• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.287-311
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• 2013

This study has been planned to examine the three faces as follows; 1) systematization of research materials on the farmer's welfare served in the period of Japanese Imperialism, and 2) a social historical analyzation of the farmer's welfare in the context of politics, economy, social lives, and culture. The collected data focused on the primary resources has been organized such as seven categories: 1) public aid; 2) social insurance; 3) social welfare service; 4) farmer's welfare movement; 5) farm's social work; 6) mutual dependence; and 7) the others. The organized data has been analyzed in view of social history such as important themes: 1) being targeted in the confused society; 2) conspirative almsgiving; 3) being benefited from monopolistic capitalism and discrimination; 4) alienators' resistant self-help efforts; 5) reforming of civilized lives; 6) religious blessings within structural double torture; and 7) farmer's partial progress of lives. Finally, some various implications are suggested based on the analyzed results.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.355-359
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• 1987

Texture and mineralogy of different microlayers of deep-sea manganese nodules are investigted to reveal the environmental changes of nodules during a nodule formation. Basically a nodule can have three types (A, B and C) of microlayer. Some nodules show only one or two types of microlayer. The classification is based primarily on the texture. The surface torture of type A is coarsely porous globular microstructure whereas type B and C are intermediate to finely porous textures. The type A is characterized by its highest Mn content $(30.6\%)$ and relatively well-crystallized todorokite as veil as the rapid growth rate. Smectite and biogenic silica (radiolaria) are also easily observed in the type A layer. It appears that the hydrothermal activity is one of the favorable mechanism of formation for the type A layer. The hydrothermal solution is possibly supplied from nearby fracture zone and spreading center.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.5
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• pp.167-192
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• 2003

When Hart Crane′s poem cycle The Bridge was published in 1930, a group of influential reviewers accused Crane of immaturity, sentimentality, and lack of focus. They condemned crane′s wayward, fuzzy mysticism as backwards-looking and self-defeating. Even sympathetic critics, such as Harold Bloom, have consistently portrayed Crane′s poetry as the pyrotechnic final fizzle of late romanticism. These persistent, public reservations, however, have not prevented an impressive proliferation in secondary literature concerning Crane since the late 1960s. His promiscuity, alcoholism, erratic behavior, relative poverty, tragic death, and total commitment to art have since earned him the labels of New World Rimbaud and proto-Beat. His colorful career thus explains in part his retrospective fame. Nevertheless, living hard and dying young do not guarantee artistic immortality. This article poses questions as to why Crane has mattered so much to subsequent generations of U.S. readers and what these readers find so compelling in his poetry. The answer, I would argue, lies in Crane′s idiosyncratic use of language. Far from striving for transparency, he writes in an inimitably obstructive, artificial manner. There is something seductive and absurd in his wild use of words here, I would further argue, we discover the reason behind both Crane′s enduring appeal and his supposed inadequacy as a writer. Crane did "torture" syntax, semantics, and conventional associations, not because he saw his unusual language as an eccentric mannerism but because he saw it as a tool in the service of constructing a "myth of America" and reintegrating the human and divine. Understanding thy he considered this to be the case clarifies Crane′s achievement and illuminates why his work still seems so relevant today.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.573-592
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• 2019

This study was based on the diary of George Clayton Fork, who arrived in Jeonju at 12:10 p.m. on November 10, 1884 and stayed for two nights and three days. During his stay, he was able to learn about the culture of Jeollagamyoung at that time through food, alcohol, banquets and gifts that he was treated to by gratitude. In particular, Fork added pictures and explanations of the deficiencies to its records, drawing half the breakfast table specially served by the Jeollagamyoung at 10 a.m. on Nov. 11. This is very valuable as the best and first source of knowledge of the food culture of the Joseon Dynasty in Jeonju, where no torture related to food was found. This is the result of a study that put great significance on objectively understanding the culture of Jeollagamyoung in the eyes of foreigners 135 years ago.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.21 no.2 s.51
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• pp.68-72
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• 1982

Soil environmental factors, affecting population of Fusarium spp. and root rot of Panax ginseng were investigated in the ginseng cultivated soil. In the 2-year-old ginseng cultivated soil, the number of Fusarium spp. and the amount of available phosphorus were significantly decreased as clay content was increased in the soil. Also the missing rate of ginseng plants and the amount of nitrate nitrogen appears to be decreased as clay content was increased in the soil, although, it was not statistically significant. In the 6-year-old ginseng cultivated soil, there was highly significant negative correlation(r=-0.3976, p=0.01) between the number of Fusarium spp. and that of Streptomyces spp. Relationship between root rot and the amount of available phosphorus was significantly positive (r=0.3162, p=0.05), however, there was no correlation between the two factors within same soil torture.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.189-213
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• 2009

This study aimed to understand the meaning and essence of trauma accidents that North Korean Defectors experienced while escaping from North Korea. We approached with phenomenological method, and the study targets were 7 North Korean Defectors who underwent trauma such as torture, fear, violence, starvation and disease in the course of escaping from North Korea. As a result, we found that the trauma of participants is linked to the present after years while categorizing 6 theme clusters into 'struggle in the border of life and death', and 'difference between being left alive and living'. The image and memory imprinted in the mind of participants from the trauma accident has continued for years and is related with their daily life in South Korea. In this study, we could realize that some elements which had been thought to be negative features of North Korean Defectors are unavoidable extraordinary nature of people who experienced trauma.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.373-380
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of nursing and medicine as phenomena of knowledge/power from the viewpoint of Foucault. Method : The present study adopts the genealogical method by Foucault, which tries to unite languages and knowledge. Foucault who attempted to show that the basic ideas which people normally take to be permanent truths about human nature and society change in the course of history. Results : It has been emphasized that the development of modern health care has been due to the progressive efforts of medicine and to medical discoveries. Foucault examines the institutionalization of knowledge and the power exerted thereby, with special reference to the devices of social regulation and their function over the madness, the disease, the crime, and the sexuality. The concept of power is that it is exerted spontaneously in verbal behaviors of individuals through knowledge of everyday life such as definition of body or mind. Therefore as to the problem of knowledge/power, this study tries to understand the meaning of history of nursing and medicine through an analysis of the formation of text of history. In order to have authority in a power relation, the medical professional asserts that medical discourse is the most scientific knowledge. Conclusion : According to the above findings, it can be concluded that the body is also directly invested in a political field: power relations have an immediate hold upon it; they invest it, mark it, train it, torture it, force it to carry out tasks, to perform ceremonies, to emit signs. Therefore the devaluation of nursing care is reinforced by the medicine which has the legitimate authority through use of the political skills about the body.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.513-523
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• 2020

Gill Deleuze is a representative of poststructuralism philosophy who has reevaluated the senses and body. This research reinterprets modern fashion and its relationship with the body based on the core idea of Deleuze's body aesthetics - Body without organs. The results of this study are as follows. First, with the influence of intensity, the body without organs will form three types of body: full body without organs, empty body without organs and cancerous body without organs. Second, modern fashion can create new physical relationships by changing the way of dressing, thus forming the full body without organs. Third, in the empty body without organs, people replace the torture of the body through the destruction of clothing; and the indiscriminate design under egalitarianism will create the cancerous body without organs which full of negative meaning. Through these results, we can have a deeper understanding of the relationship between body and clothing, and apply it to creative expression.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.1131-1149
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• 2011

Michael McKeon, in The Origins of the English Novel, 1600-1740, sets forth a theoretical study of a large canon of seventeenth- and eighteenthcentury works, based upon the dialectic of genre formations, which attempts to analyze certain "instabilities" in generic and social categories- "instabilities" that McKeon identifies as "Questions of Truth" and "Questions of Virtue." In this paper, I argue with McKeon's optimistic reading of Samuel Richardson's work, Clarissa, or The History of Young Lady (1740), which concludes that-unlike Pamela's "manifest material and social empowerment"-Clarissa acquires "manifest discursive and imaginative empowerment" and "wins" (to use McKeon's terms) the "battle" with her antagonist, Robert Lovelace. What is difficult to accept in this reading of Clarissa is McKeon's claim that the "success" of Clarissa's resistance to Lovelace, despite the tragic rape, is evident in her "new-found power" which is represented in the heroine's spiritual "conversion"- her decision to die to protect her "version of truth and virtue." McKeon's spiritual "conversion" not only forces Clarissa to surrender her legal right to prosecute her rapist but also forces her to seek the shelter of her "father's house" in the afterlife because she can no longer "make others accept [her] own version of events as authoritative." Thus, in contrast to McKeon, I claim that Clarissa represents the necessary conditions for its heroine's "empowerment" primarily in language that suggests her manifest social invalidation; language which in particular emphasizes that her rape and torture by Lovelace forces Clarissa's spiritual "conversion" to seek her reward in the afterlife-thereby concluding that Clarissa's discursive and imaginative empowerment does not and cannot exist in the secular, material world.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.36-45
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• 2006

Three-dimensional (3-D) texture coordinates mean the position information of torture segments that are mapped into polygons in a 3-D mesh model. In order to compress texture coordinates, previous works reused the same linear predictor that had already been employed to code geometry data. However, the previous approaches could not carry out linear prediction efficiently since texture coordinates were discontinuous along a coding order. Especially, discontinuities of texture coordinates became more serious in the 3-D mesh model including a non-atlas texture. In this paper, we propose a new scheme to code 3-D texture coordinates using as a texture image rearrangement. The proposed coding scheme first extracts texture segments from a texture. Then, we rearrange the texture segments consecutively along the coding order, and apply a linear prediction to compress texture coordinates. Since the proposed scheme minimizes discontinuities of texture coordinates, we can improve coding efficiency of texture coordinates. Experiment results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the MPEG-4 3DMC standard in terms of coding efficiency.