until mid-July when fruit growth is fast and temperature is high. In addition, leaves, stems, and female and male flowers of bitter gourd can be used as for food, which are known to reduce blood sugar level.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2006

This study was designed to investigate the physicochemical properties of the Sargassum thunbergii, by measuring general composition, minerals, amino acid, free sugar, peroxide value(POV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS). The contents of crude protein and crude lipid in Sargassum thunbergii were $15.7{\pm}0.8%\;and\;0.9{\pm}0.4%$, respectively. Total content of amino acids was 5,635.5 mg/100 g. The glutamic aid($1,071.3{\pm}1.8mg/100g$) content was the highest, followed by aspartic acid($645.9{\pm}1.4mg/100g$) and phenylalaine ($470.1{\pm}1.4mg/100g$). Galactose and mannose of all free sugar showed the highest values $40.2{\pm}0.5mg/100g\;and\;22.3{\pm}0.4mg/100g$. All solvent extracts of Sargassum thunbergii showed lower POV than ascorbic acid, and chloroform extracts showed the strongest antioxidant activity(4.0 meq/kg) at 12 hours storage. TBARS of chloroform extract were 2.8 mg MDA/L in $FeCl_2$ and 0.9 mg MDA/L in $CuSO_4$ oxygen species.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2016

A total of 144 one-day-old male broilers (ROSS ${\times}$ Ross 308) ($42{\pm}0.1g$) were used in a completely randomized design and allotted to one of three dietary treatments to give 6 replicates per treatment (8 birds per cage). The three watery dietary treatments were 1) a corn-soybean meal-based relation [Negative control (NC); no antimicrobial compounds added] with tab water, 2) 8 ppm liquid-alpha-lipoic acid [Positive control (PC)] or 3) 100 ppm liquid-resveratrol. All dietary treatments were continuously provided as a liquid form. Birds were housed in a battery cage (n=48), and were offered liquid dietary treatments at all times. The ambient temperature was maintained at $32{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for the first 3 weeks and decreased gradually to $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ by the end of the experiment (d 35) to induce moderate heat stress. One bird per pen (n=6) was euthanized via cervical dislocation at day 21 to obtain terminal ileum to measure villous height and crypt depth, while another bird per pen (n=6) was similarly euthanized at day 35 and used to harvest breast meat and drumsticks to evaluate meat quality traits. Birds fed liquid-resveratrol did not improve (P>0.05) body weight and average daily gain compared with those fed other dietary treatments from day 1 to day 35. Birds fed liquid-resveratrol had no effect (P>0.05) on villous height compared with birds were in other dietary treatments at day 21. Liquid-resveratrol had no effect (P>0.05) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in drumsticks compared with other dietary treatments at day 35. Furthermore, birds fed liquid-resveratrol had no effect (P>0.05) on DPPH radical scavenging activity both in breast meat and drumsticks compared with those fed other dietary treatments at day 35. Morphological changes of ileum were not observed by immunofluorescence, and the level of occludin protein from ileum extracts also did not differ among groups. Our results suggested that liquid form of antioxidant compounds used in the current study such as alpha-lipoic acid (8 ppm) or resveratrol (100 ppm) did not improve growth performance, meat quality traits and histology of terminal ileum compared with those fed negative control in broiler chickens under moderate heat stress for 35 days.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.499-505
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to study the characteristics of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) beef fed without mugwort (T0) and Hanwoo beef fed with mugwort (T1) during storage at$3{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 50 days. During cold storage, $a^*$ and $b^*$ value of meat color for T1 decreased slowly compared to those of T0, there was significant difference between T0 and T1 after 40 days (p<0.01). The shear force value of T0 and T1 decreased (p<0.001), and the drip loss and cooking loss of T0 and T1 increased (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between T0 and T1. During refrigeration period, the volatile basic nitrogen contents of T1 slowly increased compared to T0, there was significant difference between T0 and T1 after 50 days (p<0.01). The total plat count and thiobarbituric acid value of T1 slowly increased compared to T0, and there was significant difference between T0 and T1 after 30 days (p<0.01). Further, the decrease of the antioxidant activity of T1 was delayed, there was significant difference between T0 and T1 after 40 days (p<0.05). There was no significant difference of taste, juiciness, or tenderness of cooked meat between T0 and T1. The aroma and palatability of cooked meat for T1 fed with mugwort were significantly superior than those of T0 at day 30 after storage (p<0.05).

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2005

Ceruloplasmin (CP) is the major plasma antioxidant and copper transport protein. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human CP were produced and characterized. A total of five hybridoma cell lines were established (CP2, CP10, CP20, CP25, CP30). From the epitope mapping analysis, two subgroups of mAbs recognize different peptide fragments were identified. When the purified CP was incubated with the mAbs, the ferroxidase activity of CP was inhibited up to a maximum 57%. Immunoblotting with various tissue homogenates indicated that all the mAbs specifically recognize a single protein band of 130 kDa. They also appear to be extensively cross-reactive among different mammalian including human and avian sources. These results demonstrated that only one type of immunologically similar CP is present in all of the mammalian tissues including human. The CP mAbs could be of great benefit to design the diagnostic kit for CP-related diseases such as Wilson's disease.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2012

In this study, silk gland powder of silkworm were investigated to see the possibility for baby powder cosmetics materials. To test possibility as a baby powder cosmetics, total content rate of amino acids, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, MTT assay, and clinical trial were done. According to the result of the analysis of the amino acids of silk gland powder, serin (26.77%) content was the highest and asparatic acid (15.47%), and glycine (9.62%) were followed. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of silk gland powder was lower than vitamin C by 82.3% and 97%, respectively, which is relatively good. Moisture effect were increased in silk gland powder compared to control cosmetics by 50%. Also, silk gland powder was classified as a practically non-irritating material based on the score 0.05 of primary irritation index. Thus, these results suggest that silk gland powder of silkworm may have beneficial properties as a material for baby powder cosmetics.